Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout08-20-2014 Item 13 -Desk Item City Council Meetingk City of Saratoga [IFORNP Memorandum To: Saratoga City Council From: Crystal Bothelio, City Clerk Date: August 20, 2014 Subject: Item 13 — Conceptual Approval of the 2015 -2023 General Plan Housing Element After the agenda packet for the August 20, 2014 City Council meeting was prepared, the City received written communications on this item. The City Council was also provided with a copy of the 2007 -2014 Housing Element as well as a document showing proposed changes to Chapter 3 and Appendix B of the proposed 2015 -2023 Housing Element. Attachments: - Email from Marcia Fariss Dated August 18, 2014 - 2007 -2014 Housing Element - Chapter 3 and Appendix B of the Proposed 2015 -2023 Housing Element with Changes Shown Monday, August 18, 2014 8:59:18 AM Pacific Daylight Time Subject: Housing Element update Date: Thursday, August 14, 20145:14:36 PM Pacific Daylight Time From: Marcia Fariss <marcia @gizmology.com> To: Emily Lo <elo @saratoga.ca.us >, Howard Miller <hmiller @saratoga.ca.us >, Manny Cappello <mcappello @saratoga.ca.us >, Chuck Page <cpage @saratoga.ca.us >, Jill Hunter <jhunter @saratoga.ca.us >, James Lindsay <jlindsay @saratoga.ca.us >, City Clerk [Crystal Bothelio] <ctclerk @saratoga.ca.us> Mayor Lo, Fellow City Council Members, Unfortunately, i will be unable to attend the upcoming meeting discussing the Housing Element Update. If my health has returned, we'll be out of town; if it doesn't improve, I'll be too ill to attend the meeting. I am fully cognizant of the potential position in which the City might be placed, but I urge you to deny the current Housing Element plan. There is now so much opposition to the One Bay Area /RHNA /ABAG ,plans for housing that the probability we'll be sued is greatly diminished. Not only are there more and more Bay Area City's opposing the plans in their own area, there is a pending lawsuit from a wider Bay Area coalition. You know that ABAG /RHNA housing demands will ruin our small town as well as hundreds of others. We are a rural community with few jobs and no transportation hub; we want to remain that way! Additionally, adopting such plans will threaten our safety, our infrastructure, . substantially increase our traffic, noise, and adversely affect our classrooms. Not to mention any one of those issues will lower our property values and Saratoga`s desirability. Saratoga cannot afford to have any of those objectionable changes! Please do not approve the Housing Element Update! Please do not support the additional ABAG /RHNA allocation plans! Please seriously consider opting out of ABAG M! You know that you will have the support of every resident in this City. Thank you, Marcia Fariss Page 1 of 1 CITY OF SARATOGA HOUSING ELEMENT 2007 — 2014 Housing Element Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction .............................................. ............................... 1 -1 A. Introduction ....................................................... ............................... 1-1 B. Purpose and Content ............................................ ............................1 -1 C. Housing Element Update Process .......................... ............................1 -1 D. State Law and Local Planning ............................. ............................... l -1 E. Housing Element Organization .............................. ............................1 -3 F. Citizen Participation .............................................. ............................1 -4 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis ............................ ............................... 2 -1 A. Introduction ....................................................... ............................... 2 -1 B. Community Profile ................................................ ............................2 -1 1. Population Trends and Characteristics ................. ............................2 -1 2. Employment Trends ............................................ ............................2 -5 3. Household Characteristics .................................. ............................2 -7 4. Housing Inventory and Market Conditions ..................................... 2 -1 1 C. Housing Needs ................................................... ...........................2 -19 1. Households Overpaying for Housing .................. ...........................2 -19 2. Overcrowding ................................................... ...........................2 -21 3. 2007 -2014 Growth Needs ................................ ...........................2 -22 4. Special Needs Groups ....................................... ...........................2 -22 Chapter 3: Resources and Constraints Analysis ............ ............................... 3 -1 A. Governmental Constraints and Resources ............... ............................3 -1 1. Land Use Controls ............................................. ............................3 -1 2. Density Bonus Ordinance ................................. ...........................3 -16 3. Institutional Facilities and Nursing Homes ..................................... 3 -1 7 4. Emergency Shelters, Transitional Housing and Single Room Occupancy Units .......................... ...........................3 -18 5. Second Dwelling Units ...................................... ...........................3 -21 6. Housing for Persons with Disabilities .................. ...........................3 -22 7. Building Codes and Enforcement ...................... ...........................3 -23 8. On and Off -Site Improvements ......................... ...........................3 -24 9. Development Fees ............................................ ...........................3 -26 10. Local Processing and Permit Procedures ........... ...........................3 -32 11. Measure G . ............................................................................... 3 -36 12. Environmental and Infrastructure Constraints .... ...........................3 -36 13. Community Development Block Grant and HOME Program .........3 -42 B. Non - Governmental Constraints ............................. ...........................3 -42 1. Vacant and Underutilized Land .......................... ...........................3 -42 2. Land Prices ....................................................... ...........................3 -42 3. Construction Costs ............................................ ...........................3 -43 4. Financing ......................................................... ...........................3 -43 5. Energy Conservation ......................................... ...........................3 -45 Chapter 4: Housing Policy Program ............................ ............................... 4 -1 4 -1 New Production ............................................... ............................4 -1 4 -2 Rehabilitation of Existing Housing S tock ............. ............................4 -6 4 -3 Design and Livability ........................................ ............................4 -7 4 -4 Access to Housing Opportunities ....................... ............................4 -8 4 -5 Coordinated Housing Efforts ....................................................... 4 -1 1 Appendices Appendix A: Community Outreach ........................... ............................... A -1 Appendix B: Residential Land Resources .................... ............................... B -1 Appendix C: Review of 1999 -2006 Housing Element Performance .............0 -1 Appendix D: Glossary .............................................. ............................... D -1 Chapter 1 Introduction A. Introduction The Housing Element of the General Plan identifies and analyzes existing and projected housing needs and contains the official policies for the preservation, conservation, rehabilitation, and production of housing in the City of Saratoga. This Housing Element covers the Planning Period from January 2007 through June 2014. B. Purpose and Content The Housing Element addresses housing opportunities for current and future Saratoga residents through 2014 and provides the primary policy guidance for local decision making related to housing. The Housing Element is the only General Plan Element that requires review and certification by the State of California. The Housing Element provides a detailed analysis of the City's demographic, economic, and housing characteristics as required by State law. The Housing Element also evaluates the City's progress in implementing the 1999 -2006 policy program and actions related to housing production, preservation, conservation, and rehabilitation. Based on community housing needs, available resources, housing constraints /opportunities, and analysis of past performance, the Housing Element identifies goals, objectives, and action programs that address existing and projected housing needs in Saratoga. C. Housing Element Update Process The California State legislature has identified the attainment of a decent home and suitable living environment for every Californian as a State -wide goal. Local planning programs play a critical part in achieving this goal. Therefore, the Legislature mandates that all cities and counties prepare a Housing Element as part of their comprehensive General Plans. D. State Law and Local Planning 1. Consistency with State Law 1 -1 The Housing Element is one of the seven Elements of the General Plan required by State law (Sections 65580 to 65589.89 of the California Government Code). Each jurisdiction's Housing Element must contain "identification and analysis of existing and projected housing needs and a statement of goals, policies, quantified objectives, and scheduled program actions for the preservation, improvement, and development of housing." The Housing Element plans for the provision of housing for all segments of the City's population. Section 65583 of the Government Code sets forth specific requirements regarding the scope and content of each Housing Element. Table 1 -1 summarizes these requirements and identifies the applicable sections of the Housing Element where these requirements are addressed. Table 1 -1 State Housing Element Requirements Required Housing Element Component Reference A. Housing Needs Assessment 1. Analysis of population trends in Saratoga in relation to countywide trends Chapter 2 2. Analysis of employment trends in Saratoga in relation to regional trends Chapter 2 3. Projections and quantification of Saratoga's existing and projected housing needs for all income groups Chapter 2 4. Analysis and documentation of Saratoga's housing characteristics, including: Chapter 2 a. Overpayment Chapter 2 b. Overcrowding Chapter 2 c. Housing conditions Chapter 2 5. Analysis of land suitable for residential development Appendix B 6. Analysis of governmental constraints upon housing Chapter 3 7. Analysis of nongovernmental constraints upon housing Chapter 3 8. Analysis of special housing needs Chapter 2 9. Analysis of emergency shelters Chapter 3 10. Analysis of opportunities for energy conservation Chapter 3 11. Analysis of assisted housing developments that are eligible to change from low- income housing during the next 10 years Appendix B B. Goals and Policies 12. Identification of Saratoga's goals, quantified objectives and policies relative to the maintenance, improvement and development of housing Chapter 4 C. Implementation Program 13. Identification of adequate sites which will be made available through appropriate action to accommodate a variety of housing types for all income levels Appendix B 1 -2 Table 1 -1 State Housing Element Requirements Required Housing Element.Component Reference 14. Identification of programs to assist in the development of adequate Chapter 4 housing to meet the needs of low and moderate - income households 15. Identification of opportunities to remove governmental constraints Chapter 4 to the maintenance, improvement, and development of housing 16. Identification of opportunities to remove constraints and /or provide Chapter 4 reasonable accommodations for housing for persons with disabilities 17. Identification of opportunities to conserve and improve the Chapter 4 condition of the existing affordable housing stock 18. Identification of programs to promote housing opportunities for all Chapter 4 persons 19. Identification of programs to address the potential conversion of Chapter 4 assisted housing development to market -rate housing 20. Identification of programs to identify zones where emergency Chapter 4 shelters are permitted 2. General Plan Consistency The California Government Code (Section 65300.5) requires internal consistency among each Element of the General Plan. The General Plan Elements shall provide an integrated, internally consistent, and compatible statement of policy. The City of Saratoga has reviewed the other Elements of the General Plan and determined that the Housing Element is internally consistent. 3. Relationship to Other Plans and Programs The Housing Element identifies goals, objectives, policies, and actions for the 2007 -2014 Planning Period that directly addresses existing and future housing needs in Saratoga. City plans and programs work to implement the goals, objectives, and policies of the Housing Element. E. Housing Element Organization The City of Saratoga's Housing Element is organized into four parts: • Introduction: Explains the purpose, process and content of the Housing Element. • Housing Needs Analysis: Describes the demographic, economic and housing characteristics of Saratoga as well as existing and future housing needs. 1 -3 • Resources and Constraints Analysis: Analyzes the actual and potential governmental and non - governmental constraints to the maintenance, preservation, conservation and development of housing. • Housing Policy Program: Details specific policies and programs the City will carry out over the Planning Period to address Saratoga's housing goals. Supporting background material is included in the following appendices: • Appendix A: Community Outreach Summary • Appendix B: Residential Land Resources • Appendix C: Review of the 1999 -2006 Housing Element Performance • Appendix D: Glossary of Housing Terms F. Citizen Participation The Housing Element was developed through the combined efforts of City staff and consultants, the Planning Commission, and the City Council. Citizen input was received through public workshops and public hearings conducted by consultants, the Planning Commission and the City Council. Notices for these workshops and hearings were published on the City's website and posted at City Hall and other public facilities. In addition, housing stakeholder- organizations involved in the development of housing or representing the interests of lower income and special needs households were contacted directly to participate in public workshops. 1. Community Workshops and Public Study Sessions The following community workshops were advertised and open to the general public: • Workshop #1: June 17, 2008, North Campus of Saratoga, Administration Building • Workshop #2: August 5, 2008, Saratoga Fire District Offices, Community Room • Study Session #1: February 24, 2009 — Planning Commission • Study Session #2: March 10, 2009 — Planning Commission /City Council • Study Session #3: March 31, 2009 — Planning Commission /City Council During the community workshops, participants were provided with an overview of the Housing Element update process and content. Participants were then asked to 1 -4 identify and discuss challenges, opportunities and resources related to housing in Saratoga. Comments received through the outreach activities have been considered in the development of the Housing Policy Program provided in Chapter 4 of this document. A summary of the comments is provided in Appendix A of the Housing Element. 1 -5 This page left intentionally blank. Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Chapter Housing 2 Needs Analysis A. Introduction When preparing the Housing Element, jurisdictions must evaluate both existing and future housing needs for all segments of the population. This section analyzes demographic, economic and housing characteristics that influence the demand for and availability of housing. The analyses form a foundation for developing programs and policies that seek to address identified housing needs according to income, tenure and special needs groups. Primary data sources utilized in this analysis include the 1990 and 2000 U.S. Census, the California Department of Finance (DOF), the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG). These data sources are the most reliable for assessing existing conditions and provide a basis for consistent comparison with historical data and for making forecasts. B. Community Profile 1. Population Trends and Characteristics Housing needs are generally influenced by population and employment trends. This section provides a summary of the changes to the population size, age and racial composition of the city. a. Historical, Existing and Forecast Growth The City of Saratoga is one of 15 cities in the County of Santa Clara. The California Department of Finance estimates that Santa Clara County's population in 2008 was 1,837,075. 2 -1 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -1 lists adjacent counties and their respective populations. Table 2 -1 +. Regional Population Trends 1990 -2008 County 1990 2000 2008' Santa Clara County 1,497,577 1,682,585 1,837,075 Alameda County 1,279,182 1,443,741 1,543,000 San Mateo County 649,623 707,161 739,469 San Joaquin County 480,628 563,598 685,660 Santa Cruz County 229,734 255,602 266,519 Monterey County 355,660 401,762 428,549 Stanislaus County 370,522 446,997 525,903 Merced County 178,403 210,554 255,250 San Benito 36,697 53,234 57,784 Note: ' California Department of Finance, January 2008 Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF 1, 1990 STF 1, and the California Department of Finance, E4 According to the U.S. Census and the State Department of Finance, Saratoga experienced a 6.4 percent population increase between 1990 and 2000, and a 5.8 percent increase between 2000 and 2008. Table 2 -2 compares Saratoga's population growth trends with those of the County. As indicated in Figure 2 -1, ABAG forecasts a population of 33,900 for Saratoga in 2030. Table 2 -2 Population Growth 1990 -2008 Jurisdiction 1990 2000 2008' 1990 -2000 Growth 2000 -2008 Growth Number % Number % Saratoga 28,061 29,855 31,592 1,794 6.4% 1,737 5.8% Santa Clara Count 1,497,577 1,682,585 1,837,075 185,008 12.4% 154,490 9.2% Note: ' California Department of Finance, January 2008 Source: U.S. Census 1990 STF3 P001, U.S. Census 2000 SF3 P1 and California Department of Finance E4 2 -2 35,000 34,000 33,000 32,000 31,000 30,00() 29,001) 28,000 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Figure 2 -1 City of Saratoga Population Growth Forecast 2000 -2030 33.800 33,901 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Source: ABAG Projections 2005 b. Age Composition Between 1990 and 2000, Saratoga experienced growth in the percentages of the "preschool" (0 -4 years), "school" (5 -17 years), and "senior citizen (65+ years) populations, while the percentages of "young adult" (18 -24 years), "prime working" (25 -54 years), and "retirement" (55 -64 years) populations declined. The "prime working" (25 -54 years) population remains the largest age group in the City. Table 2 -3 summarizes the population's age distribution in 1990 and 2000. 2 -3 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -3 Age Distribution 1990 -2000 Age Group 1°990 2000 Number /° of Population Number /° of Population Preschool 0 -4 ears 1,284 4.6% 15.8% 1,575 5.3% School 5 -17 ears 4,445 6,183 20.7% Young Adult 18 -24 ears 2,043 7.3% 1,145 3.8% Prime Working 25 -54 ears 12,722 45.3% 12,371 41.4% Retirement 55 -64 ears 3,846 13.7% 3,629 12.2% Senior Citizen 65+ ears 3,721 1 13.3% 1 4,952 1 16.6% Total 1 28,061 1 100.0%1 29,855 1 100.0% Source: U.S. Census 1990 STF 3, P013; U.S. Census 2000 SF 3, P8 C. Race and Ethnicity Saratoga residents are mainly composed of two racial /ethnic groups: White, and Asian or Pacific Islander. As of 2000, 65.1 percent of residents in Saratoga were White and 29.1 percent were of Asian or Pacific Islander origin. Between 1990 and 2000 the White population declined by 16 percent, while the Asian or Pacific Islander population increased by 14.2 percent. Table 2 -4 summarizes the racial and ethnic composition of the population in 1990 and 2000. Table 2 -4 Racial and Ethnic Composition 1990 -2000 Racial /Ethnic Group 1990 2000 1990 -2000 Change in % of Population Number % of Po ulation Number % of Population White 22,761 81.1% 19,434 65.1% - 16.0% Black 118 0.4% 110 0.4% 0.0% American Indian & Alaska Native 48 0.2% 34 0.1% -0.1% Asian or Pacific Islander 4,185 14.9% 8,686 29.1% 14.2% Other race 9 0.0% 37 0.1% 0.1% Two or more races2 -- -- 606 2.0% -- Hispanic' 940 3.3% 936 3.1%. -0.2% Total 1 28,061 1 100.0%1 29,843 1 100.0% -- Notes: May be of any race. Figures in other rows reflect the population that is not Hispanic or Latino. 2 The "Population of two or more races" category has been added in the 2000 U.S. Census. Data may not be comparable. Source: U.S. Census 1990 STF 1, P010; U.S. Census 2000 SF 1, P8 2 -4 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis 2. Employment Trends Housing needs are influenced by employment trends. Significant employment opportunities within a City can lead to growth in demand for housing in proximity to jobs. The quality and /or pay of available employment can determine the need for various housing types and prices. As shown in Table 2 -5, in 2000, 31.9 percent of Saratoga residents were employed in the manufacturing industry; 18.8 percent were employed in professional, scientific, management, administrative and waste management services; and 14.9 percent were employed in educational, health and social services. Table 2 -5 Employment by Industry' 2000 Census 2 -5 Sarato a Santa Clara County Industry Employees % Employees % Agriculture, forestry, fishing 18 0.1% 4,364 0.5% and hunting, and mining Construction 422 3.2% 42,232 5% Manufacturing 4,253 31.9% 231,784 27.5% Wholesale trade 389 2.9% 25,515 3% Retail trade 1,019 7.6% 83,369 9.9% Transportation and 137 1.0% 23,546 2.8% warehousing, and utilities Information 713 5.3% 39,098 4.6% Finance, insurance, real 914 7.1% 38,715 4.6% estate, and rental and leasing Professional, scientific, 2,514 18.8% 131,015 15.5% management, administrative, and waste management services Educational, health and 1,992 14.9% 123,890 14.7% social services Arts, entertainment, 369 2.8% 49,186 5.8% recreation, accommodation and food services Other services (except public 249 1.9% 29,987 3.6% administration Public Administration 328 2.5% 21,211 2.5% 2 -5 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Total 13,344 1 100.07T 843,912 100.0% Notes: ' Data indicates the occupations held by Saratoga /Santa Clara County residents; the location of the related workplace is not indicated by this data. Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3, P49 Saratoga has relatively few major employers. The top 25 sales tax generators in 2008 in the City are summarized in Table 2 -6. Table 2 -6 City of Saratoga Top 25 Sales Tax Generators 2008 Business Name (in Alphabetical Order) Barnes & Noble Bookstores Blaines Lighting Bob Gilmore's Flowers and Things Deja and Co. Exquisite Jewels Florentine Restaurants Gene's Fine Foods Jake's Jumpsport Kragen Auto Parts La Fondue Longs Drug Stores Ovations Fan Fare Performance Board Technology Safeway Stores Saratoga Country Club Saratoga Grille Signature Kitchen /Bath Design The Napkin Ring The Plumed House Tuesday Morning Union 76 Service Station (Big Basin Way) Union 76 Service Station (Saratoga - Sunnyvale) Valero Service Stations Wheel Works West Wilds Horticultural Services Source: City of Saratoga As shown in Table 2 -7, the Saratoga residents who are employed increased from 12,900 in 2000 to 13,300 in 2007. According to the California Employment Development Department, the unemployment rate for residents in Saratoga for 2 -6 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis 2007 was 2.3 percent. This was lower than the County's unemployment rate of 4.7 percent in 2007. Table 2 -7 City of Saratoga Labor Force Trends 2003 -2007 join" Year Labor Force Employment Unemployment Unemployment Rate 2003 12,900 12,400 500 4.2% 2004 12,700 12,300 400 3.2% 2005 12,700 12,400 300 2.7% 2006 13,0001 12,700 1 300 2.2% 2007 13,300 1 13,000 1 3001 2.3% Source: State of California Employment Development Department (EDD), 2007 3. Household Characteristics This section describes Saratoga's household characteristics. The U.S. Census Bureau defines a "household" as all persons living in a single housing unit, whether or not they are related. One person living alone is considered a household, as is a group of unrelated people living in a single housing unit. The U.S. Census Bureau defines "family" as related persons living within a single housing unit. a. Household Formation and Composition In 2000, the U.S. Census Bureau reported 10,464 households in Saratoga, which marked a 3.1 percent increase from 1990. In Santa Clara County, the total number of households increased 8.4 percent between 1990 and 2000; and total households in California increased by 10.6 percent. The DOF provides data on occupied household units, which corresponds to total households in the U.S. Census. As shown in Table 2 -8, the DOF reports 10,886 housing units in Saratoga in 2008, a 4 percent increase from 2000. 2 -7 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -8 Total Households 1990 -2008 Notes: 'Occupied Housing Units reported by California Department of Finance Source: U.S. Census 1990 STF3, P005, U.S. Census 2000 SF3, H16, Department of Finance Table 2 -E -5, 2008 The average number of persons per household in Saratoga was 2.8 in 2000. The DOF estimates that in 2008, persons per household in Saratoga increased to 2.9. As shown in Table 2 -9, the average number of persons per household in Saratoga continues to be lower than the County average. Table 2 -9 Average Persons per Household 2000 -2008 Jurisdiction 2000' 20082 Saratoga 2.8 2.9 Santa Clara County 3.0 3.0 Source: ' Department of Finance Table 2- E -5, 2000; 2 Department of Finance Table 2- E -5, 2008 As shown in Table 2 -10, households of three to four persons made up the largest segment of total households in 2000, as well as the largest segment of owner households. The largest segment of renter households was made up of one person. Table 2 -10 Household Size Distribution 2000 Household Size Total Households' % of Total Renter Households Percent Percent % of Tota12 1 Person 1,540 14.7% Increase Increase Area 1990 2000 2008' 1990 -2000 2000 -2008 Saratoga 10,148 101464 10,886 3.1% 4.0% Santa Clara 522,040 565,863 608,652 8.4% 7.6% County 107 1.0% 1,057 10.1% California 1 10,399,700 1 11,502,870 1 12,653,045 1 10.6% 1 10% Notes: 'Occupied Housing Units reported by California Department of Finance Source: U.S. Census 1990 STF3, P005, U.S. Census 2000 SF3, H16, Department of Finance Table 2 -E -5, 2008 The average number of persons per household in Saratoga was 2.8 in 2000. The DOF estimates that in 2008, persons per household in Saratoga increased to 2.9. As shown in Table 2 -9, the average number of persons per household in Saratoga continues to be lower than the County average. Table 2 -9 Average Persons per Household 2000 -2008 Jurisdiction 2000' 20082 Saratoga 2.8 2.9 Santa Clara County 3.0 3.0 Source: ' Department of Finance Table 2- E -5, 2000; 2 Department of Finance Table 2- E -5, 2008 As shown in Table 2 -10, households of three to four persons made up the largest segment of total households in 2000, as well as the largest segment of owner households. The largest segment of renter households was made up of one person. Table 2 -10 Household Size Distribution 2000 Household Size Total Households' % of Total Renter Households % of Tota12 Owner Households % of Tota12 1 Person 1,540 14.7% 400 3.8% 1,140 10.9% 2 Persons 3,792 36.2% 262 2.5% 3,530 33.7% 3 -4 Persons 3,968 37.9% 281 2.7% 3,687 35.2% 5+ Persons 1,164 11.1% 107 1.0% 1,057 10.1% Va.,] Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -10 Household Size Distribution 2000 Household Size Total Households' % of Total Renter Households % of Total' Owner Households % of Total' Total 10,464 100.0% 1,050 10.0% 9,414 90.0% Notes: ' Represents Total Households 2 Percent of Total Households Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3 H17 b. Household Income As indicated in Table 2-11, the median household income for the City of Saratoga in 2000 was $138,803, greater than the median income for the County by $64,800. Within the City, the median income for owner - occupied households ($145,005) was more than the median income for renter - occupied households ($62,348). Table 2-11 Median Household Income by Tenure 1999 Jurisdiction City of Saratoga Owner- Occupied Households Renter - Occupied Households Median Income _ $138,803 $145,005 $62,348 Santa Clara County $74,003 Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3 HCT 12 The Federal Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) calculates an annual median family income (MFI) for the purpose of determining program eligibility. The State of California uses five income categories to determine housing affordability based on the MFI. Table 2 -12 shows the income ranges for each income category based on the 2008 HUD MFI for Santa Clara County. Table 2 -12 Income Range by Affordability Category Affordability Category Percent of County Median' Income Range ($)' Extremely -Low Income 530% :!129,340 Very-Low Income 31%-50% $29,341 - $48,900 2 -9 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -12 Income Range by Affordability Category Affordability Category Percent of County Median' Income Range ($)2 Low Income 51%-80% $48,901 - $78,240 $78,241 - $117,360 Moderate Income 81% -120% Above - Moderate Income >120% >$117,360 Notes: Based on HCD income categories. 2 Based on 2008 HUD MFI of $97,800 for Santa Clara County The HUD median family income for Santa Clara County was $80,981 in 2000. Based on 2000 U.S. Census information shown in Table 2 -13, 21.9 percent of renter - occupied households and 12.4 percent of owner - occupied households in Saratoga were within the Very Low- and Low- Income categories. And 8.2 percent of the households were within the Extremely Low- Income category. Table 2 -13 Household Income by Tenure 1999 Notes: ' Percent of owner- occupied housing units. 2 Percent of renter - occupied housing units. 3 Percent of total occupied housing units. Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3 HCTI 1 MEO Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied Total Occupied Housin g Units Number %' Numb er p2 Number %3 Less than $5,000 1 1 1 1.2% 21 2.0% 132 1.3% $5,000 to $9,999 54 0.6% 94 9.0% 148 1.4% $10,000 to $14,999 127 1.3% 84 8.0% 211 2.0% $15,000 to $19,999 133 1.4% 59 5.6% 192 1.8% $20,000 to $24,999 148 1.6% 33 1 3.1% 181 1.7% $25,000 to $34,999 293 3.1% 58 5.5% 351 3.4% $35,000 to $49,999 341 3.6% 101 9.6% 442 4.2% $50,000 to $74,999 832 8.8% 129 12.3% 961 9.2% $75,000 to $99,999 773 8.2% 100 9.5% 873 8.3% $100,000 to $149,000 2,069 22.0% 100 9.5% 2,169 20.7% $150,000 or more 4,533 48.2% 271 25.8% 4,804 45.9% Total 1 9,414 1 100.0% 1 1,050 1 100.0%1 10,464 1 100.0% Notes: ' Percent of owner- occupied housing units. 2 Percent of renter - occupied housing units. 3 Percent of total occupied housing units. Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3 HCTI 1 MEO Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis 4. Housing Inventory and Market Conditions This section describes the housing stock and market conditions in the City of Saratoga. By analyzing past and current housing trends, future housing needs can be projected. a. Housing Stock Profile According to the 2000 U.S. Census and the State Department of Finance, 1.8 percent of Santa Clara County's housing units are within Saratoga's boundaries. In 1990, Saratoga had 10,315 housing units, comprising 1.9 percent of the units in the County. By 2000, the City experienced a 3.4 percent increase in housing units. In 2008, the Department of Finance reported 11,093 housing units within the City. Table 2 -14 summarizes the number of housing units by area from 1990 to 2008. Table 2 -14 Number of Housing Units Saratoga and Santa Clara County 1990 -2008 Year Sarato a Santa Clara County Saratoga as % of total Santa Clara County units 1990 10,315 540,240 1.9% 2000 10,667 579,329 1.8% 2008' 1 11,093 1 622,779 1 1.8% Notes: ' Department of Finance Source: U.S. Census 1990 STF3 H001, U.S. Census 2000 SF3 Hl and Department of Finance Table 2 E -5, 2008 Unit Size In 2000, the most common types of renter - occupied units were studio or 1- bedroom units, making up 35.2 percent of renter - occupied units. The second largest group of renter - occupied units had 3 bedrooms (27.3 percent). In the owner- occupied units, 42.6 percent had 4 bedrooms and 31.7 percent had 3 bedrooms. These were also the most common types of housing units overall, making up 39.9 percent and 31.3 percent of all housing units respectively. Table 2 -15 summarizes the distribution of unit size by tenure in 2000. 2-11 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -15 Unit Size by Tenure 2000 Notes: ' Percentages may not equal 100% due to rounding Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3 H42 Unit Type The 2000 U.S. Census shows that 87.7 percent of the housing units in Saratoga are single - family detached homes. From 1990 to 2000, the number of units for all housing types increased, except for mobile homes and those in the "other" category. Table 2 -16 shows Saratoga's housing inventory by unit type from 1990 to 2008. Table 2 -16 Housing Inventory by Unit Type 1990 -2008 Owner-Occupied Renter- Occupied Total Occupied Units Units %' Units %' Units %' Studio /1 bedroom 187 2.0% 370 35.2% 557 5.3% 2 bedrooms 513 5.4% 178 17.0% 691 6.6% 3 bedrooms 2,985 31.7% 287 27.3% 3,272 31.3% 4 bedrooms 4,015 42.6% 165 15.7% 4,180 39.9% 5 or more bedrooms 1,714 18.2% 50 4.8% 1,764 16.9% Total 9,414 1 100.0% 1,050 1 100.0% 10,464 1 100.0% Notes: ' Percentages may not equal 100% due to rounding Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3 H42 Unit Type The 2000 U.S. Census shows that 87.7 percent of the housing units in Saratoga are single - family detached homes. From 1990 to 2000, the number of units for all housing types increased, except for mobile homes and those in the "other" category. Table 2 -16 shows Saratoga's housing inventory by unit type from 1990 to 2008. Table 2 -16 Housing Inventory by Unit Type 1990 -2008 Note: ' California Department of Finance Source: U.S. Census 1990 STF3 H020, U.S. Census 2000 SF3 H30 and California Department of Finance Table 2 E -5, 2008 2 -12 % of % of Housing Type 1990 Total 2000 % of Total 2008' Total Single family, 9,234 89.5% 9,551 89.5% 9,728 87.7 detached Single family, 455 4.4% 561 8.3% 560 5.0 attached Multi-family 533 5.2% 548 5.1% 798 7.2 Mobile homes 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 7 0.1 Other (Boats, RV, 93 0.9% 7 0.1% -- -- etc. Total Housing 10,315 100.0% 10,667 100.0% 11,093 100.0°6 Units Note: ' California Department of Finance Source: U.S. Census 1990 STF3 H020, U.S. Census 2000 SF3 H30 and California Department of Finance Table 2 E -5, 2008 2 -12 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis As shown in Table 2 -17, owner- occupied housing units were predominately single - family detached, with this type comprising 93.7 percent of all owner - occupied units. Single- family detached units also made up the majority of renter - occupied units (58.2 percent), with another 25.7 percent in multi - family complexes having 5 or more units. Table 2 -17 Unit Type by Tenure 2000 Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3 H32 b. Tenure Approximately 90 percent of Saratoga's housing units were owner- occupied and 10 percent were renter - occupied in 2000. As shown in Table 2 -18, the percentage of owner- occupied units in Saratoga was comparatively higher than Santa Clara County and California. Table 2 -18 Occupied Units by Tenure 2000 Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied Total Occupied Units Units % Units % Units % Single family, detached 8,819 93.7% 611 58.2% 9,430 90.1% Single family, attached 445 4.7% 75 7.1% 520 5.0% Multi- family (2 -4 units 98 1.0% 87 8.3% 185 1.8% Multi- family (5+ units 52 0.6% 270 25.7% 322 3.1% Mobile Homes 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Other (Boats, RV, etc. 0 0.0% 7 0.7% 7 0.1% Total 9,414 100.0% 1,050 100.0% 10,464 100.0% Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3 H32 b. Tenure Approximately 90 percent of Saratoga's housing units were owner- occupied and 10 percent were renter - occupied in 2000. As shown in Table 2 -18, the percentage of owner- occupied units in Saratoga was comparatively higher than Santa Clara County and California. Table 2 -18 Occupied Units by Tenure 2000 2 -13 Owner - Occupied Renter- Occupied Total Number %' Number %' Number %' Saratoga 9,414 90.0% 1,050 10.0% 10,464 100% Santa Clara Count 338,636 59.8% 227,227 40.2% 565,863 100% California 1 6,546,237 1 56.9%1 4,956,633 1 43.1% 1 11,502,870 1 100% 2 -13 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Notes: ' Percent of Total in each geography Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3 H7 c. Vacancy Rates Vacancy rates are an indicator of housing supply and demand. Low vacancy rates influence greater upward price pressures. A higher vacancy rate indicates downward price pressure. A 4 - 5 percent vacancy rate is considered "healthy." In 2000, the vacancy rate in Saratoga was 1.9 percent. The vacancy rate reported by DOF in 2008 continues to be 1.9 percent. Table 2 -19 summarizes the number of occupied and vacant units in Saratoga from 2000 to 2008. Table 2 -19 AVOW Occupancy Status 2000 -2008 Occupancy Status 2000 Percent 2008' Percent Occupied Housing Units 10,464 98.1% 10,886 98.1% Vacant Housing Units 203 1.9% 207 1.9% Total Housing Units 10,667 100.0% 11,093 100.0% Notes: ' California Department of Finance. Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3, H6 and California Department of Finance Table 2 E -5, 2008 d. Age of Housing Stock The age of a housing unit is often an indicator of housing conditions. In general, housing that is 30 years or older may exhibit need for repairs based on the useful life of materials. Housing over 50 years old is considered aged and is more likely to exhibit a need for major repairs. The U.S. Census provides data on age of housing stock by tenure. In Saratoga, 85.6 percent of owner- occupied housing units were built before 1980 and 34.8 percent were built before 1960. Of the renter - occupied units, 87.2 percent were built before 1980 and 37 percent were built before 1960. Overall, 85.8 percent of housing units were built before 1980 and 35.1 percent were built before 1960. Table 2 -20 provides a summary of age of housing stock by tenure. 2 -14 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -20 Tenure by Age of Housing Stock (Occupied Units) Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3 H36 e. Housing Conditions Housing is considered substandard when conditions are found to be below the minimum standard of living conditions defined in the California Health and Safety Code. Households living in substandard conditions are considered to be in need of housing assistance, even if they are not seeking alternative housing arrangements, due to the threat to health and safety. In addition to structural deficiencies and standards, the lack of infrastructure and utilities often serves as an indicator for substandard conditions. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 19 occupied units in Saratoga lacked complete plumbing facilities. Twelve of the units were owner- occupied and 7 of the units were renter - occupied. Twenty -four of the occupied units lacked complete kitchen facilities. Of those lacking complete kitchen facilities, 19 were renter - occupied units. It should be noted that there may be some overlap in the number of substandard housing units, as some units may lack both complete plumbing and kitchen facilities. Table 2 -21 summarizes the number of units lacking plumbing or complete kitchen facilities. Currently, the City has identified that there are no substandard housing units within the City. 2 -15 Owner-Occupied Renter-Occupied Total Occupied Housing Units Year Built Units % Units % Units % 1999- March 2000 69 0.7% 0 0.0% 69 0.7% 1990- 1998 533 5.7% 14 1.3% 547 5.2% 1980- 1989 748 7.9% 121 11.5% 869 8.3% 1970- 1979 1,920 20.4% 251 23.9% 2,171 20.7% 1960- 1969 2,865 30.4% 276 26.3% 3,141 30.0% 1950- 1959 2,646 28.1% 239 22.8% 2,885 27.6% 1940- 1949 398 4.2% 84 8.0% 482 4.6% 1939 or earlier 235 2.5% 65 6.2% 300 2.9% Total 1 9,414 1 100.0% 1 1,050 1 100.0% 1 10,464 1 100.0% Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3 H36 e. Housing Conditions Housing is considered substandard when conditions are found to be below the minimum standard of living conditions defined in the California Health and Safety Code. Households living in substandard conditions are considered to be in need of housing assistance, even if they are not seeking alternative housing arrangements, due to the threat to health and safety. In addition to structural deficiencies and standards, the lack of infrastructure and utilities often serves as an indicator for substandard conditions. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 19 occupied units in Saratoga lacked complete plumbing facilities. Twelve of the units were owner- occupied and 7 of the units were renter - occupied. Twenty -four of the occupied units lacked complete kitchen facilities. Of those lacking complete kitchen facilities, 19 were renter - occupied units. It should be noted that there may be some overlap in the number of substandard housing units, as some units may lack both complete plumbing and kitchen facilities. Table 2 -21 summarizes the number of units lacking plumbing or complete kitchen facilities. Currently, the City has identified that there are no substandard housing units within the City. 2 -15 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -21 Units Lacking Plumbing or Complete Kitchen Facilities 2000 Units Owner Occupied Renter Occupied Total Lacking complete plumbing facilities 12 7 19 Lacking complete kitchen facilities 5 19 24 . Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3 H48, H51 f. Housing Costs and Rents This section evaluates housing cost trends in Saratoga. Affordability Gap Analysis The costs of home ownership and renting can be compared to a household's ability to pay for housing. Housing affordability is defined as paying no more than 30 percent of the household income on housing expenses. Table 2 -22 summarizes affordable rents and purchase prices by income categories based on the 2008 HUD MFI of $97,800 for Santa Clara County. In this table, affordable purchase price is calculated by assuming a 6.0 percent interest rate with a 30 -year fully amortized mortgage. Table 2 -22 Affordable Rent and Purchase Price By Income 2008 Income Category % of MFI' Affordable Rent Pa ment2 Estimated Affordable Purchase Price3 Extremely -Low Income <_30% MF14 <_$734 <_$122,500 Very-Low Income 31% - 50% MFI $735 - $1,222 $122,501- $203,500 Low Income 51% - 80% MFI $1,222- $1,956 $203,500 - $326,500 Moderate Income 81% - 120% MFI $1,957- $2,934 $326,501- $489,500 Above - Moderate Income > 120% MFI >$2,934 >$489,500 Notes: ' Percent of Median Family Income 2 Based on 30% of income. 3 Assumes 6.0% interest rate, 30 year mortgage "MFI = 2008 HUD Median Family Income $97,800 2 -16 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis ii. Existing and New Home Price Trends In 2000, the median value for all owner- occupied units in Saratoga was greater than $1,000,000. As shown in Table 2 -23, 91.8 percent of owner- occupied housing units were valued at $500,000 or more. Six percent were valued at between $250,000 and $499,000. Table 2 -23 Value of Owner- Occupied Housing Units 2000 Price Range Number of Units Percent of Total $49,999 or less 12 0.1% $50,000 to $99,999 122 1.3% $100,000 to $149,999 34 0.4% $150,000 to $199,999 14 0.1% $200,000 to $249,999 22 0.2% $250,000 to $299,999 57 0.6% $300,000 to $399,999 187 2.0% $400,000 to $499,999 324 3.4% $500,000 or more 8,642 91.8% Total 9,414 1 100.0% Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3, H84 As shown in Table 2 -24, the median sales price for new and resale homes in Saratoga were $1,100,000 as of November 2008. This represents a 15.38 percent decrease from the median sales price in November 2007. The median sales price in Saratoga was higher than the median for the County in 2008. Table 2 -24 Median Sale Price Jurisdiction November 2007 November 2008 % Change Saratoga $1,300,000 $1,100,000 - 15.38% Campbell $748,000 $645,000 - 13.77% Cupertino $1,074,091 $722,000 - 32.78% Los Gatos $1,024,000 $838,000 - 18.16% Sunnyvale 1 $710,000 $624,000 1 - 12.11% Santa Clara $650,000 $515,000 - 20.77% Santa Clara County $705,000 $446,000 - 36.74% Source: Data Quick, dqnews.com, accessed January 12, 2009. 2 -17 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis iii. Ownership Affordability The median sales price for new and resale housing units in Saratoga in 2008 exceeds the affordability range for all income categories except above - moderate income households. A household earning an annual income equal to the 2008 MFI of $97,800 for Santa Clara County would be able to afford a $408,000 mortgage, 100 percent financing of a 30 -year fixed -rate loan at 6 percent. The median sales price in Saratoga exceeds what a median income family could afford. Extremely -Low, Very Low -, Low -, and Moderate - Income households may experience difficulty in finding available housing within their price range. iv. Rental Prices In 2008, RealFacts, a research and database publisher specializing in the multi- family market reported the average monthly rent for a 1- bedroom apartment in cities similar to Saratoga was $1,822. The average for a 2- bedroom apartment was $2,406, and a 3- bedroom apartment was $3,073. Studio apartments cost on average $1,544. Table 2 -25 Average Monthly Rent by Unit Size 2008 Unit Size Average Monthly Rent 2008' Studio $1,544 1 bedroom, 1 bath $1,822 2 bedrooms, 1 bath $1,795 2 bedrooms, 2 baths $2,406 3 bedrooms, 2 baths $3,073 All $2,128 Notes: 'RealFacts, Market Comparison 2008 Fourth Quarter. Average of comparable markets rents from City of Palo Alto, City of Los Altos and City of Los Gatos, which are similar to the City of Saratoga. Source: RealFacts, Annual Trend, obtained January 2009 According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 32.4 percent of renter households in Saratoga spent 30 percent or more of their household income on rent in 1999. Eleven percent spent 50 percent or more of their household income on rent. Table 2 -26 shows the number of households by percentage of household income spent on rent in 1999. 2 -18 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -26 Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income in 1999 Percent of Household Income Number of Households Percent of Households Less than 10 percent 27 2.6% 10 to 14 percent 173 16.5% 15 to 19 percent 124 11.8% 20 to 24 percent 131 12.5% 25 to 29 percent 122 11.6% 30 to 34 percent 121 11.5% 35 to 39 percent 39 3.7% 40 to 49 percent 65 6.2% 50 percent or more 116 11.0% Not computed 1 132 12.6% Total 1 1,050 100.0% Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3, H69 V. Rental Affordability As shown in Table 2 -25, the average rents for studio and 1- bedroom apartments are affordable to low- income households. Moderate- income households can afford studio to 2- bedroom apartments; and above moderate - income households can afford any sized apartment in Saratoga. C. Housing Needs This section provides an overview of existing housing needs in Saratoga. It focuses on the following categories: • Household overpayment; • Overcrowding; • Estimated new construction; • Replacement of units lost; and • Special needs groups. 1. Households Overpaying for Housing Overpayment is defined as households paying more than 30 percent of their gross income on housing related expenses, including rent or mortgage payments and utilities. High housing costs can cause households to spend a disproportionate percentage of their income on housing. This may result in repayment problems, deferred maintenance or overcrowding. PAIM Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis The impact of high housing costs is more apparent for Extremely Low -, Very Low -, and Low- Income households, especially renter households. Twenty -eight percent of owner- occupied households and 32.5 percent of renter - occupied households in Saratoga experienced overpayment in 2000. Table 2 -27 and 2 -28 summarize housing cost as a percentage of household income for owner- occupied and renter - occupied households. Table 2 -27 Housing Cost as a Percentage of Household Income for Owners Household Income Range House- holds % of Total House- holds Percenta a of Income Spent on Ho ing Costs <20% of HH Income 20 -29% of HH Income 30 -34% of HH Income 35 %+ of HH Income <$10,000 158 1.8% 0 8 0 86 $10,000- $19,000 241 2.7% 7 44 13 177 $20,000 - $34,999 413 4.6% 84 89 13 227 $35,000 - $49,999 314 3.5% 108 69 33 104 $50,000 - $74,999 794 8.8% 405 86 46 257 >$74,999 7,087 78.7% 3,831 1,694 486 1,076 Total' 9,007 100% 4,435 1,990 591 1,927 Notes: 'Some households are not accounted for; therefore, figures may slightly differ from other U.S. Census estimates for Total Households 2May not equal 100% due to rounding Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3, H97 Table 2 -28 Housing Cost as a Percentage of Household Income for Renters Household Income Range House- holds % of Total House- holds2 Percenta a of Income Spent on Housing Costs <20% of HH Income 20 -29% of HH Income 30 -34% of HH Income 35 %+ of HH Income <$10,000 115 11.0% 0 47 19 23 $10,000- $19,000 143 13.6% 13 22 9 70 $20,000 - $34,999 91 8.7% 9 22 8 40 $35,000- $49,999 101 9.6% 16 15 5 38 2 -20 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -28 Housing Cost as a Percentage of Household Income for Renters Household Income Range House- holds % of Total House- holds2 Percenta a of Income Spent on Hous ng Costs <20% of HH Income 20 -29% of HH Income 30 -34% of HH Income 35 %+ of HH Income $50,000 - $74,999 129 12.3% 33 26 35 17 >$74,999 471 44.9% 253 121 45 32 Total' 1,050 100% 324 253 121 220 Notes: 'Some households are not accounted for; therefore, figures may slightly differ from other U.S. Census estimates for Total Households May not equal 100% due to rounding Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3, H73 2. Overcrowding An Overcrowded Housing Unit is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as a housing unit occupied by more than one person per room (excluding bathrooms, kitchen, hallway and closet space). Overcrowding can affect public facilities and services, reduce the quality of the physical environment and create conditions that contribute to deterioration. Table 2 -29 summarizes overcrowding in Saratoga. In 2000, 211 households in Saratoga were overcrowded, accounting for two percent of all households. Of these households, 124 were owner- occupied and 87 were renter - occupied. Table 2 -29 Overcrowded Households 2000 Notes: 'Out of 9,414 total owner- occupied units. 20ut of 1,050 total renter - occupied units. 'Out of 10,464 total households. 2 -21 Owners Renters Total Persons per Room House- holds Percent of Total' House- holds Percent of Tota12 House- holds Percent of Total' <_1.00 9,290 98.7% 963 91.7% 10,253 98.0% 1.01 to 1.50 75 0.8% 40 3.8% 115 1.1% > 1.50 49 0.5% 47 4.5% 96 0.9% Total Households 9,414 100.0% 1,050 100.0% 10,464 100.0% Notes: 'Out of 9,414 total owner- occupied units. 20ut of 1,050 total renter - occupied units. 'Out of 10,464 total households. 2 -21 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF3, H2O 3. 2007 -2014 Growth Needs The Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) is responsible for allocating housing needs to each jurisdiction in its region, including Saratoga. A local jurisdiction's "fair share" of regional housing need is the number of additional housing units needed to accommodate the forecasted growth in the number of households, to replace expected demolitions and conversion of housing units to non - housing uses, and to achieve a future vacancy rate that allows for healthy functioning of the housing market. The allocation is divided into the four income categories: Very-Low, Low, Moderate, and Above - Moderate. The allocation is further adjusted to avoid an over - concentration of lower- income households in any one jurisdiction. Table 2 -30 shows the Regional Housing Needs Allocation for the City of Saratoga. Table 2 -30 Fair Share Housing Needs Allocation 2007 -2014 Notes: ' Regional share of Extremely -Low Income units is assumed to be 50 percent of the allocation of Very-Low Income units. Source: Regional Housing Needs Allocation, ABAG 2007 4. Special Needs Groups Certain segments of the population have more difficulty in finding decent, affordable housing due to special needs. This section identifies the needs for elderly persons, large households, female- headed households, persons with disabilities, homeless persons and farmworkers. In addition to the data from the 2000 U.S. Census, this section uses data from the 2000 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) published by HUD. The CHAS provides information related to households with housing problems, including overpayment, overcrowding and /or without complete kitchen facilities. The CHAS data are based on the Census 2000 data files and mostly comprise a 2 -22 Extremely- Very- Low Moderate Above- Total Low Low Income Income Moderate Allocation Income' Income Income Housing 45 90 68 77 57 292 Units Notes: ' Regional share of Extremely -Low Income units is assumed to be 50 percent of the allocation of Very-Low Income units. Source: Regional Housing Needs Allocation, ABAG 2007 4. Special Needs Groups Certain segments of the population have more difficulty in finding decent, affordable housing due to special needs. This section identifies the needs for elderly persons, large households, female- headed households, persons with disabilities, homeless persons and farmworkers. In addition to the data from the 2000 U.S. Census, this section uses data from the 2000 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) published by HUD. The CHAS provides information related to households with housing problems, including overpayment, overcrowding and /or without complete kitchen facilities. The CHAS data are based on the Census 2000 data files and mostly comprise a 2 -22 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis variety of housing need variables split by HUD - defined income limits and HUD - specified housing types. a. Elderly Persons Elderly persons are considered a special needs group because they are more likely to have fixed incomes. Elderly persons are defined by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) as persons aged 62 years and older. Elderly persons often have special needs related to housing location and construction. Because of limited mobility, elderly persons typically need access to public facilities (i.e. medical and shopping) and public transit. In terms of housing construction, elderly persons may need ramps, handrails, elevators, lower cabinets and counters, and special security devices to allow for greater self - protection. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 19.7 percent of Saratoga's residents were elderly. As shown in Table 2 -31, 26.9 percent of Saratoga's households had an elderly householder in 2000. Table 2 -31 Householders by Tenure and Age 2000 Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF 3, H 14 As indicated in Table 2 -32, the median household income for households with a householder age 65 to 74 years was $91,875 in 2000. In the same year, the median households income for households with a householder 75 years or older was $59,107. In 2006, the American Community Survey estimates that the median household income for households 65+ years in Santa Clara County was $41,144. 2 -23 Owner- Occupied Households Renter - Occupied Households Total Households Householder Age Number % of Owner- Occupied Households Number % of Renter- Occupied Households Number % of Total Households 15 -24 years 22 0.2% 15 1.4% 37 0.4% 25 -34 years 317 3.4% 157 15.0% 474 4.5% 35 -64 years 6,526 69.3% 616 5.8.7% 7,142 68.3% 65 -74 years 1,418 88 8.4% 1,506 14.4% 75 plus years 1,131 -15.1% 12.0% 174 16.6% 1,305 12.5% Total 1 9,414 100.0%1 1,0501 100.0% 1 10,4641 100.0% Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF 3, H 14 As indicated in Table 2 -32, the median household income for households with a householder age 65 to 74 years was $91,875 in 2000. In the same year, the median households income for households with a householder 75 years or older was $59,107. In 2006, the American Community Survey estimates that the median household income for households 65+ years in Santa Clara County was $41,144. 2 -23 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -32 Senior Citizen Median Household Income 2000 and 2006 Householder Age City of Saratoga Santa Clara County <$25,000 2000 Median Income 2006 Median Income' 2 65 -74 years $91,875 $41,144 $35,000- $49,999 222 75 plus-years $59,107 449 N otes: 'Estimated data from 2006 ACS for illustrative purposes only 2The ACS reports median income for households with a householder 65+ years Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF 3 P56 and 2006 ACS 819049 The HUD median family income for Santa Clara County was $80,981 in 2000. Based on 2000 U.S. Census data shown in Table 2 -33, 24.5 percent of senior citizen households earned less than $35,000, falling within the Extremely Low - and Very Low- Income categories; and 24.8 percent earned $35,000 to $74,999, falling within the Low- and Moderate - Income categories. Table 2 -33 Senior Citizen Household Income Distribution 2000 Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF 3 P55 The U.S. Census Bureau provides information on the number of persons with disabilities of varying types and degrees. The types of disabilities included in the Census are: • Sensory: Blindness, deafness, or a severe vision or hearing impairment. • Physical: A condition that substantially limits one or more basic physical activities, such as walking, climbing stairs, reaching, lifting, or carrying. 2 -24 Householder Age 65+ years in 2000 Number % Income <$25,000 498 18.4% $25,000- $34,999 166 6.1% $35,000- $49,999 222 8.2% $50,000- $74,999 449 16.6% $75,000- $99,999 354 13.1% $100,000- $149,999 469 17.2% $150,000- $199,999 206 7.6% >$200,000 346 12.8% Total 1 2,710 100% Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF 3 P55 The U.S. Census Bureau provides information on the number of persons with disabilities of varying types and degrees. The types of disabilities included in the Census are: • Sensory: Blindness, deafness, or a severe vision or hearing impairment. • Physical: A condition that substantially limits one or more basic physical activities, such as walking, climbing stairs, reaching, lifting, or carrying. 2 -24 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis • Mental: A condition lasting 6 months or more that made it difficult to perform certain activities including learning, remembering, or concentrating. • Self -care: A condition lasting 6 months or more that made it difficult to perform certain activities including dressing, bathing, or getting around inside the home. • Go- outside -home: Only asked for population 16 and older; a condition lasting 6 months or more that made it difficult to perform certain activities including going outside the home alone to shop or visit a doctor's office. • Employment: Only asked for the population aged 16 to 64; a condition lasting 6 months or more that made it difficult to perform certain activities including working at a job or business. In 2000, at least 14.7 percent of the elderly population had one type of disability. As shown in Table 2 -34, at least 10.9 percent had two or more types of disability. I able I -;S4 Elderly' with Disabilities Limiting Independent Living 2000 Disability Status Number Percent of People Aged 65+ Years2 With one type of disability 699 14.7% With two or more types of disability 517 10.9% Total with a disability 1,216 25.7% Note: 'HUD defines elderly as people aged 62 years and older, but Census disability data is not available at this level of detail 2 Total population 65+ years = 4,739 Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF 3, PCT26 According to the 2000 CHAS data, 40 percent of elderly renter - occupied households and 17.5 percent of elderly owner- occupied households experience overpayment. The increasing number of elderly persons in the population is creating a demand for more affordable housing. The City will address the needs of the elderly population through the development of policies and programs that will address affordability and special design guidelines for the elderly. Table 2 -35 provides a summary of housing problems experienced by elderly households per income category. 2 -25 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -35 Housing Problems' for Elderly Households 2000 N otes: ' "Housing problems" is defined as any occupied housing units lacking a complete kitchen, lacking complete plumbing facilities, having more than 1.01 persons per room (overcrowded), or costing more than 30 percent of the occupant household income. a "Cost burden" is the percentage of household income spent on housing costs. Source: 2000 HUD CHAS data b. Large Households State housing law defines large households as households having five or more persons living within the same household. Large households are considered a special needs group because they require larger bedroom counts. In 2000, there were 1,164 households in Saratoga with at least five persons, representing 11 .1 percent of the total households in the City. Of the large households, 10.1 percent were owner- occupied and 1 percent was renter - occupied. 2 -26 Renters Owners Elderly Households- Household Income <_ 30% MFI 183 187 47.1% • with any Housing Problems 50.8% • Cost Burden > 30% 42.6% 47.1% • Cost Burden > 50% 15.3% 44.9% Elderly Households- Household Income > 30% to 5 50% MFI 30 237 • with any Housing Problems 73.3% 37.1% • Cost Burden > 30% 40% 37.1% • Cost Burden > 50% 13.3% 35.4% Elderly Households- Household Income > 50% to <_ 80% MFI 14 144 % with any Housing Problems 0% 34% % Cost Burden > 30% 0% 34% % Cost Burden > 50% 0% 17.4% Elderly Households- Household Income > 80% MFI 33 2,079 % with any Housing Problems 42.4% 11.5% % Cost Burden > 30% 42.4% 11.5% % Cost Burden > 50% 30.3% 5% Total Elderly Households 260 2,647 • with any Housing Problems 49.6% 17.5% • Cost Burden > 30% 40% 17.5% • Cost Burden > 50% 1 16.2%1 11.2% N otes: ' "Housing problems" is defined as any occupied housing units lacking a complete kitchen, lacking complete plumbing facilities, having more than 1.01 persons per room (overcrowded), or costing more than 30 percent of the occupant household income. a "Cost burden" is the percentage of household income spent on housing costs. Source: 2000 HUD CHAS data b. Large Households State housing law defines large households as households having five or more persons living within the same household. Large households are considered a special needs group because they require larger bedroom counts. In 2000, there were 1,164 households in Saratoga with at least five persons, representing 11 .1 percent of the total households in the City. Of the large households, 10.1 percent were owner- occupied and 1 percent was renter - occupied. 2 -26 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -36 Large Households by Tenure 2000 Number of Persons in Unit Owner- Occupied Households Renter - Occupied Households Total Households Five 783 70 853 Six 236 37 273 Seven or more 38 0 38 Total 1 1,057 1 107 1 1,164 Percent of Total Households 1 10.1% 1 1.0% 1 11.1% Note: ' Total Households = 10,464 Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF 3, H 17 According to the 2000 CHAS data, 8.2 percent of large renter - occupied households and 40.8 percent of large owner- occupied households experience overpayment. Table 2 -37 provides a summary of housing problems experienced by large households in the City of Saratoga. Table 2 -37 Housing Problems' for Large Households 2000 2 -27 Renters Owners Large Households- Household Income <_ 30% MFI 0 34 • with any Housing Problems N/A 88.2% • Cost Burden > 30% N/A 88.2% • Cost Burden > 50% N/A 88.2% Large Households- Household Income > 30% to <_ 50% MFI 0 28 • with any Housing Problems N/A 100% • Cost Burden > 30% N/A 100% • Cost Burden > 50% N/A 28.6% Large Households- Household Income > 50% to <_ 80% MFI 10 20 % with any Housing Problems 0% 100% % Cost Burden > 30% 0% 100% % Cost Burden > 50% 0% 100% Large Households- Household Income > 80% MFI 87 963 with any Housing Problems 36.8% 38.7% % Cost Burden > 30% 9.2% 36.1% 2 -27 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -37 Housing Problems' for Large Households 2000 Renters Owners % Cost Burden > 50% 0% 11.8% Total Large Households 97 1,045 % with any Housing Problems 33% 43.2% % Cost Burden > 30% 8.2% 40.8% % Cost Burden > 50% 1 0%1 16.5% Notes: ' "Housing problems" is defined as any occupied housing units lacking a complete kitchen, lacking complete plumbing facilities, having more than 1.01 persons per room (overcrowded), or costing more than 30 percent of the occupant household income. 2 "Cost burden" is the percentage of household income spent on housing costs. Source: 2000 HUD CHAS data c. Female- Headed Households Female- headed households are a special needs group due to comparatively low rates of homeownership, lower incomes and high poverty rates experienced by this group. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, there were 195 female- headed households with children and 248 female- headed households without children in Saratoga. Of the total female- headed households in the City, 88.3 percent were owner- occupied and 11.7 percent were renter - occupied. Table 2 -38 shows the number of female- headed households by tenure in 2000. M Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -38 Female- Headed Households by Tenure 2000 Notes: ' Total Households = 10,464 Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF 3, HCT1 As shown in Table 2 -39, in 2000, 50 of the female- headed households in Saratoga were below poverty level, accounting for 11 percent of the City's female - headed households. Of those below poverty level, 86 percent had children under age 18. 2 -29 Owner - Occupied Renter - Occupied Total Households Households Households Householder Age Number % of Owner- Number % of Renter- Number % of Total Occupied Occupied Households Households Households ' Female householder, no husband present, 166 42.5% 29 55.8% 195 1.9% with own children under 18 years Female householder, no husband present, 225 57.5% 23 44.2% 248 2.4% without own children Total 391 100% 52 100% 443 4.2% Notes: ' Total Households = 10,464 Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF 3, HCT1 As shown in Table 2 -39, in 2000, 50 of the female- headed households in Saratoga were below poverty level, accounting for 11 percent of the City's female - headed households. Of those below poverty level, 86 percent had children under age 18. 2 -29 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -39 Poverty in Female- Headed Households 2000 Household Type Below Poverty Level Above Poverty Level Number % of Household Number % of Type' Household Type' Female householder, no husband present, with own 43 20.9% 163 79.1% children under 18 years Female householder, no husband present, without 7 2.8% 242 97.2% own children Total 50 11.0% 405 89.0% Notes: ' Total female- headed households, no husband present, with own children under 18 years = 206; Total female- headed households, no husband present, without own children = 249; Total female- headed households = 455 Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF 3, P90 d. Persons with Disabilities Access and affordability are the primary challenges for persons with disabilities. Access, both within the home and to /from the home site, is important for the persons with disabilities. This often requires specially designed dwelling units. Additionally, housing locations near public facilities and public transit are important for this special needs group. The U.S. Census Bureau provides information on the number of persons with disabilities of varying types and degrees. Table 2 -40 shows the number of Saratoga residents in 2000 with disabilities over the age of 5. According to the U.S. Census, 5.7 percent of Saratoga residents reported having one type of disability and 3.7 percent had two or more types of disability in 2000. 2 -30 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -40 Persons Reporting Disabilities 2000 Notes: ' Total 5 -15 year olds = 5,321; Total 16 -20 year olds = 1,529; Total 21 -64 year olds = 16,478; Total 65+ year olds = 4,739; Total population = 28,067 Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF 3, PCT26 Table 2 -41 provides a summary of housing problems experienced by households with mobility and self -care limitations in the City of Saratoga. According to the 2000 CHAS data, 21.9 percent of the total number of households with mobility and self -care limitations experience some sort of housing problem. As previously stated, these problems include overpayment, overcrowding and /or lack of complete kitchen facilities and plumbing systems. Table 2 -41 Housing Problems' for Households with Mobility and Self -Care Limitation 2000 With One Type of Disability With Two or More Types of Disability Total with Disabilities Age Group Number % of Age Group' Number % of Age Group' Number % of Age Group' 5 -15 years 109 2.0% 22 0.4% 131 2.5% 16 -20 years 59 3.9% 24 1.6% 83 5.4% 21 -64 years 723 4.4% 479 2.9% 11202 7.3% 65+ years 699 14.7% 517 10.9% 1,216 25.7% Total 5+ ears 1,590 5.7% 1,042 3.7% 2,632 9.4% Notes: ' Total 5 -15 year olds = 5,321; Total 16 -20 year olds = 1,529; Total 21 -64 year olds = 16,478; Total 65+ year olds = 4,739; Total population = 28,067 Source: U.S. Census 2000 SF 3, PCT26 Table 2 -41 provides a summary of housing problems experienced by households with mobility and self -care limitations in the City of Saratoga. According to the 2000 CHAS data, 21.9 percent of the total number of households with mobility and self -care limitations experience some sort of housing problem. As previously stated, these problems include overpayment, overcrowding and /or lack of complete kitchen facilities and plumbing systems. Table 2 -41 Housing Problems' for Households with Mobility and Self -Care Limitation 2000 2 -31 Renters Owners Extra Elderly All Total Extra Elderly All Total Total Elderly' Other Renters Elderly' Other Owners House - House House holds -holds -holds Household 70 15 14 99 29 20 14 63 162 Income :5 30% MFI 50% 12.7% 42% % with any 100% 71.4% 60.6% 13.8% 0% 28.6% Housing Problems 2 -31 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -41 Housing Problems' for Households with Mobility and Self -Care Limitation 2000 Notes: "Extra elderly" is defined as 1 or 2 persons with either person 75 years or over. s "Elderly" is defined as 1 or 2 persons with either person 62 to 74 years. s "Housing problems" is defined as any occupied housing units lacking a complete kitchen, lacking complete plumbing facilities, having more than 1.01 persons per room (overcrowded), or costing more than 30 percent of the occupant household income. Source: 2000 HUD CHAS data 2 -32 Renters Owners Extra Elderly2 All Total Extra Elderly2 All Total Total Elderly' Other Renters Elderly' Other Owners House - House House holds -holds 14 63 -holds 81 Household 0 14 0 0 4 67 Income > 30% to <_ 50% MFI % with any N/A 71.4% N/A 71.4% 22.2% N/A 100% 26.9% 34.6% Housing Problems Household 10 0 0 10 14 10 4 28 38 Income > 50% to <_ 80% MA % with any 0% N/A N/A 0% 0% 100% 100% 50% 36.8% Housing Problems Household 0 4 25 29 219 158 394 771 800 Income > 80% MFI % with any N/A 100% 40% 48.3% 0% 18.4% 21.3% 14.7% 15.9% Housing Problems Total 80 33 39 152 325 188 416 929 1,081 Households % with any 43.8% 87.9% 51.3% 55.3% 5.5% 20.7% 23.1% 16.5% 21.9% Housing Problems Notes: "Extra elderly" is defined as 1 or 2 persons with either person 75 years or over. s "Elderly" is defined as 1 or 2 persons with either person 62 to 74 years. s "Housing problems" is defined as any occupied housing units lacking a complete kitchen, lacking complete plumbing facilities, having more than 1.01 persons per room (overcrowded), or costing more than 30 percent of the occupant household income. Source: 2000 HUD CHAS data 2 -32 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis e. Homeless Population Enumeration of the homeless population is difficult because of the transient nature of this population and the existence of "hidden homeless" or persons that move around in temporary housing situations. In 2007, the County of Santa Clara conducted the Santa Clara County Homeless Count and Survey. The survey involved the reporting of occupancies from shelters and institutions, emergency shelters, transitional housing programs, hotels and motels that accept vouchers, rehabilitation facilities, hospitals and jails. The point -in -time count estimated that there were 7,202 homeless persons throughout Santa Clara County. Santa Clara County has approximately 26 emergency shelters, providing close to 1,000 beds year round, with an additional 300 beds available during the winter months (November through March). There are also 1,200 transitional housing beds throughout the County that offer a combination of stable housing and intensive, targeted support services for the mentally ill, those with chronic substance abuse, developmental disabilities, and other factors that prevent the homeless from returning to permanent housing situations. There are currently no shelters located in Saratoga. The City's Sheriff's Department has determined that there are no homeless persons within the City of Saratoga. f. Farm Workers Farm workers are defined as persons whose primary incomes are earned through seasonal agricultural work. In 2000, at most 18 persons, comprising less than 1 percent of Saratoga's labor force, were employed in agriculture. It is assumed that only a small percentage of persons employed in this industry are involved in active agricultural production and harvest. Therefore, there is no apparent or recognized need for farmworker housing. g. Extremely Low- Income Households Extremely Low- Income households are defined as households earning 30 percent or less of the MR. In accordance with Chapter 891, Statutes of 2006 (AB 2634), cities must quantify the existing and projected Extremely Low- Income households and analyze their needs. In 2000, 8.2 percent of total households in the City were Extremely Low- Income households. Table 2 -42 summarizes the Extremely Low- Income households with housing problems. Approximately 59.2 percent of Extremely Low- Income households experience overpayment and 61.5 percent have at least one type of housing problem. 2 -33 Chapter 2: Housing Needs Analysis Table 2 -42 Extremely -Low Income Households With Housing Problems' 2000 Housing Problem Renters Owners Total Extremely Low- Income Households Percent with any housing problems 52% 66.6% 61.5% Percent with cost burden' >30% 45.3% 66.6% 59.2% Percent with cost burden' > 50% 1 23.1% 1 65.6% 1 50.9% Notes: ' "Housing problems" is defined as any occupied housing units lacking a complete kitchen, lacking complete plumbing facilities, having more than 1.01 persons per room (overcrowded), or costing more than 30 percent of the occupant household income. 2 "Cost burden" is the percentage of household income spent on housing costs. Source: 2000 HUD CHAS data Housing types to accommodate the needs of Extremely Low- Income households include transitional and supportive housing, single room occupancy units (SRO's), multi - family rental housing, factory-built housing, workforce housing and mobile homes. 2 -34 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Chapter 3 Housing Constraints and Resources A. Governmental Constraints and Resources Governmental constraints are policies, standards, requirements and actions regulated by various levels of government upon land and housing ownership and development. These regulations may include various building codes, land use controls, growth management measures, development fees, processing and permit procedures, and site improvement requirements. While state and federal agencies play a role in imposing constraints on the development and provision of housing, they are beyond the influence of local government and are, therefore, not addressed in this analysis. Governmental resources include programs that provide funds for housing - related activities, as well as, incentives provided by the local jurisdiction for the provision of housing. 1. Land Use Controls Land use controls include General Plan policies, zoning designations (and the resulting allowed uses, development standards, and permit processing requirements), and development fees. a. General Plan As required by state law, every city in California must have a General Plan, which establishes policy guidelines for all development within the city. The General Plan is the foundation of all land use controls in a jurisdiction. The Land Use Element of the General Plan identifies the location, distribution, and density of the land uses within the City. The Saratoga General Plan land use densities are expressed per net area, which is generally defined as the remaining portion of the gross site area after deducting portions within the right -of -way of existing or future public or private streets, easements, quarries, or areas that are classified by the City Geologist as "Md" or "Mrf." Residential densities are expressed in dwelling units per net acre (du /ac) and are limited by the maximum intensity of building and impervious site coverage. The City of Saratoga General Plan identifies six residential land use designations and two open space designations that permit residential uses. In addition, residential uses are allowed by use permit in commercial districts within the City. Table 3 -1 summarizes Saratoga's residential land use designations by total acre, permitted density ranges, and maximum intensity of building and impervious surface coverage. 3 -1 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -1 General Plan Residential Land Use Designations 3 -2 Maximum Intensity of Existing Permitted Building and Impervious Designation Description Acreage Density Surface Coverage Residential Single- family dwellings, 1,680 0.5 du /ac 15,000 square feet or 25 Hillside horticultural and percent of the site area, Conservation agricultural use, and which ever is less accessory uses compatible with single- family dwellings. Residential Single- family dwellings, 1,920 1.09 du /ac 35 percent of the site area Very Low horticultural and Density agricultural use, and accessory uses compatible with single- family dwellings. Residential Single- family dwellings, 343 2.18 du /ac 45 percent of the site area Low Density horticultural and agricultural use, and accessory uses compatible with single- family dwellings. Medium Single- family dwellings, 2,093 50 - 60 percent of the site Density horticultural and 4.35 du /ac area M -10 agricultural use, and 3.48 du /ac M -12.5 accessory uses 2.90 du /ac M -15 compatible with single- family dwellings. Residential Detached and attached 83 14.5 du /ac 40 percent of the site area Multi - Family single - family dwellings, such as condominiums, duplexes, and apartments, as well as, horticultural and agricultural use, and accessory uses compatible with single- family dwellings. Planned Mix of single - family and 4 4.35- 25 - 35 percent of the site Development multi - family densities 12.45 area Residential and housing types. du /ac 3 -2 Table 3 -1 General Plan Residential Land Use Designations 3 -3 Maximum Intensity of Existing Permitted Building and Impervious Designation Description Acreage Density Surface Coverage Open Space Orchard lands, water 92 1 du /4 No requirements Outdoor reservoirs, and lands acres Recreation under Williamson Act Contracts. Only single - family dwellings or structures directly associated with agricultural use. Hillside Open Covers all areas within 99 1 du /20 25 percent or 12,000 Space Saratoga's Sphere of acres to square feet, whichever is less Influence (SOI) not 1 dull 60 designated as park or acres Open Space Outdoor (based on a Recreation. Agricultural slope use, mineral extraction, density parks and low intensity formula recreational facilities, subject to land in its natural state, stringent wildlife refuges, and very criteria) low intensity residential development and support uses of those listed above. Commercial Commercial uses /centers 80 The residential portion shall Retail serving community not exceed 50 percent of the and /or neighborhood; Maximum total floor area, with an not regional in intensity of increase of 10 percent of the orientation. Residential building total floor area permitted for uses allowed by use coverage is the site, for projects that permit. 0.60 of net provide below market rate site area. housing. Total site coverage may also increase by 10 percent for a project containing below market - rate housing. 3 -3 Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -1 General Plan Residential Land Use Designations Designation Description Existing Acreage Permitted Density Maximum Intensity of Building and Impervious Surface Coverage Professional Professional offices; 34 The residential portion shall and serves as a transition not exceed 50 percent of the Administrative zone between Maximum total floor area, with an Office commercial and intensity of increase of 10 percent of the residential areas. building total floor area permitted for Residential uses allowed coverage is the site, for projects that by use permit. 0.30 of net provide below market rate site area. housing. Total site coverage may also increase by 10 percent for a project containing below market - rate housing. 5ource: City of 5aratoga General Plan As of January 2008, the State Department of Finance (DOF) reports that 11,093 dwelling units exist in Saratoga. Depending on land costs, certain densities are needed to make a housing project economically feasible for people at various income levels. According to the State of California, the densities identified below are generally sufficient to accommodate construction affordable to specific income levels. • Extremely Low -, Very Low -, and Low- Income: 20 dwelling units per acre minimum • Moderate - Income: 1 1 -20 dwelling units per acre minimum • Above Moderate - Income: Up to 1 1 dwelling units per acre In addition to the generally accepted densities, Assembly Bill 2348 established "default" density standards. If a local government has adopted density standards consistent with the established population criteria, sites with those density standards are accepted as appropriate for accommodating the jurisdiction's share of regional housing need for lower- income households. Pursuant to AB 2348, Saratoga is considered a "suburban" jurisdiction with a "default" density of 20 dwelling units per acre. b. Zoning Code The Zoning Code is the primary tool for implementing the General Plan. Its purpose is to protect and promote public health, safety, and welfare. Additionally, it serves to promote 3 -4 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources quality design and quality of life. The City of Saratoga's residential zoning designations control both the use and development standards of each residential parcel, thereby influencing the development of housing. Table 3 -2 summarizes permitted residential uses in agricultural, residential, professional and administrative office, and commercial districts. Single- family residential zoning includes eight districts: A, R -1- 40,000, R -1- 20,000, R -1- 15,000, R -1- 12,500, R -1- 10,000, HR, and R -OS. Single- family units are permitted as a matter of right in all single - family residential districts. Multi- family residential zoning consists of the R -M- 5,000, R -M- 4,000, and the R -M -3,000 districts. Multi- family and single - family dwellings are permitted by right in the R -M districts. Mixed residential /commercial uses are permitted in the Professional and Administrative Office (P -A) and Commercial (C -N, C -V, CH -1, CH- 2) districts subject to conformance with the mixed -use development standards specified in Article 15 -58 of the zoning code and approval of a use permit. 3 -5 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -2 Primary Uses - Residential Zones Zone Single- Family Dwelling P Multi - Family Dwelling_ Second Dwelling Units A P R -1- 40,000 P - P R -1- 20,000 P -- P R -1- 15,000 P -- P R -1- 12,500 P -- P R -1- 10,000 P -- P HR P -- P R -OS P. -- -- R -M -5,000 P P -- R -M -4,000 P P -- R -M -3,000 P P -- P-A C C -- C-N C C -- C-V C C -- CH -1 C C -- CH-2 C C -- P= Permitted by Right C= Conditional Use Permit Required Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Regulations Chapter 15 Table 3 -3 summarizes the single - family residential zoning designations and their requirements. Table 3 -4 summarizes the multi - family residential designations and requirements. Table 3 -5 summarizes the requirements for mixed -use development. Based on residential units approved and constructed complying with these standards, the City has determined minimum and maximum lot coverage standards, maximum building height standards and setback standards do not unreasonably impact the cost and supply of housing nor the ability of projects to achieve maximum densities. 3 -6 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources The City of Saratoga is currently comprised of mostly single - family residential units; as such there are no recent multi - family housing projects to provide an analysis of the impacts of these development standards on multi - family development. However, to address any impacts in the future, the City will ensure that development standards in the newly established zoning district (refer to Appendix B, Table B -5) will not be a constraint to the development of multi - family housing. 3 -7 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -3 Summary of Residential Zoning Requirements Zone Minimum Lot Area Maximum Lot Coverage Maximum Building Height Minimum Front Yard Setback Minimum Side Yard Setback' Minimum Rear Yard Setback A 10% or less sloe 5.00 acres 25% or 15,000 sq. ft., whichever is less 26 feet (two stories) 30 feet or o 20% of the lot depth, whichever is greater 20 feet or ten percent of the lot width whichever is greater 50 feet for single -story structures, 60 feet for multi -story structures, or 25/0 of the lot depth, whichever is greater 11% 5.20 acres 12% 5.40 acres 13% 5.60 acres 14% 5.80 acres 15% 6.00 acres 16% 6.40 acres 17% 6.80 acres 18% 7.20 acres 19% 7.60 acres 20% 8.00 acres 21% 8.60 acres 22% 9.20 acres 23% 9.80 acres 24% 10.40 acres 25% 11.00 acres 26% 11.80 acres 27% 12.60 acres 28% 13.40 acres Table 3 -3 Summary of Residential Zoning Requirements 3 -9 Maximum Maximum Minimum Lot Building Front Yard Zone Minimum Lot Area Coverage Height Setback Minimum Side Yard Setback Minimum Rear Yard Setback 29% 14.20 acres 30% 15.00 acres 31% 16.00 acres 32% 17.00 acres 33% 18.00 acres 34% 19.00 acres 35% or 20.00 acres more Interior lots ft Corner lots (ft) Interior lots3 (ft) Corner lots (ft) R -1- 40,00 0 40,000 sq. ft. interior lot 48,000 sq. ft. corner lot 40,000 sq. ft. flag lot 40,000 sq. ft. hillside lot 35 percent2 26 feet (two stories)' 30 feet 1 st floor 2 nd floor 1 st floor 2nd floor 1 st floor 2 nd floor 1 st floor 2 nd floor 20 25 20 int. 25 25 int. 30 50 60 20 20 ext. ext. R -1- 20,00 20,000 sq. ft. interior lot 24,000 sq. ft. corner lot 45 percent2 26 feet (two 30 feet Interior lots ft Corner lots (ft) Interior lots (ft) Corner lots (ft) 15, 2nd 1 2nd 1 Si 2nd 1 s, 2nd 0 20,000 sq. ft. flag lot stories)' 40,000 sq. ft. hillside lot floor I floor floor I floor floor I floor floor floor 3 -9 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -3 Summary of Residential Zoning Requirements 3 -10 Maximum Maximum Minimum Lot Building Front Yard Zone Minimum Lot Area Coverage Height Setback Minimum Side Yard Setback' Minimum Rear Yard Setback 15 20 15 20 25 30 35 45 15 15 ext. ext. Interior lots R Corner lots (ft) Interior lots (ft) Corner lots (ft) 15,000 sq. ft. interior lot feet 1 St 2nd 1 st 2nd 1 St 2nd 1 St 2nd 15 105,00 18,000 sq. ft. corner lot 50 (t 25 feet floor floor floor floor floor floor floor floor 12 17 20,000 sq. ft. flag lot percent2 stories)' ) es ' 40,000 sq. ft. hillside lot int. int. 12 17 25 30 30 40 12 12 ext. ext. Interior lots ft Corner lots (ft) Interior lots (ft) Corner lots (ft) 1 St 2nd 1 St 2nd 1 St 2nd 1 St 2nd 12,500 sq. ft. interior lot floor floor floor floor floor floor floor floor R -1- 15,000 sq. ft. corner lot feet 12,50 20,000 sq. ft. flag lot pe rcent z pe (two 25 feet 10 15 0 40,000 sq. ft. hillside lot stories)' 10 15 int. int. 25 35 10 10 25 30 ext. ext. 3 -10 Table 3 -3 Summary of Residential Zoning Requirements 3-11 Maximum Maximum Minimum Lot Building Front Yard Zone Minimum Lot Area Coverage Height Setback Minimum Side Yard Setback' Minimum Rear Yard Setback Interior lots ft Corner lots (ft) Interior lots (ft) Corner lots (ft) R -1- 10,000 sq. ft. interior lot 26 feet 15' 2nd 1 S1 2nd 1 St 2nd 1 St 2nd 10 00 12,000 sq. ft. corner lot 60 (two 25 feet floor floor floor floor floor floor floor floor 10 15 0 ' 20,000 sq. ft. flag lot percentz stories ) ' 40,000 sq. ft. hillside lot int. int. 10 15 25 30 25 35 10 10 ext. ext. 30 feet' 2 acres for 0 or less 25 percent or feet or 20 fee ts 50 feet (single -story structure) average slope 15 000 (two (t 30 feet or 60 feet (multi -story structure) HR sq. ft., stories) ' 20% of the 20 feet interior and 25 feet or 10 acres for 50% whichever lot depth, exterior or 10% of lot width, 25% of lot depth, whichever is averageslope4 is less whichever whichever is greater greater is greater b 20 acres for 10% or less 25 50 feet average slope percent or two single story ry 0 feet interior (single- story) R -OS 12,000 stories 7,9 50 feet exterior (single -story) 100 feet (single -story) 180 acres for 50% or sq. ft., 70 feet 60 feet interior (two -story) 120 feet (two -story) more average slopes whichever 70 feet exterior (two -story) is less two -story 3-11 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -3 Summary of Residential Zoning Requirements Notes 'Exceptions may be granted in accordance with Article 15 -55 of the Zoning Code for parcels exceeding 20.000 sq. ft. 2For any non - conforming site, the requirements provided in Section 15- 65.160 of the Zoning Code applies to the site. 'Setback areas for flag lots are determined according to Section 15- 06.430(a) of the Zoning Code. °Minimum net site area depends on average slope, as identified in Section 15 -13 -060 of the Zoning Code. 'Excluding vacant lots and lots created after May 15, 1992. 6Vocant lots and lots created after May 15, 1992. 'No structure shall extend to an elevation within eight feet from the top of the nearest adjacent major ridge that does not have tree cover. No structure shall extend to an elevation more than 12 feet above the nearest adjacent minor ridge that does not have dense tree cover. 'Minimum net site area depends on average slope, as identified in Section 15 -20 -060 of the Zoning Code. 9A structure not limited by the provisions of note 7 above, shall not exceed 22 feet; however, the Planning Commission may grant up to four feet of additional height. Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Regulations, Chapter 15 3 -12 Maximum Maximum Minimum Lot Building Front Yard Zone Minimum Lot Area Coverage Height Setback Minimum Side Yard Setback' Minimum Rear Yard Setback Notes 'Exceptions may be granted in accordance with Article 15 -55 of the Zoning Code for parcels exceeding 20.000 sq. ft. 2For any non - conforming site, the requirements provided in Section 15- 65.160 of the Zoning Code applies to the site. 'Setback areas for flag lots are determined according to Section 15- 06.430(a) of the Zoning Code. °Minimum net site area depends on average slope, as identified in Section 15 -13 -060 of the Zoning Code. 'Excluding vacant lots and lots created after May 15, 1992. 6Vocant lots and lots created after May 15, 1992. 'No structure shall extend to an elevation within eight feet from the top of the nearest adjacent major ridge that does not have tree cover. No structure shall extend to an elevation more than 12 feet above the nearest adjacent minor ridge that does not have dense tree cover. 'Minimum net site area depends on average slope, as identified in Section 15 -20 -060 of the Zoning Code. 9A structure not limited by the provisions of note 7 above, shall not exceed 22 feet; however, the Planning Commission may grant up to four feet of additional height. Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Regulations, Chapter 15 3 -12 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -4 Summary of Multiple Family Residential Zoning Requirements Notes: 'Does not apply to a structure located within the Village which is found by the approving authority to be compatible with existing structures and the natural environment. 2For any non - conforming site, the requirements of Section 15.65.160 applies to the site. 3A side setback area of more that 25 feet shall not be required, and a side setback area of less than ten feet from the applicable side lot line shall not be permitted, subject to the following exceptions: (1) the exterior side setback area of a corner lot shall not be less than 15 feet from the exterior side lot line (2) one foot shall be added to an interior side setback area for each two feet of height or fraction thereof by which a portion of a structure within 30 of the side lot lone for such setback area exceeds 14 feet in height provided that an interior side setback area of more than 25 feet from the interior side lot line shall not be required. Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Regulations, Chapter 15 3 -13 Minimum Lot Area Minimum Minimum S • Ft Maximum Lot Maximum Front Yard Minimum Side Rear Yard Interior Lot Corner Lot Zone Coverage Building Height Setback' Yard Setback' Setback' R -M -5,000 10,000 11,000 40 percent 30 feet or two stories' 25 feet 10% of site width3 25 feet R -M -4,000 12,000 14,000 40 percent 30 feet or two stories 25 feet 10% 3 of site width 25 feet R -M -3,000 12,000 14,000 40 percent 30 feet or two stories 25 feet 10% 3 of site width 25 feet Notes: 'Does not apply to a structure located within the Village which is found by the approving authority to be compatible with existing structures and the natural environment. 2For any non - conforming site, the requirements of Section 15.65.160 applies to the site. 3A side setback area of more that 25 feet shall not be required, and a side setback area of less than ten feet from the applicable side lot line shall not be permitted, subject to the following exceptions: (1) the exterior side setback area of a corner lot shall not be less than 15 feet from the exterior side lot line (2) one foot shall be added to an interior side setback area for each two feet of height or fraction thereof by which a portion of a structure within 30 of the side lot lone for such setback area exceeds 14 feet in height provided that an interior side setback area of more than 25 feet from the interior side lot line shall not be required. Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Regulations, Chapter 15 3 -13 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -5 Summary of Mixed -Use Development Standards' Maximum Density Location of Dwelling Units Floor Area Maximum Lot Coverage Maximum Building Height Dwelling units shall not comprise more than 50 percent of the total floor area of Either on the all buildings on the site. The maximum Overall site coverage may be 20 dwelling second floor or floor area may be increased by ten increased up to ten percent for units per net at the rear of the percent for projects providing below projects containing deed restricted 26 feet acre parcel. market rate housing. below market rate housing units. 850 sq. ft. for a one bedroom unit to 1,250 for a two- bedroom unit Notes: 'The residential component of a mixed -use oroiect shall be rental. Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Regulations, Chapter 15 c. Parking Requirements Table 3 -6 summarizes the residential parking requirements in Saratoga. Parking requirements do not constrain the development of housing directly. However, parking requirements may reduce the amount of available lot areas for residential development. 3 -14 Housing Constraints and Resources Type of Residential Development Table 3 -6 Residential Parking Requirements Required Parking Spaces Single Family Dwelling (excluding Two covered spaces within a garage. second dwelling units Second Dwelling Unit One covered space with a garage, except as otherwise provided in Article 15 -56 of the Zoning Code. Multi - Family Dwellings One covered space within a garage for each dwelling unit, plus one and one -half additional spaces on the site for each dwelling unit; provided, however, for housing developments occupied exclusively by seniors, the required parking shall be one covered space within a garage for each dwelling unit plus one -half additional space on the site for each dwelling unit. Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Regulations, Chapter 15, Article 15 -35 3 -15 Housing Constraints and Resources d. Planned Community District The intent of the Planned Community District (P -C) is to achieve the objectives of the Zoning Ordinance through the development of a residential community primarily for a common green development or for persons desiring smaller residences or dwelling units than economically feasible under existing zoning districts, and which combines a number of uses in order to develop a living environment in conformity with the General Plan. The Planned Community District may include a combination of single or multiple dwelling uses together with ancillary uses of recreational centers, social halls, restaurants, medical centers and other related facilities. The P -C district allows single - family, two- family, or three - family dwellings or a combination thereof, together with all other permitted uses in either an R -1 district or an R -M district, depending on which underlying district it is combined with (R -1 or R -M). The dwelling units shall be single -story unless otherwise approved by the Planning Commission. In addition, community centers, private recreational centers, social halls, lodges, clubs, restaurants, and medical centers to be used by the residents and their guests are allowed. Standards for site area and dimensions, site coverage, density of dwelling units, setback areas, types of structures, etc. shall in the aggregate be at least equivalent to the standards prescribed by the regulations of the district that the Planned Community District is combined with. Any P -C area shall contain a common green unless specifically waived by the Planning Commission. 2. Density Bonus Ordinance In order to encourage the construction of affordable housing developments for Very Low - and Low- Income households, and in accordance with Chapter 4.3 Section 65915 et. seq. of the California Government Code, the City of Saratoga has adopted a Density Bonus Ordinance (Article 15 -81 of the Zoning Code). Upon receipt from the applicant, the City reviews an application requesting a density bonus or incentive or concession. The Community Development Director has 90 days from receipt of the application to notify the applicant in writing regarding the status of the application. If the housing development is proposed as part of a planned community district, the density bonus and incentive(s) are considered by the Planning Commission and City Council with the accompanying rezoning. If the housing development is not proposed as a planned community development district, the request is processed as part of the design review approval process. Prior to the issuance of a building permit for any dwelling unit in a development that a density bonus has been awarded for, the applicant shall enter into a written agreement with the City for the duration of the affordability. 3 -16 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources a. Density Bonus for Affordable Units in Mixed -Use Projects The City allows the residential portion of mixed -use projects (permitted to comprise 50 percent of total floor area of all buildings on the site) to increase by 10 percent for projects providing below market -rate rental housing. In addition, the total site coverage may also be increased by 10 percent for mixed -use projects containing deed restricted below market -rate housing units. b. Density Bonus for Second Dwelling Units A one -time 10 percent increase in site coverage and allowable floor area may be granted by the Community Development Director if a new second dwelling unit is deed restricted so that it may only be rented to below market rate (very-low, low, and moderate income) households. c. Reduced Parking Standards The garage requirement for a second dwelling unit may be waived if the second dwelling unit is deed restricted so that it may only be rented to below market rate (very-low, low, and moderate income) households. 3. Institutional Facilities and Nursing Homes The City's Zoning Code defines an "Institutional facility' as a place, structure, or area operated by a public or private organization or agency, used for and providing educational, residential, or health care services to the community at large. The term includes residential developments and health care facilities operated by non - profit organizations and both public and private schools or colleges. The City's Zoning Code defines a "Nursing home" as a residential structure in which nursing, dietary, and other personal services are rendered to six or more convalescents, invalids, or elderly persons residing at the facility, an in which surgery or other medical treatment customarily given in hospitals is not performed. The City deems a convalescent home or rest home as a nursing home. Institutional facilities and nursing homes are permitted in all residential districts, except for the Residential Open Space District, as well as in the Professional and Administrative Office (P -A) district, subject to approval of a use permit. Institutional facilities are also permitted in the Commercial district, subject to approval of a use permit. 3 -17 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources 4. Emergency Shelters, Transitional Housing, and Single -Room Occupancy Units a. Emergency Shelters and Transitional Housing State Housing Law (SB 2) requires that cities identify sites that are adequately zoned for emergency shelters and transitional housing. Additionally, cities must not unduly discourage or deter these uses. The City of Saratoga currently does not include any specific standards or regulations pertaining to emergency shelters or transitional housing in its Municipal Code. The City's residential zoning does not list emergency shelters or transitional housing as a permitted use. However, the zoning ordinance states that the zoning ordinance and zoning map may be amended by changing the boundaries of any district or by reclassifying any area from one district to another, or by changing any regulation contained within the zoning ordinance, in accordance with the provisions set forth in Article 15 -85 of the zoning ordinance. The Ministries Association in the City of Saratoga provides a homeless shelter program which rotates among the membership churches. Santa Clara County has approximately 26 emergency shelters, providing close to 1,000 beds year- round, with an additional 300 beds available during the winter months (November through March). There are also over 1,200 transitional housing beds throughout the County that offer a combination of stable housing and intensive, targeted support services for the mentally ill, those with chronic substance abuse, developmental disabilities, and other factors that prevent the homeless from returning to permanent housing situations. Transitional housing includes both single site and "scattered site" programs. Table 3 -7 provides a summary of emergency shelters and transitional housing near the City of Saratoga. 3 -18 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -7 Homeless Facilities near Saratoga Facility Number of Name / Shelter Location Type of Facility Target Population Beds Sunnyvale Cold Weather Individuals 100 Winter Shelter Shelter West Valley Rotating Shelter Homeless shelter for single men that rotate Varies (10 Community Program/ from church to church on a monthly basis. to 25) Services Transitional Housing Transitional Housing Program owns and Program operates a housing complex for working homeless men, and homeless women with children. This very-low- income housing serves successful graduates of the shelter program and other qualified candidates from the community. Tenants receive case management and assistance to secure permanent housing. Administer the Below Market Rate (commonly known as BMR) program for the City of Cupertino. Low -cost home listings (Below Market Rate (BMR) housing); accepts BMR applications for both rentals and homeownership (Cupertino residents and those working in Cupertino receive priority) Total 125 Source: Community Technology Alliance Adequate Sites for Emergency Shelters/Transitional /Supportive Housing Pursuant to S62, jurisdictions with an unmet need for emergency shelters are required to identify a zone(s) where emergency shelters will be allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use permit or other discretionary permit. The identified zone(s) must have sufficient capacity to accommodate the shelter need, and at a minimum provide capacity for at least one year -round shelter. To address this requirement, a local government may amend an existing zoning district, establish a new zoning district or establish an overlay zone for existing zoning districts. 3 -19 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources To meet the requirements of SB 2, the City has determined that the commercial zoning districts (C -N, C -V and C -H zoning districts) within Saratoga are appropriate for the siting of emergency shelters. In addition to the application of the development standards of commercial zoning districts, the City can also specify written, objective standards to regulate the following aspects of emergency shelters to enhance compatibility: • The maximum number of beds or persons permitted to be served by the facility; • Off- street parking based on demonstrated need; • The size and location of exterior and interior onsite areas; • The provision of onsite management; • The proximity of other emergency shelters, provided that emergency shelters are not required to be more than 300 feet apart; • The length of stay; • Lighting; and • Security during hours that the emergency shelter is in operation. The City's commercial zoning districts accommodate a range of uses, including social services and retail uses. The zoning districts are also located along the City's major transportation corridor and contain adequate infrastructure. The City has determined that there are no environmental constraints that may have the potential to limit the development of emergency shelters or residential uses. There is approximately 15 acres of vacant land within the City's commercial zoning districts, with an average parcel size of 0.50 acres. Existing structures within the commercial zoning districts that can be adapted to meet the need for emergency shelters include one -story strip commercial buildings with few tenants. The commercial buildings in these zoning districts have an average square footage of 3,500 square feet and in 2009, the commercial vacancy rate in the City of Saratoga was 1 1 -13 percent. The development standards for the City's commercial zones are not unduly restrictive and do not diminish the capacity of the land in these zones to accommodate the shelter need. Table 3 -8 summarizes the development standards within the C -N, C -V and C -H zoning districts. Table 3 -8 Development Standards of Commercial Zoning Districts ic?wf] C -N C -V CH -1 CH -2 Lot 60% 60% 80% 60% Coverage Front Minimum 10 feet Minimum 10 feet No requirement Minimum 15 feet Setback ic?wf] Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Side No requirement Minimum 10 feet No requirement No requirement Setback Rear No requirement Minimum 30 feet No requirement No requirement Setback Height Maximum 20 feet Maximum 20 feet Maximum 35 feet Maximum 26 feet Limits Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Code b. Single Room Occupancy Units Single Room Occupancy (SRO) residences are small, one -room units occupied by a single individual, and may either have a shared or private kitchen and bathroom facilities. SROs are rented on a monthly basis typically without rental deposit, and can provide an entry point into the housing market for Extremely Low- Income individuals, formerly homeless, and disabled persons. Single -room occupancy units are not defined or included in the City's Municipal Code. As a result, this Housing Element will include a program to establish zoning districts and development regulations in the municipal code for the development of SROs. 5. Second Dwelling Units Second dwelling units provide additional opportunities to provide housing for people of all ages and economic levels, while preserving the integrity and character of single - family residential neighborhoods. The City of Saratoga permits second units in the A, R -1, and HR zones, provided certain requirements are met. Requirements for a second unit include: • Only one second dwelling unit is allowed on any one site; • Net site area shall not be less than the minimum prescribed for the district applicable to such lot; • Minimum total floor area of 400 square feet and maximum total floor area shall not exceed 1,250 square feet of living space, not including the garage (if the second dwelling unit has a basement, the area of the basement is included as part of the total maximum allowed); • A one -time ten percent increase in site coverage and allowable floor area may be granted by the Community Development Director if a new second dwelling unit is deed restricted so that it may only be rented to below market rate households; 3 -21 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources • Minimum of one off- street covered parking space within a garage. The garage requirement may be waived if the second dwelling unit is deed restricted so that it may only be rented to below market -rate households. If the garage requirement is waived, an open parking space must be provided; • Same driveway access to the street as the existing main dwelling; • The second dwelling unit and the main dwelling must be served by either a common entrance or a separate entrance to the second dwelling unit must be located on the side or at the rear of the main dwelling; • No more than two bedrooms; • Must match the existing main structure in color, materials, and architectural design; and, • One off- street parking space for an efficiency or one - bedroom unit and two spaces for a two- bedroom unit. 6. Housing for Persons with Disabilities The U.S. Census Bureau defines persons with disabilities as those with a long- lasting physical, mental, or emotional condition. This condition can make it difficult for a person to do activities such as walking, climbing stairs, dressing, bathing, learning, or remembering. This condition can also impede a person from being able to go outside the home alone or to work at a job or business. As a matter of State Law (SB 520), cities are now required to analyze potential and actual constraints upon the development, maintenance and improvement of housing for persons with disabilities, and demonstrate local efforts to remove governmental constraints that hinder the locality from meeting the need for housing for persons with disabilities. Cities are required to include programs that remove constraints and provide reasonable accommodations for housing designed for persons with disabilities. The City of Saratoga does not currently have a formal process for requesting reasonable accommodation. As a result, this Housing Element will include a program to establish a written and administrative reasonable accommodation procedure in the Municipal Code for providing exception for housing for persons with disabilities. a. Zoning and Other Land Use Regulations Ways in which the City of Saratoga facilitates housing for persons with disabilities through its regulatory and permitting procedures: • The City of Saratoga allows "institutional facilities" that provide "residential of health care services to the community at large" in all residential districts OVA Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources as well as in the Professional and Administrative Office (P -A) and Commercial (C) districts, subject to approval of a conditional use permit. • The City of Saratoga allows "nursing homes" for six or more "convalescents, invalids, or elderly persons" in all residential districts as well as in the Professional and Administrative Office (P -A) district, subject to approval of a conditional use permit. • The City defines family as "an individual or two or more persons occupying a dwelling unit and living together as a single housekeeping unit in which each occupant has access to all parts of the dwelling unit. A family shall be deemed to include necessary household help. The term shall not include a group of persons occupying a hotel, motel, bed and breakfast establishment, nursing home, or institution of any kind." This definition does not pose a constraint of the development of housing for persons with disabilities. • The City allows some variation from the application of its parking standards. Chapter 15- 35.020 of the Municipal Code would allow the Planning Commission or the Community Development Director to determine parking requirements for housing for persons with disabilities, based upon the requirements for comparable use and upon the particular characteristics of the use. • The Planning Commission may grant a use permit as applied for or in modified form if, on the basis of the application and the evidence submitted, the Commission makes all of the following findings: • That the proposed location of the conditional use is in accord with the objectives of the Zoning Ordinance and the purposes of the district in which the site is located. • That the proposed location of the conditional use and the conditions under which it would be operated or maintained will not be detrimental to the public health, safety or welfare, or materially injurious to properties or improvements in the vicinity. 7. Building Codes and Enforcement The intent of building and safety codes is to preserve public health and safety, and ensure the construction of safe and decent housing. These codes and standards also have the potential to increase the cost of housing construction or maintenance. a. Building Codes 3 -23 Housing Constraints and Resources The City of Saratoga has adopted the 2007 California Building Code, which is based on the 2006 International Building Code and establishes construction standards for all residential buildings. The City amends the Code as needed to further define requirements based on the unique local conditions. The Code is designed to protect the public health, safety and welfare of Saratoga's residents. Code enforcement in the City is performed proactively and on a complaint basis. b. Federal Fair Housing Act and Americans with Disabilities Act The federal Fair Housing Act of 1998 (FHA) and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) are federal laws intended to assist in providing safe and accessible housing. ADA provisions include requirements for a minimum percentage of units in new developments to be fully accessible for persons with physical disabilities. Compliance with these regulations may increase the cost of housing construction as well as the cost of rehabilitating older units, which may be required to comply with current codes. However, the enforcement of ADA requirements is not at the discretion of the City, but is mandated under federal law. 8. On and Off -Site Improvements On and off -site improvements may be required in conjunction with development based on the location of the project and existing infrastructure. Dedication and construction of streets, alleys and other public easements and improvements may be required to maintain public safety and convenience. The City's standards and requirements for streets, sidewalks, and other site improvements are found in the Municipal Code. Table 3 -9 summarizes the City's standards for roadway and right -of -way widths. 3 -24 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -9 Street Widths Notes: 'Total width between exterior curb faces or shoulder edges 2Required on 2 -lane thoroughfares in or adjacent to commercial or PA zoning districts to provide channelization for turning movements Source: City of Saratoga Municipal Code The on- and off -site improvements required by the City are necessary to adequately provide the infrastructure and public facilities that support housing development. These requirements ensure public safety and health; and are not jeopardized by increased development and do not unduly hinder housing development. 3 -25 Right -of -Way Width Type of Street in feet Pavement Width in feet' 6 -Lane Through -fare 120 104 (including 16 -foot median strip) 4 -Lane Divided Thorough-fare 100 80 (including 16 -foot median strip) 4 -Lane Undivided Thorough-fare 90 64 2 -Lane Thorough-fare 60; 842 40; 64 Frontage Road 30 (including 5 -foot 24 separator between main line right -of -way and nearest frontage road curb face Collector 60 40 Hillside 50 (plus slope 26 easements where necessary) Local Street (RM- 3,000; RM- 4,000; 56 36 RM -5,000 Local Street (R -1- 10,000; R -1- 50 36 12,500 Local Street R -1- 15,000 50 33 Local Street R -1- 40,000 50 26 Hillside Local Street 40 (plus slope 26 easements where necessary) Cul -de -Sac 50 33 Cul -de -Sac serving 12 lots or less 40 30 Cul -de -Sac, turnaround 42 radius 32 (radius) Minimum Access Street 20 18 Notes: 'Total width between exterior curb faces or shoulder edges 2Required on 2 -lane thoroughfares in or adjacent to commercial or PA zoning districts to provide channelization for turning movements Source: City of Saratoga Municipal Code The on- and off -site improvements required by the City are necessary to adequately provide the infrastructure and public facilities that support housing development. These requirements ensure public safety and health; and are not jeopardized by increased development and do not unduly hinder housing development. 3 -25 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources 9. Development Fees The Community Development Department of the City of Saratoga is self- funded. Various development and permit fees are charged by the City and other agencies to cover administrative processing costs associated with development. These fees ensure quality development and the provision of adequate services. Often times, development fees are passed through to renters and homeowners in the price /rent of housing, thus affecting the affordability of housing. Table 3 -10 compares the development fees in Saratoga with development fees of neighboring cities. Table 3 -11 summarizes the typical development fees for single - family and multi - family developments. Based on the residential projects constructed in Saratoga, the City has not found the development and permit fees to hinder the supply of housing. Table 3 -10 Comparative Development Fee Summary 2008 -2009 ___F_ Description Saratoga Cupertino Los Gatos Planning Initial -- -- -- Determination Negative Actual cost by consultant plus Major - $3,677 $1,713 ($3,500 deposit Declaration 10% surcharge for staff Minor - $1,838 for Initial Study) analysis and 25% surcharge for City's indirect cost EIR Processing Deposit determined by $23,901 Consultant's fee, plus Community Development review fee - $9,482 and Director. Actual cost charged 10% EIR Cost by consultant plus a 10% surcharge for staff analysis and a 25% surcharge for City's indirect cost Categorical -- $213 No fee Exemption [<01.1 Table 3 -10 Comparative Development Fee Summary 2008 -2009 Description Saratoga Cupertino Los Gatos General Plan Application for Election to Minor GPA Varies - typically 10 Amendment Amend the General Plan - authorization - percent of application fee Actual cost charged by $2,009; consultant plus a 10% Major GPA surcharge for staff analysis application - $6,260; and a 25% surcharge for Major GPA City's indirect costs. authorization - $4,019; General Plan Amendment Major GPA Requiring Election - application - $120 /hour; $12,519; $3,500 initial deposit plus costs of election as determined by the City Clerk per Resolution 96 -28 to be deposited with request for election Zone Change $120 /hour; Minor - $3,100; Without General Plan or $3,500 initial deposit Less than one acre - Specific Plan Amendment $6,200; - $4,195; One to five acres - With General Plan or $91425; Specific Plan Amendment Greater than five -$6,423 acres - $12,842 Tentative Tract Less Than 10 Lots - $13,662 Four lots or less - $5,469; Map $120 /hour; Five lots or more - $8,674 $5,000 initial deposit; 10 or More Lots - $120 /hour; $5,000 initial deposit plus $150 for each lot over 10; Subdivision Final Map - $120 /hour; $1,000 initial deposit 3 -27 Table 3 -10 Comparative Development Fee Summary 2008 -2009 Description Saratoga Cupertino Los Gatos Site Plan Review Administrative Design Review Planning Commission Development Review - $3,400; - $6,381; Committee Planning Commission Design Design Review Approval - Varies from Review - $5,200 Committee - $3,086 $5,114 to $1,380; Plan Check 65% of the building permit Varies Planning Commission fee Approval - Varies from Electrical $.10 / sq. ft. (minimum $78) $40.79 - permit; $1,998 to $5,128 Planned -- -- Varies from $7,014 to Development family $26,541 Review .08 /sq. ft. multi - family $.10 /sq. ft. new Conditional Use $120 /hour; Major Use Permit - $3,908 ($649 when Permits and Use Permit — Application $13,662; consolidated with another Variances Review (Planning Commission Minor Use Permit - application for new Review) $4,400; $6,381; Variance - development)/ Variance — Application $1,540 $2,874 Review- $2,700 Buildina Building $78 minimum up to $7,010 Varies Varies from $23.50 for up for the first $1,000,000 plus to $500 to $5,608.75 for $4.56 each additional the first $1,000,000 plus $1,000 or fraction thereof $3.15 for each additional $1,000 or fraction thereof Plan Check 65% of the building permit Varies 65% of building permit fee fee Electrical $.10 / sq. ft. (minimum $78) $40.79 - permit; $35 - permit; .07 /sq. ft. single- plan review fee 25% of family electrical permit fee; .08 /sq. ft. multi - family $.10 /sq. ft. new construction only 3 -28 Table 3 -10 Comparative Development Fee Summary 2008 -2009 Description Saratoga Cupertino Los Gatos Mechanical $.10 / sq. ft. (minimum $78) $40.79 - permit; $35 - permit; $500 for each additional lot .07 /sq. ft. single- plan review fee - 25% of family Mechanical Permit fee; .08 /sq. ft. multi - family $.10 /sq. ft. new construction only Plumbing $.10 / sq. ft. (minimum $78) $40.79 - permit; $35 - permit; .07 /sq. ft. single- plan review fee - 25% of family Plumbing Permit fee; Sewer Studies -- .08 /sq. ft. multi - family $.10 /sq. ft. new construction only SMIP -- -- For residential construction of three stories and less, the permit fee is $10.00 per $100,000. For all other construction, the permit fee is $21.00 per $100,000. Energy Addition to Residential -- -- Building - $200 New Residential Structure - $300 /unit Permit Issuance -- -- $35 Engineering and Subdivision Final Tract Map Tentative Subdivision Map - One to four lots - One to four lots - $2,600; $2,500 for the first lot and $3,638; Greater than five or more lots - $500 for each additional lot four lots - $7,553 $4,750.00 + 500.00 lot over four; map check done by Town's consultant - Consultant Cost plus 25% surcharge for reports, reviews, and processes. Sewer Studies -- -- -- 3 -29 Table 3 -10 Comparative Development Fee Summary 2008 -2009 Description Saratoga Cupertino Los Gatos Storm - -- Varies - $3,000 /ac to Drain/Water $3,600 /ac and $135 for Quality each additional unit (not to exceed $4,500 /ac) Street First $50,000 Estimated - Sidewalks - $16 per linear Improvement Construction Cost - $5,000 foot; Curb and Gutter - minimum charge $57 per linear foot Over $50,000 Estimated Construction Cost - $5,000 plus 5% of Estimated Construction Cost over $50,0002 Sewer First $50,000 Estimated -- -- Improvement Construction Cost - $5,000 minimum charge Over $50,000 Estimated Construction Cost - $5,000 plus 5% of Estimated Construction Cost over $50,000 Grading Less than 100 Cubic Yards - Greater of $2,239 $240; first $50,000 of $500; Over 100 Cubic Yards minimum or 6% of value 6% of estimated cost $500 for the first 100 cubic cost of improvement of improvements yards next $50,000 of value - plus $125 for each additional 4% of estimated cost 100 cubic yards or fraction of improvements. thereof; Plan Check Fee $530 Surface -- -- No change in impervious Drainage area - $50; Change in grading or impervious area $.10 sq ft with a $50.00 minimum Capital Facilities and Connections 3 -30 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -10 Comparative Development Fee Summary 2008 -2009 Description Saratoga Cupertino Los Gatos Water -- -- -- Sewer -- -- -- Traffic /Road $.77 per $100 of project $18 single permit; New residential - $.15 /sq. fees valuation additional utility ft. company $101; additional engineering investigation /coordi na tion - $57 /hr In -lieu Park $20,700 -- Based on $0.04 for each Facilities Fee square foot of building addition or alteration, which increases floor area of an existing building. School Facilities -- -- -- N otes: 'The Estimated Construction Cost shall be determined by the Public Works Director and shall be exclusive of the cost to construct public utility facilities where another public utility agency is collecting similar fees for such facilities. Eight or more residential units. a Less than eight residential units. Not listed in Fee Schedule Sources: City of Saratoga User Fee Schedule Fiscal Year 2008/2009; City of Cupertino Summary of User Fees, Resolution 08 -044, Fees effective July 1, 2008; Town of Los Gatos Comprehensive Fee Schedule FY 2008/2009; City of San Jose Planning Application Filing Fee Schedule, Effective August 18, 2008; and, San Jose Building and Structure Permits Fee Schedule, Effective August 18, 2008. 3 -31 Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -11 Typical Development Fees Comparison Single - Family and Multi - Family Development Fee New Single-Family' I New Multi-Family' Design Review $5,200 $5,200 Engineering Review $1,000 $1,000 Geotechnical Review (for Basement $4,350 N/A Arborist Review $2,500 $2,500 Environmental Review N/A $60,000 estimate Total 1 $13,050 1 $68,700 $13,740 per unit Notes: 'One single - family unit 2Based on an apartment development with 5 units Source: City of Saratoga 10. Local Processing and Permit Procedures Delays in development and building permit processing can be associated with considerable holding costs that may affect the price of housing. Table 3 -12 summarizes the approximate processing time for development applications. Because the City processes permits concurrently, projects that require a use permit can be approved in approximately the same timeframe as projects that do not require discretionary approvals. The Planning Commission may grant a use permit as applied for or in modified form if, on the basis of the application and the evidence submitted, the Commission makes all of the following findings: • That the proposed location of the conditional use is in accord with the objectives of the Zoning Ordinance and the purposes of the district in which the site is located; • That the proposed location of the conditional use and the conditions under which it would be operated or maintained will not be detrimental to the public health, safety or welfare, or materially injurious to properties or improvements in the vicinity; and • That the proposed conditional use will comply with each of the applicable provisions of Chapter 15 of the Municipal Code. 3 -32 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -12 Local Development Processing Time Item Standard Projects Zoning Entitlements including Conditional Use Permit or Variance 3 -4 months Reclassification (rezoning) 3 -4 months Plan Check 3 -4 weeks General Plan Amendment 3 -4 months Environmental Documentation 3 -4 months Source: City of Saratoga Table 3 -13 summarizes the estimated processing timelines for planning application by development type. Processing timelines often occur concurrently. Based on recent residential projects constructed in Saratoga, the City has not found the local development processing timeline to hinder the development of housing. The following describes each process and corresponding decision - making body: Design Review • The Community Development Director grants design review approval when an application is found in compliance with the City's Municipal Code. • If the Community Development Director intends to approve the application, a "Notice of Intent to Approve" will be mailed to all property owners within two hundred fifty feet of the subject property and to others as deemed appropriate. All interested parties will have fifteen calendar days from the date of the "Notice of Intent to Approve" in which to review the application and provide written comments to the Community Development Director. The Community Development Director approves or denies the application within fifteen days of the close of the review period and mails notices of the decision to the applicant and to any party that has requested a copy. The Community Development Director's decision can be appealed to the Planning Commission within fifteen calendar days of the Director's decision to approve the application. The Planning Commission at a public hearing will review any appeal. • In reviewing applications for design review approval under, the Planning Commission is guided by the following criteria: (a) Where more than one building or structure will be constructed, the architectural features and landscaping shall be harmonious. Such features include height, elevations, roofs, material, color and appurtenances. 3 -33 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources (b) Where more than one sign will be erected or displayed on the site, the signs shall have a common or compatible design and locational positions and shall be harmonious in appearance. (c) Landscaping shall integrate and accommodate existing trees and vegetation to be preserved; it shall make use of water - conserving plants, materials and irrigation systems to the maximum extent feasible; and, to the maximum extent feasible, it shall be clustered in natural appearing groups, as opposed to being placed in rows or regularly spaced. (d) Colors of wall and roofing materials shall blend with the natural landscape and be non - reflective. (e) Roofing materials shall be wood shingles, wood shakes, tile, or other materials such as composition as approved by the Planning Commission. No mechanical equipment shall be located upon a roof unless it is appropriately screened. (f) The proposed development shall be compatible in terms of height, bulk and design with other structures in the immediate area. • General Plan Amendment • The Community Development Department reviews the application and prepares a report, which shall be submitted to the Planning Commission • The Planning Commission holds at least one public hearing on the proposed amendment • Following the conclusion of the public hearing, the Planning Commission determines whether the proposed amendment should be adopted. The Commission transmits its recommendation to the City Council, in writing, together with a copy of the application, if any, and the documents submitted, the report to the Commission from the Community Development Director, the minutes of proceedings conducted by the Commission and the resolution and findings, if any, adopted by the Commission with respect to the proposed amendment • Upon receipt of the recommendation of the Planning Commission, the City Council conducts a public hearing on the proposed amendment • The City Council may approve, modify or reject the recommendation of the Planning Commission • Tentative Subdivision Map o Applications for tentative subdivision map approval are filed with the Community Development Director who examines the application and the documents submitted. The time of filing the application is the date on which the application is accepted by the Community Development Director as being complete. 3 -34 Housing Constraints and Resources • Variance • The Planning Commission is designated as the approving authority to grant variances from the regulations prescribed in the Municipal Code. • The Community Development Department reviews the application and prepares a report, which shall be considered in determining whether to approve or deny the conditional use permit. • The Planning Commission conducts a public hearing on the application for a variance. o Any determination or decision by the Planning Commission can be appealed to the City Council. Use Permit • The Community Development Department reviews the application and prepares a report, which shall be considered in determining whether to approve or deny the conditional use permit. • Except for those uses identified in Section 15- 55.065 of the Municipal Code, the Planning Commission considers all applications for conditional use permits and conducts a public hearing • Any determination or decision by the Planning Commission may be appealed to the City Council. Final Map • Prior to the expiration of a tentative map approval or extension, the owner has the property accurately surveyed and a final map prepared substantially in accordance with the tentative map as approved. The applicant files three copies of the final map, with any and all alterations and changes required with the City Engineer for approval. • The applicant or any interested person may appeal to the City Council any determination or decision made by filing with the City Clerk a notice of appeal clearly identifying the determination or decision from which the appeal is taken and stating the grounds for the appeal. Arborist Review o The City arborist conducts a field survey of the property and notes tree locations, assign tree numbers, draw outlines of tree canopies and locations for tree protective fencing, and propose alternate locations for trenching, lighting, or irrigation lines, and any other pertinent information deemed necessary 3 -35 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -13 Typical Development Processing Timelines by Development Type Process Single-Family Multi-Family Design Review Administrative 3 months N/A Design Review (Planning Commission 3 -4 months 4 -6 months Environmental Assessment N/A 4 -6 months General Plan Amendment 6 -9 months 6 -9 months Tentative Subdivision Ma N/A 6 months Variance 4 -6 months 4 -6 months Use Permit 3 -4 months 3 -4 months Annexation 6 -9 months 6 -9 months Final Ma N/A 3 months Arborist Review N/A 1 -2 months Source: City of Saratoga 11. Measure G The voters of Saratoga approved Measure G in March 1996 to change the text of the General Plan Land Use Element to require that certain amendments to the Land Use Element may only be made by a vote of the people. The initiative requires, with certain exceptions, a vote of the people to permit General Plan amendments that (1) redesignate residential lands to commercial, industrial, or other land use designations, (2) increase densities or intensities of residential land use, or (3) redesignate recreational open space lands to other land use designations. The intent of the measure is to protect the residential and recreational open space areas of the City. The initiative does not affect the City's existing regulations that authorize the creation of second dwelling units, nor does it interfere with the City's obligation, under State law, to revise the Housing Element every five years. 12. Environmental and Infrastructure Constraints a. Environmental Constraints Environmental hazards affecting housing units include geologic and seismic conditions, flooding, fire hazards, toxic and hazardous wastes, and noise. The following hazards may impact future development of residential units in the city. Most identified sites in Appendix B: Land Resources, including candidate sites for rezoning to meet the remaining lower income need, do not contain environmental constraints to the development of housing. Where environmental constraints exist, the City of Saratoga has identified measures for mitigation. 3 -36 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Seismic Hazards The topography of Saratoga generally consists of the low -lying relatively flat valley floor and the northwestern foothills. Outside the City limits, but within the City's Sphere of Influence, are the Castle Rock portions of the Santa Cruz Mountains. These mountains are very rugged, comprised of steep canyons and sharp rounded ridge tops. The dominant geologic feature within Saratoga's Sphere of Influence is the San Andreas Fault zone, which bisects the mountainous portion of the terrain. The fault zone determines the geology and topography of the area by separating two different rock assemblages and their associated erosion characteristics. A complex system of fault traces and fractured rock compose the fault zone. The location of the San Andreas fault, along the ridge of the Santa Cruz Mountains, subjects the hillside region of the City to potentially severe lateral displacement and ground shaking should an earthquake occur. However, a major portion of the City is underlain by the relatively flat valley floor that is considered a geologic stability zone. There are two "potentially active" faults within the City limits. The Berrocal fault belongs to the Sargent Fault zone, a complex system of interconnecting faults extending northwest between San Andreas and the Calaveras faults. The fault trace crosses Congress Springs Road and continues into the southeastern portion of the Sphere of Influence. The Shannon fault, part of the Monte Vista fault system, closely parallels the Highway 85 corridor from Regnart Creek in Cupertino to the north, crossing Saratoga Avenue, and continues to Almaden Expressway in the southeast portion of San Jose. Although there is a remote chance that ground rupture could occur on either one of these fault traces, it is more likely to occur on the San Andreas Fault. However, little rural residential development has occurred within the San Andreas fault zone in Saratoga's Sphere of Influence, so the present risk of structural damage due to fault rupture is minimal. The San Andreas Fault zone is the only area within the City and its Sphere of Influence that the State has designated as a Special Studies Zone. Special Studies Zones are areas along faults considered to be active or potentially active as established by the California Division of Mines and Geology in compliance with the Alquist Priolo Geologic Hazard Zones Act. When development for human occupancy is proposed within these zones, special studies relating to seismic hazards are required and must be submitted to the City or County Geologist for review. As required by the State of California, the Saratoga General Plan contains policies regarding land instability and seismic hazards within the Safety Element. In addition, the General Plan identifies the general location of the areas of potential seismic hazards, as well as potentially active faults, 100 -year flood areas, and hazardous fire areas in the 3 -37 Housing Constraints and Resources Safety Element. The goal of the geologic and seismic policies is to protect residents from injuries and minimize property damage resulting from land stability and geologic and seismic hazards. To that end, the General Plan identifies specific policies that prohibit development without site - specific geotechnical investigations; prohibit development of structures for human habitation in areas proven to be unsafe (to the maximum extent permitted by law); and, enforce strict earthquake construction and soil engineering standards in order to select the most stable building sites, and to compensate for soil instabilities through the use of approved engineering and construction techniques. In addition, zoning regulations for residential development in hillside areas identify specific mandatory development criteria including the preparation of a site development plan and geologic and soils report; specific procedures for grading and siting structures; and, could require additional studies (soil and foundation engineering investigation, slope stability studies, investigations addressing seismic hazards of nearby fault traces) as necessary. ii. Landslides The hillside region of the City contains some rock formations conducive to landslides. These areas primarily lie west of Saratoga - Sunnyvale Road, pass through a portion of the Northwestern Hillsides Residential District, and continue pass Big Basin Way. The zone is also present within the Sphere of Influence, along the City's northwestern boundary and crossing Bohlman Road. Landslides and unstable slopes may occur in this area, and can create hazards within the City limits as the slide debris and rock moves down the incline toward the City's valley floor. Landslides and slope instability are the major non - seismic geologic hazards in Saratoga. Although most of the hillside areas experience these hazards to some degree, the most severe risks are found in the vicinity of the Congress Springs area and the upper Calabazas Creek watershed. As noted above, the General Plan includes specific policies to protect residents from injuries and minimize property damage resulting from land stability and geologic and seismic hazards. Moreover, the Zoning Ordinance includes specific regulations for residential development in the hillsides designed to protect human life and property. iii. Soil Creep and Expansive Soils Soil creep and expansive soils are most prevalent in the western hillside regions of the city. Soil creep is the slow, down slope movement of near surface materials. The rate of soil creep is a function of slope angle and soil thickness and texture. It can be regarded as a continuous process, and may cause retaining walls, foundations, and paved roads to fail over a period of time. Expansive soils contain high proportions of clay and 3 -38 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources alternatively absorb and release large amounts of water during wet and dry cycles. Structures built on expansive soils can experience rising foundations during the wet season, resulting in cracked foundations, distorted frameworks, and warped windows and doors. To address adverse effects associated with soil creep and expansive soils, the City requires geotechnical investigations and soil reports in areas where soil creep and expansive soils exists. iv. Flooding Three major drainage basins lie within the City, the San Tomas Aquino, Saratoga, and Calabaza Creeks. Several tributaries of the San Tomas and Calabaza Creeks are located within the City, as well. These include Wildcat, Vasona, and Sobey Creeks (tributaries of San Tomas Creek) and Prospect and Rodeo Creeks (tributaries of Calabaza Creek). Areas adjacent to the San Tomas Aquino, Saratoga, and Calabaza Creeks are located in within the 100 -year floodplain. In addition, the Wildcat and Vasona Creeks are also subject to the 100 -year flood hazard. Saratoga participates in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). The City adopts and enforces certain floodplain management ordinances and, in return, residents can purchase Federally- backed flood insurance. In addition, the City has an extensive review procedure in conjunction with the Santa Clara Valley Water District, which addresses flooding potential and the impact on development. V. Toxic and Hazardous Wastes Existing regulations in Saratoga severely limit uses involving hazardous materials. Thus, no major chemical handlers are located within the City. The storage, use, and disposal of hazardous materials is limited to gas stations. The hazardous materials generated typically consist of anti - freeze, brake fluid, motor oil, and gasoline. Saratoga has a Hazardous Materials Storage Ordinance (Chapter 8 of the Municipal Code) to protect "health, life, resources, property through prevention and control of unauthorized discharges of hazardous materials." The ordinance includes regulations governing administration and enforcement of the code, which is performed by the County; the list of specific materials covered; containment standards; and, preparation of hazardous materials management plans. vi. Fire Hazards The Saratoga Fire Protection District and the Central Fire District of Santa Clara County serve the City of Saratoga. All area fire departments cooperate in mutual aid agreements, which loosen the strict adherence to district boundaries when adjacent communities are in need. 3 -39 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources The City's Subdivision Ordinance (Chapter 14 of the Municipal Code) requires a peakload water supply of 1,000 gallons of water per minute for two hours for all housing developments. However, areas with higher site elevations decrease the 35 -pound minimum pressure need to provide 1,000 gallons per minute, which has caused a severe problem with providing adequate fire protection in the Northwestern Hillsides Residential District, where several of the homes currently do not meet the City requirement. Hazardous fire areas within the City are located within the Northwestern Hillsides area and extend to the Lower Hillsides in the southwestern portion of the City. Special building regulations exist for the hazardous fire areas, including the requirement for fire retardant roofs and the installation of an electronic fire detection system (Early Warning Fire Alarm System). The Early Warning Fire Alarm System, which is not only required for homes in fire hazard areas, but in all new homes or existing homes expanded by more that 50 percent, consists of heat and smoke detectors, which when activated, will transmit a signal directly to a receiver panel in the Saratoga Fire District Station. The fire district will then receive the earliest possible warning of fires, decreasing response time to remote areas and thus reducing the possibility of death, injury, and property damage. The City also requires anti -fire buffer areas and sufficient clearance around each house in the Northwestern Hillsides area. The minimum setbacks in this area are 30 feet in the front yard, 20 feet in the side yards, and a minimum of 20 feet in the rear. Finally, the City has a Weed Abatement Ordinance that requires property owners to remove weeds and other combustible materials that become a fire menace. vii. Noise Traffic is the primary source of noise in Saratoga. In addition, commercial activities, recreation complexes, and other sites of outdoor public assembly such as churches and school sites, have been identified as periodic sources of noise complaints. The City's Planning Department currently considers noise in the project review process and works with the applicant to use site planning and other design strategies to reduce noise impacts. b. Infrastructure Constraints The following presents the analysis of existing and future water and sewer capacity in Saratoga. The City has found that based on population projections and housing growth needs, there is adequate water and sewer capacity. Water 3 -40 Housing Constraints and Resources The City of Saratoga receives its water supply from the San Jose Water Company. San Jose Water Company obtains water from three major sources: groundwater, imported surface water, and local mountain surface water. Groundwater is pumped from over 100 wells that draw water from the Santa Clara Groundwater Basin. Groundwater accounts for approximately 40 percent of supply. Imported surface water is provided by Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD), the wholesale supplier. Surface water imported from the Sacramento -San Joaquin Delta and purchased from the Santa Clara Valley Water district accounts for approximately 50 percent of supply. A majority of this water originates as Sierra snowmelt, and travels through the State and Federal water projects before treatment at SCVWD's three water treatment plants. A smaller portion is impounded in local reservoirs in Santa Clara County. Local mountain surface water is collected in the Santa Cruz Mountains, and treated at San Jose Water Company's two water treatment plants. Local surface water accounts for approximately 10 percent of supply. These sources are often blended together in the distribution system. Consequently, different sources are dispersed to Saratoga from day to day as customer usage changes. Saratoga will continue to meet its future demands with imported water, groundwater, and local mountain surface water supplies. Portions of the higher elevations of the Santa Cruz Mountains within the City's Sphere of Influence provide water runoff into local streams and recharge wells that provide a portion of the City's water supply. These areas should be protected from significant urbanization in order to maximize continued production of the local water supply. ii. Sewer The City of Saratoga is served by two sanitation districts: the Cupertino Sanitary District and the West Valley Sanitation District. The Cupertino Sanitary District covers an area of approximately 15 square miles serving a population of over 50,000 people. The District owns and manages over 1 million feet of sewer mains, 500,000 feet of sewer laterals, and 15 pump stations. The District has been maintained with a proactive capital improvement program aimed at extending the reliability and life of the system beyond 100 years. Currently, the District discharges 4.6 million gallons per day, and has rights to discharge over 8.6 million gallons per day. The District anticipates being able to accommodate expected growth within areas served. The West Valley Sanitation District covers over 30 square miles serving a population of over 120,000 people. The District facilities include over 400 miles of sewer mains and over 250 miles of sewer laterals. The District has a fixed capacity allocation of 13.05 million gallons per day. Based on population growth projections for 2030, the District would not exceed the current fixed capacity allocation. 3 -41 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources 13. Community Development Block Grant Program Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Program funds are the largest sources of Federal funding for housing and housing related activities in Saratoga. Table 3 -14 lists the CDBG funded activities for the 2008 -2009 fiscal year. Table 3 -14 CDBG Activity Allocations for FY 2008 -2009 Activity Allocation SHARP Revolving Housing Rehab program ADA Saratoga - Sunnyvale Road Curb Ramp $118,172 $58,073 ADA- SA Area Senior Coord. Council Restroom $8,150 ADA- Access Signal Program Phase 1 $74,526 ADA- Theater Seating Pro'ect $6,225 SA Area Senior Coord. Council- Adult Day Care Program $32,732 City of Saratoga ADA- Access Signal Program Phase II $55,600 City of Saratoga ADA- Access Ramp Historical Museum $16,882 Urban County Rehab Services $13,000 General Administration $15,000 Total $398,360 Source: City of Saratoga, 2008 -2009 B. Non - Governmental Constraints 1. Vacant and Underutilized Land A thorough analysis of vacant and underutilized land within the City of Saratoga is provided in Appendix B. 2. Land Prices Land costs increases have a significant influence on the cost of housing and the availability of affordable housing. A number of factors determine land prices, most important of which are land availability and permitted development density. As land becomes less available, the price of land increases. Land in the City costs $35 per square foot. However, given the current downturn in the real estate market, land price projections are difficult to track accurately. 3 -42 Housing Constraints and Resources 3. Construction Costs Construction costs are primarily determined by the costs of materials and labor. They are also influenced by market demands and market -based changes in the cost of materials. Construction costs depend on the type of unit being built and the quality of the product being produced. Table 3 -15 summarizes the estimated construction costs based on type of development in Saratoga. Table 3 -15 Construction Cost Estimates Development Type Cost per Square Foot Single-Family Residential $250 Town homes /Condominiums $250 Multi-family- garden style a artments $250 Multi-family- stacked flats with structured parking 1 $250 Source: RBF Consulting, 2008 4. Financing Mortgage interest rates have a large influence over the affordability of housing. Higher interest rates increase a homebuyer's monthly payment and decrease the range of housing that a household can afford. Lower interest rates result in a lower cost and lower monthly payments for the homebuyer. When interest rates rise, the market typically compensates by decreasing housing prices. Similarly, when interest rates decrease, housing prices begin to rise. There is often a lag in the market, causing housing prices to remain high when interest rates rise until the market catches up. Lower - income households often find it most difficult to purchase a home during this time period. As shown in Table 3 -16, the number of loan applications increases as income increases. Saratoga is included within the San Jose - Sunnyvale -Santa Clara Metropolitan Service Area (MSA). The percentage of persons denied for a home loan in the San Jose - Sunnyvale -Santa Clara MSA is highest for the very low- income (less than 50 percent of the MFI) category with 33.8 percent. 3 -43 Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Table 3 -16 Mortgage Lending Rates -2006 San Jose - Sunnyvale -Santa Clara MSA Income Group Total Loans Applications Originated Applications Denied Percentage Denied <50% MFI 554 222 187 33.8% 50 -79% MFI 2,166 1,217 465 21.5% 80 -99% MFI 3,594 2,112 689 19.2% 110-119% MFI 4,605 2,747 842 18.3% 120% MFI 39,849 23,107 7,781 19.5% Total 1 50,768 29,405 1 9,964 19.6% Source: Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, HMDA Data, 2006 Figure 3 -1 shows the average interest rates between July 2007 and July 2008. Interest rates are determined by national policies and economic conditions and there is little that a local government can do to affect these rates. However, in order to extend home buying opportunities to lower- income households, jurisdictions can offer home buying assistance programs such as interest rate write -downs and consider government insured loan programs that may be available to reduce mortgage down payment requirements. There have been recent changes in the qualifications and lending standards for home loans. Nationally there has been a large increase in the number of delinquencies and foreclosures in the residential market; as a result, lenders have more stringent qualifications for home loans and lower- income households may find it more difficult to qualify. 3 -44 Housing Constraints and Resources Figure 3 -1 Mortgage Rates July 2007 -July 2008 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 1 yr ARM 4.00 --a— 15yr FIRM 6 30yr FIRM 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 r- r- co co co co m co oo 0 0 0 0 0 0 o q o 0q 0 0 0 Q U) Z O ti Q n Source: Freddie Mac Primary Mortgage Market Survey 5. Energy Conservation Energy conservation remains a major priority in the City of Saratoga. The City requires compliance with Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations on the use of energy efficient appliances and insulation. Through compliance with Title 24, new residential development has reduced energy demands. Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG &E), which provides electricity service in the City of Saratoga, offers public information and technical assistance to homeowners regarding energy conservation. PG &E also provides numerous incentives for energy efficiency in new construction and home remodeling. Remodeling rebates exist for cool roofs, insulation, and water heaters. Residents are granted between $150- $200 per 1,000 square feet for installed cool roofs and attic and wall insulation. Installing new energy - efficient water heaters qualifies residents with a $30 rebate. PG &E also offers energy - efficiency tax credits under the Energy Policy Act of 2005. Both homeowners and builders may qualify for these tax credits. Existing homeowners are eligible for tax credits up to a maximum of $500 for energy - efficiency improvements. An 3 -45 Housing Constraints and Resources additional tax credit is available for solar energy systems. Builders of energy - efficient new homes are eligible for tax credits up to a maximum of $2,000. The City of Saratoga requires the submittal of a Green Point checklist with applications for Design Review for single- and multi - family existing and new residential construction projects. The Green Point checklist is produced by Build It Green, a professional non- profit membership organization whose mission is to promote healthy, durable, energy - and resource - efficient buildings in California. One of the more recent strategies in building energy - efficient homes is following the U.S. Green Building Council's guidelines for LEED Certification. LEED- certified buildings demonstrate energy and water savings, reduced maintenance costs and improved occupant satisfaction. The LEED for New Construction program has been applied to numerous multi- family projects nationwide. The LEED for Homes program was launched in 2005 and includes standards for new single - family and multi - family home construction. The LEED certification standards are one piece of a coordinated green building program. A green building program considers a broad range of issues including community design, energy efficiency, water conservation, resource - efficient material selection, indoor environmental quality, construction management, and building maintenance. The end result will be buildings that minimize the use of resources; are healthier for people; and mitigate the effects of the environment. The following presents a variety of way in which Saratoga can promote energy conservation: • Provide information regarding rebate programs and energy audits available through Pacific Gas and Electric; • Refer residents and businesses to energy conservation programs such as Build It Green and LEED for Homes; • Develop incentives, such as expedited plan check, for developments that are utilizing green building; • Promote funding opportunities for green buildings, including available rebates and funding through the California Energy Commission; and • Provide resource materials regarding green building and conservation programs. 3 -46 Chapter 4: Policy Program Chapter 4 Policy Program This section describes the City of Saratoga's Policy Program for the 2007 -2014 Housing Element. The Policy Program describes the specific policy actions necessary to address present and future housing needs, meet the specific requirements of State law, and consider the input by residents and stakeholders. In developing the Policy Program, the City assessed its housing needs, evaluated the performance of existing programs, and received input from the community through participation in housing workshops (see Chapter 2 and Appendices A and C). A. Policy Action Areas The Policy Action Plan for the 2007 -2014 Housing Element is organized into five areas: • New Production • Rehabilitation of Existing Housing • Design and Livability • Access to Housing Opportunities • Coordinated Housing Efforts B. Policy Actions Policy Area 4 -1: New Production The City strives to ensure an adequate supply of housing is available to meet future and existing housing needs of all economic segments of the community. Policy Action 4 -1.1: Amend Mixed -Use Overlay Standards The Zoning Code currently includes development standards for a Mixed -Use overlay zone that can be applied to all commercial zones within the City of Saratoga, including sites with the greatest immediate potential for residential mixed -use development. To further encourage mixed -use development, the City shall amend the Mixed -Use Overlay district standards to allow both rental and owner occupied residential development, remove the 50 percent limit on residential floor area and remove the 1,250 square foot maximum on new dwelling units. 4 -1 Chapter 4: Policy Program Objective: Amend Mixed -Use Overlay Standards Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Amend Mixed -Use Overlay Standards within 2 -years of Housing Element adoption Policy Action 4 -1.2: Amend Odd Fellows Retirement Community Use Permit To accommodate at least 50 percent of the City's lower- income need (75 units), the City shall amend the Odd Fellows Retirement Community use permit to permit the by -right development without discretionary action at a minimum of 75 renter and /or owner occupied units and 20 du /ac affordable to very low- and low - income households within the planning period. Objective: Amend the Odd Fellows Retirement Community Use Permit Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Within 2 years of Housing Element adoption. Policy Action 4 -1.3: Provide for Adequate Sites for Housing Development The City shall establish a new mixed -use zoning district permitting rental and owner - occupied multifamily residential development as a matter or right with a minimum density standard of 20 du /ac. The very low- and low- income housing need shall be accommodated on sites with densities and development standards that permit at least 16 units per site and do not unduly constrain the development of multi - family housing. The new mixed -use zoning district shall encompass a minimum of 3.75 acres to accommodate the remaining 50 percent of the City's lower income need (75 units). The site(s) that will be rezoned into the new- mixed use zoning district are identified in Appendix B, Table B -5 of this Housing Element. Objective: Rezone a minimum 3.75 acres to permit residential development by-right Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Within 1 year of Housing Element adoption. 4 -2 Chapter 4: Policy Program Policy Action 4 -1.4: Continue to Implement Density Bonus Ordinance The City's existing Density Bonus Ordinance provides for incentives, concessions, and other regulatory procedures that facilitate and encourage the development of affordable housing in the community. To further the effectiveness of the Density Bonus Ordinance and to be in compliance with the requirements of recent State law, as amended by AB 2280, the City shall continue to implement the existing Density Bonus Ordinance in accordance with State law. Objective: Continue Density Bonus Ordinance Implementation Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Policy Action 4 -1.5: Encourage Efficient Use of Energy Resources in Residential Development The City shall encourage housing developers to maximize energy conservation through proactive site, building and building systems design, materials, and equipment. The City encourages the development community to exceed the provisions of Title 24 of the California Building Code. The City shall encourage the use of Energy Star®- rated appliances, other energy- saving technologies and conservation. To enhance the efficient use of energy resources, the City shall review the potential of offering incentives or other strategies that encourage energy conservation. Objective: Increased Energy Efficient Responsible Agency: Communit Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Investigate and develop, as appropriate, incentive strategies within 1 year of Housing Element adoption, ongoing thereafter. Policy Action 4 -1.6: Encourage Green Building Practices in Home Construction The City understands the importance of sustainable use of limited resources and encourages the use of "green building" practices in new and existing housing. The City's Design Review process requires that new and existing residential home construction projects include a completed GreenPoint Rated checklist. The GreenPoint Rated checklist tracks green features incorporated into the home. The checklist is produced by Build It Green, an organization whose mission is to promote healthy, energy and resource efficient buildings in California. 4 -3 Chapter 4: Policy Program In addition, the City provides public information on its website pages, "Go Green in Saratoga" and offers low cost permits as an incentive to install solar panels. Objective: Increased Green Building Practices Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Investigate and develop, as appropriate, incentive strategies within 1 year of Housing Element adoption, ongoing thereafter. Policy Action 4 -1.7: Encourage and Facilitate Lot Consolidation The City will encourage and facilitate the consolidation of the identified candidate sites (see Policy Action 4 -1.3) through a variety of incentives, including but not limited to; financial incentives such as CDBG funds, land write- downs, assistance with on- or off -site infrastructure costs, and other pre - development costs associated with the assemblage of multiple parcels. Consolidation will provide the opportunity to develop these underutilized lots to their fullest potential. The City will evaluate the appropriateness of a variety of incentives and provide this information to the developers and other interested parties through print material at City Hall. Objective: Encourage and Facilitate Lot Consolidation in Identified Candidate Sites Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Review within 1- ear of Housing Element adoption Policy Action 4 -1.8: Review In -Lieu Park Facilities Fee for Affordable Housing Development The City of Saratoga utilizes development fees to ensure the level of services provided by the City adequately serves new development without compromising services provided to existing uses. These fees help ensure the City's ability to provide for the public's health, safety and welfare through maintenance and expansion of infrastructure, police and fire protection, amongst other necessary services. As a municipality that does not have a functioning redevelopment agency and is not a HUD entitlement jurisdiction, very limited resources are available to assist in cost recovery for services. 4 -4 Chapter 4: Policy Program Prior development activity in the City and current developer interest and activity even in a challenging housing market indicates the in -lieu park facilities fee does not currently pose a constraint on the development of market -rate housing. However, the City understands that affordable housing development may require assistance such as fee waivers or other relief in order to be feasible. To ensure that the existing in -lieu parking facilities fee is not a constraint on the development of affordable housing, the City shall review the fee and revise, as appropriate. If the City does not revise the fee, alternative strategies will be considered to address any potential future constraints to the development of housing. Objective: Review In -Lieu Park Facilities Fee for Affordable Housing Development Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Review within 1- ear of Housing Element adoption Policy Action 4 -1.9: Review Multi- Family Parking Requirement for Affordable Housing Development The history of development in the City and continued developer interest show that the multi - family parking requirement does not pose a constraint on the development of market -rate housing. However, the City understands that affordable housing development may be more feasible through incentives such as flexible parking requirements. To ensure that the existing multi - family parking requirement is not a constraint to the development of affordable housing, the City shall review the requirement and revise, as appropriate. If the City does not revise the requirement, alternative strategies will be considered to address any potential future constraints to the development of housing. Objective: Review Multi- Family Parking Requirement for Affordable Housing Development Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Review within 1- ear of Housing Element adoption 4 -5 Policy Program Policy Area 4 -2: Rehabilitation of Existing Housing Much of the housing stock in Saratoga has been found to be in decent, suitable condition. However, there is an anticipated need for ongoing maintenance and rehabilitation. Maintenance and rehabilitation activities help ensure the quality of the City's housing stock and neighborhoods is preserved. Policy Action 4 -2.1: Housing Rehabilitation Program Subject to available CDBG funds, the City will continue to provide funds to the County of Santa Clara's Office of Affordable Housing for the Housing Rehabilitation Program. The City shall continue to refer interested residents to the County program. Objective: Provide funds and refer residents to the County of Santa Clara's Housing Rehabilitation Program Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: CDBG funds Time Frame: Annually provide funds; Ongoing referrals Policy Action 4 -2.2: Code Enforcement The City has a high level of quality housing. In order to maintain the housing quality, the City will provide information about rehabilitation programs on an individual basis, as needed. Objective: Provide information about rehabilitation programs on an individual basis, as needed Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund/ CDBG Time Frame: Ongoing 4 -6 Chapter 4: Policy Program Policy Area 4 -3: Design and Livability Saratoga has unique, long- established neighborhoods that contribute to community character and guide development within the City. Community design is important in order to ensure quality design of new developments and to enhance the aesthetic qualities of the City. Policy Action 4 -3.1: Maintain Community Design The City recognizes the importance of maintaining the character of Saratoga's neighborhoods. In order to ensure quality design of new housing units and modifications to existing housing units, the City will review and revise the General Plan or Zoning Code and enforce the design guidelines and update as needed to provide aesthetic direction for future residential development, as needed. Objective: Maintain Community Character Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Policy Action 4 -3.2: Encourage Mixed -Use Development in Saratoga Village The City shall evaluate the appropriateness of revisions to the Zoning Code to further encourage rental and /or owner- occupied residential development in the Saratoga Village. Amendments and modifications to the existing Zoning Code may include mixed -use development standards, infill development standards, adaptive reuse, live /work and multi - family development standards. Objective: Promote the Saratoga Village for Mixed -Use Development Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Review Zoning Code by December 2010 Revise Zoning Code within 1 year of Housing Element adoption, as appropriate Policy Action 4 -3.3: Preserve the Saratoga Village The City understands the importance of conserving the community's historic downtown district, "Saratoga Village," to preserve the City's commercial resources and provide opportunities for mixed -use development. The City shall continue to implement design criteria in the Saratoga Village to preserve the area's character 4 -7 Chapter 4: Policy Program and to enhance the aesthetic qualities of new residential and commercial developments. Objective: Continue Implementation of Saratoga Village Design Guidelines Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Polity Area 4 -4: Access to Housing Opportunities The City promotes the practice of providing equal housing opportunities for all persons. Housing should be available for all persons regardless of income, family status, presence of a disability, age, race, sex, national origin, or color. The City encourages the provision of housing to meet needs of families with children, elderly households, persons with disabilities, the homeless and all other segments of the community. Policy Action 4 -4.1: Encourage Development of Second Dwelling Units The City understands that second dwelling units provide a viable tool to enhance the availability of affordable housing opportunities in the City. The City currently provides policies and procedures for the development of second dwelling units within the Saratoga Municipal Code. To ensure the City's existing policies and procedures for second dwelling units are effective in providing additional affordable housing opportunities, the City shall review the existing Second Unit Ordinance and identify revisions, as appropriate, to further encourage the development of second units. Objective: Review /Revise Second Dwelling Unit Ordinance Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Review Ordinance by December 2009 Update Ordinance by June 2010 Policy Action 4 -4.2: Senior Housing and Affordable Senior Housing The City recognizes the unique needs of its elderly residents. Seniors may have fixed incomes and need unique housing features that are not typically included in market rate housing. The City shall encourage through incentives (e.g. parking reductions, etc.), the development of senior housing that offers a wide range of housing choices, for both affordable and market -rate, from independent living to 4 -8 Chapter 4: Policy Program assisted living with services on -site, including healthcare, nutrition, transportation and other appropriate services. Objective: Affordable Senior Housing Development Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Develop incentive program within 1 year of Housing Element adoption. Policy Action 4 -4.3: Compliance with SB 2 Pursuant to the provisions of SB 2, the City shall analyze and revise the existing Zoning Code to allow for emergency shelters, transitional housing, and supportive housing for homeless individuals and families. The City will comply with SB 2 by: • Amend the zoning code to provide sufficient capacity to accommodate emergency shelters to meet the identified local homeless need, pursuant to SB 2. The City will consider and analyze the commercial (C -N, C -V and C- H) zoning districts to meet the requirements of SB 2. • Amending the Zoning Code to ensure shelters are only subject to the same development and management standards that apply to residential or commercial uses within the same zone. • Amending the Zoning Code to permit transitional and supportive housing as a residential use in all residential zones and only subject to those restrictions that apply to other residential uses of the same type in the same zone. Objective: Compliance with SB 2 Responsible Agency: Communit Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Within 1 year of Housing Element adoption Policy Action 4 -4.4: Reasonable Accommodation Procedures To comply with State law (SB 520), the City will analyze existing land use controls, building codes, and permit and processing procedures to determine constraints they impose on the development, maintenance, and improvement of housing for persons with disabilities. Based on its findings, the City will develop a policy for reasonable accommodation to provide relief to Code regulations and permitting procedures that have a discriminatory effect on housing for individuals with disabilities. The policy shall include procedures for requesting accommodation, Cam'] Chapter 4: Policy Program timeline for processing and appeals and criteria for determining whether a requested accommodation is reasonable. Objective: Adopt Reasonable Accommodation Procedures Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Within 1 year of Housing Element adoption. Policy Action 4 -4.5: Development of Housing for Extremely Low - Income Households The City understands the need to encourage and facilitate housing development for households earning 30 percent or less of the median family income. The City will encourage development of housing for extremely -low income households through a variety of activities that may include outreaching to housing developers, identifying grant and funding opportunities, and /or offering additional incentives beyond the density bonus provisions. Objective: Housing for Extreme) Low- Income Households Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Explore activities to encourage development of housing for extremely low- income households within 1 -year of Housing Element adoption Policy Action 4 -4.6: Housing Opportunities for Persons Employed in Saratoga The City shall explore opportunities to provide additional local housing options for the City's workforce, including rental housing for families. These opportunities could include increasing public awareness of the City's housing assistance programs and partnering with local universities to explore student and faculty housing development. Objective: Explore Opportunities to Encourage Additional Local Workforce Housing through Community Partnerships Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Within 1- ear of Housing Element adoption 4 -10 Chapter 4: Policy Program Policy Action 4 -4.7: Monitoring and Preservation of Existing Affordable Housing The City shall continue to maintain a data base to provide for the regular monitoring of deed - restricted units that have the potential of converting to market - rate during the planning period. Additionally, the City will review funding opportunities for owners of these units to extend and /or renew deed restrictions and /or covenants. To proactively address the conversion of affordable units to market -rate units concern, the City will investigate strategies to preserve the affordable units. The City shall ensure compliance with noticing requirements and provide for tenant education when a notice of conversion is received. Objective: Monitor and Preserve 170 "At- Risk" Units (Fellowship Plaza and Saratoga Court Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing /Annual report of units; Preservation strategy within 2 years of Housing Element adoption. Policy Action 4 -4.8: Zoning to Encourage and Facilitate Single -Room Occupancy Units (SRO's) The City understands the importance of single -room occupancy units to provide housing opportunities for lower- income individuals, persons with disabilities, the elderly and formerly homeless individuals. The City shall amend the Zoning Code to establish explicit definitions for and regulatory standards addressing single - room occupancy units. The Zoning Code will include development standards and permitting procedures that encourage and facilitate development of SRO housing, consistent with State law. Objective: Zoning for SRO's Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Within 1 year of Housing Element adoption Policy Area 4 -5: Coordinated Housing Efforts The City of Saratoga has limited local resources to provide for housing and housing - related activities. Therefore, to maximize use of limited local resources, 4 -11 Chapter 4: Policy Program the City strives to build partnerships and coordinate housing efforts with outside agencies and organizations. Policy Action 4 -5.1: Promote Fair Housing Efforts The City currently disseminates fair housing information packets about Fair Housing Regulations and refers discrimination complaints to the Mid - Peninsula Citizens for Fair Housing or to the County of Santa Clara County Office of Consumer Affairs. The City will continue to participate in the County's mediation program and will continue to support these organizations which provide fair housing assistance including landlord /tenant counseling, homebuyer assistance, and amelioration or removal of identified impediments. Objective: Continue Support of Fair Housing Efforts Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Policy Action 4 -5.2: Develop a Comprehensive Community Outreach Strategy for Housing To ensure the Saratoga community is provided the highest level of access to housing information, the City shall evaluate the effectiveness of existing outreach and community education efforts and develop a comprehensive outreach strategy. The outreach strategy will consider various methods of delivery, including print media, mailers, web -based information and other methods that consider the economic and cultural considerations in Saratoga. Objective: Comprehensive Housing Outreach Strategy Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Evaluate existing outreach by December 2009 Implement outreach within 2 years of Housing Element adoption Policy Action 4 -5.3: Partnerships with Development Community The City supports cooperation in the development of affordable housing through working with local housing trust and non - profit agencies. The City will continue to cooperate with developers to provide housing opportunities for lower income households; prioritize efforts and resources to the identified sites for rezoning to promote a variety of housing types, such as rental units, affordable to lower income households. The City shall also evaluate the effectiveness of its 4 -12 Policy Program partnerships with housing developers and seek ways to expand and foster its partnerships as appropriate. Objective: Partnerships with Housing Developers Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: General Fund Time Frame: Evaluate partnerships within 1 -year of Housing Element adoption; Annually, thereafter Policy Action 4 -5.4: Healthy Community The City supports residential development that promotes healthy life styles (i.e. recreational activities, encourages pedestrian and bicycle use and continued support of the Farmer's Market). Objective: Promote Healthy Lifestyles Responsible Agency: Communi Development Financing Source: Grants General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing 4 -13 Policy Program Table 4 -1 Housing Element Quantified Objectives 2007 -2014 Program (3�►jedi+'e New Construction Extremely Low - Income' 45 90 Very Low- Income Low Income 68 Moderate Income 77 Above Moderate Income 57 Total 292 Housing Rehabilitation Extremely Low- Income' 5 Very Low- Income 10 Low Income 10 Moderate Income Not Applicable Above Moderate Income Not Applicable Total 20 Preservation of At -Risk Rental Housina Extremely Low- Income' Very Low- Income 150 Low Income Moderate Income 20 Above Moderate Income Not Applicable Total 170 Notes: 'Extremely Low- Income assumed to be 50 percent of Very Low- Income allocation. 4 -14 Community Outreach Appendix A Community Outreach A. Introduction During 2008, the City of Saratoga conducted community outreach activities to ensure the Housing Element update reflected the issues and opportunities identified by the community. The workshops were advertised through flyers and notices on the City's website. In addition, the City invited stakeholder groups such as affordable housing developers, professional and community organizations, housing advocacy groups and supportive service providers to participate. The following community workshops were advertised and open to the general public: Workshop #1: June 17, 2008, North Campus of Saratoga, Administration Building Workshop #2: August 5, 2008, Saratoga Fire District Offices, Community Room During the first Community Workshop, participants were provided with an overview of the Housing Element Update process and content. Participants identified and discussed challenges, opportunities, and resources related to housing in Saratoga. During the second Community Workshop were given a brief recap of the Housing Element content, a summary of key findings, and input gathered from the previous public workshop. Participants then identified additional challenges and opportunities that were not mentioned in the previous community workshop. The meeting participants were then asked to break into focus groups to discuss specific themes. Community residents discussed in depth housing conditions and housing challenges within the City. Any future revisions to the draft Housing Element, including any revisions made to respond to HCD's review comments will be provided to the public on the City's website. Prior to the City Council's adoption of the Housing Element, the document will be made available for formal public review for a period of at least 30 days. A -1 Appendix A: Community Outreach The following notes were taken during the participant discussion at the first Community Workshop held on June 17, 2008 (Comments are provided verbatim). Saratoga Housing Element Update Workshop #1 June 17, 2008 Challenges and Opportunities Post -It Note Exercise CHALLENGES Safety • Safety transient population • Address safety needs for current residents Homeless • Where do we put the homeless? • Are we going to be building shelters? Hillsides • Maintain hillside, too expensive to build in the hills Inclusionaa • How do we come up with inclusionary housing? Lack of Commercial • Too small amount of commercial land Future Growth • Saratoga is a small city. • Can we grow every year? • Do we have $$ to annex? Afforda bi I ity • City needs to ensure that we are able to attract quality teachers, fire fighters, etc. • High Cost of real estate on Saratoga • Affordability • High cost Land A -2 Appendix A: Community Outreach • High Costs = Difficult to house Teachers and Firemen, etc. Low Density Lots • Low density lots Big Lots = Higher Costs Preservation of Property Values Participation • I recommend people read the present housing plan. • What's the pay off? Must we participate? Lack of Rentals • Lack of rental housing • New homes in Atherton are required to incorporate small rentals Senior Housing • Lack of senior housing • Many seniors (mostly female) are living in large houses and could benefit from allowing 2nd units to be utilized as affordable housing — providing income + /or assistance with large properties. Neighborhood Opposition • Neighborhood opposition Environment • How do we manage environmental issues? • Air Pollution • More intensive use of land means more problems and loss of quality of life Transit • Lack of public transit (buses) • Availability of mass transit Public Services • Overuse of parks • Saratoga schools cannot accommodate more students • How to fund services extra housing requires police, fire, library, etc. US] Appendix A: Community Outreach • Housing is a drain on public services whereas commercial adds to the tax base Traffic • Streets will be more congested if more houses built in Saratoga • Housing growth keeping traffic growth in perspective • Existing traffic issues on Quito Ave, Saratoga Ave, Cox Ave, Quito park neighborhood • Concerns: 1. traffic on Saratoga Ave, 2. Reduction of potential open space for parks and recreation • Traffic • Car traffic • Traffic, Quito Avenue needs signals, Housing Costs • Too much traffic currently on Saratoga Avenue. • Traffic on Saratoga Avenue Aesthetics • Desire: Need to keep semi -Rural atmosphere • Aesthetics • Saratoga Village personality and looks • Maintain Saratoga's semi -rural small town environment • Aesthetics: Fitting architecture to neighborhood and Saratoga's semi -rural plan, including keeping mature trees • Trees, no more removal Limited Sites • How do we find sites? • Saratoga has very limited vacant land. • Available land • Availability of land OPPORTUNITIES Planninct • Slow and planned growth is best • Hold onto Measure A & Measure G, They are our life line. • Look at existing sites. Inter City Agreements A -4 Appendix A: Community Outreach • Agreements with other cities Downtown Village • More downtown village vibrancy • City needs more businesses to increase tax base Vacant Land • Develop undeveloped areas of Saratoga Multi -Story • Town Houses — Multi Story MIYPrA I IC,- • Mixed use • Transit Village 2nd Units • More ODD fellow units • More possible 2nd units • Capture larger # of current 2 "d units not reported • Second units "Granny Flats" • Increase incentives for new houses to include second units not just 10% FAR • Increase affordable housing when torn by allowing + facilitating 2 "d unit bldgs on large lots Teacher / Workforce Housing • Housing on campus at West Valley • Help teachers and other professional "lower income" individuals • Teacher Housing on West Valley campus Rentals • More rentals • Allow /encourage rentals in village Aesthetics / Life Style • Aesthetically pleasing • Saratoga can be in compliance and maintain the life style A -5 Appendix A: Community Outreach Increased Affordability • Require % of new subdivisions be dedicated to affordable housing • Increased affordability • Share responsibility for affordable housing throughout Saratoga Senior Housinq • Retirement options for current Saratoga homeowners Taxes • Change tax laws to permit easier sale for older citizens Energy Conservation • Solar power incentives • Energy efficiencies /conservations • The following notes were taken during the participant discussion at the second Community Workshop held on August 5, 2008 (Comments are provided verbatim). Saratoga Housing Element Update Workshop #2 August 5, 2008 Challenges and Opportunities Post -It Note Exercise Actions and Ideas Focus Group Exercise CHALLENGES Traffic • Overflow parking from YMCA in Quito neighborhood • Traffic, traffic, traffic! Any high density and /or BMR will further gridlock Saratoga Ave. and all nearby arterials and all streets feeding Saratoga Ave. • Is traffic a consideration in regard to condominium developments? Aesthetics • Not changing the character of a neighborhood by new homes or remodeling F-Wel Appendix A: Community Outreach Environment • Water is not available for new development. There is no new water • Remaining land is for the most part impacted by environmental factors • Houses cover too much land; losing recharge Low - Density Lots • No one want high density on city or near them • Houses are too large; This is wasteful of resources Senior Housinq • Provide better services for seniors of various ethnic groups to encourage seniors to settle here Lack of Rentals • No Section 8! • How do SRO's fit into the equation? Lack of Commercial • This City does not generate jobs. We have been a residential community. We should not have to respond to other cities generate demand • We do not want housing in our commercial /prof. Areas. There is too little commercial as it is. Affordability • When we came to the Santa Clara Valley we did not expect to live in an upscale area. We lived in a condominium in a moderately priced community first. It is unreasonable to expect to move right into an upscale area when young. Other Challenges • Accommodating more students in schools • School capacities for new units? • Data is too old to be useful • Potential tenants being asked to pay huge fees to the City to get a use permit A -7 Appendix A: Community Outreach OPPORTUNITIES Mixed - Use /Saratoga Village • Put mixed -use in Saratoga Village where it makes sense to have higher density (e.g. at "Buy and Save" property) • Village- retail to balance with housing • Shortage of for -sale townhouses in the Village Area to create critical mass to support local retail • Transit and shopping near village • Need for density in Village to support Village retail to create critical mass for all retail to succeed • Mixed -use housing in the Village • Housing built for low- income shall be located near transportation and shopping centers; irony= Village does not have those Second Units • Has the "bonus" floor area for adding 2 "d living units worked to create "low- income" housing? • Allow more secondary units in R -1 zoning • Second unit on the existing property (not previously counted in RHNA) Rentals • Low- income units should be for -sale not for rent CH -2 Zone • CH -2 zoning review past performance • Encourage more small condos in the Village- CH -2 zone • CH -2 zoning review past performance • Change CH -2 zone to allow owner- occupied condos • CH -2 overlay; rental apartments- 800 to 1250 sq. ft.; mixed -use potential • Condos versus rentals in CH -2 zone • Condos versus rentals in CH -2 zone • Review CH -2 zoning in downtown; get rid of rental overlay • CH -2 condos versus rentals Other Opportunities • Additional data sources: planning, state, school demographics • Up to date data should be gathered so that we know where we stand • Do we currently have any homeless? Appendix A: Community Outreach • City should serve its citizens, not builders or developers • We value our trees but large trees require space on a site; lot coverage should be reduced to keep land for trees (and solar power). • Residential zoned housing should be affected as such in the master plan ACTIONS AND IDEAS 1. Aesthetics • How to get people into the Village • Parking, then walk to shops • Underground parking structure and housing on top at the commercial lot "Buy and Save" in the CH -2 zone • CH -2 not have rentals • Small district surrounded by offices • CH -2: we can charge the height! But does it help? • In CH -2, if house burnt down owner cannot rebuild a housing, only a small apartment instead • Motorcycles create noise pollution— detracts from Village aesthetic • Rentals in the Village haven't worked in the last 5 years since zoning changed • Challenge: Aesthetics goes beyond the Village 2. Public Services and Facilities • Housing at college, near public transit • Los Gatos bus type; small buses to feed from Saratoga to West Valley • Park system: encourage people to use the full -range of recreation, including historic walks • Re -draw school district so that most students can walk or bike • Bus to Argonaut; light rail at Campbell • School traffic alleviate by bus /vanpool • College campus for housing • Public Safety: hazardous fire zones in hills- increased building costs so reduces opportunity for low- income • Parks are nice; Walking district in the Village 3. Affordability A -9 Appendix A: Community Outreach • Encourage in -law units • Program for workforce housing; look at San Jose City and SJSU; grants and loans; gather data • City -owned lands? • Energy Conservation= utility costs reduced • Abrams property reserved for affordable housing for City workers • Encourage 2 d units rather than McMansions 4. Conserve Limited Resources • Conserve water recharge capacity • Solar opportunities /conserving sunlit spaces • City partnerships with developers to develop and maintain housing; rentals in particular /affordable • Incentives for green development; waiver permit fees • Passive solar design • Challenge: Environmental constraints; unbuildable • Challenge: Water resources potentially impacted 5. Variety of Housing Types • Add housing to existing commercial /shopping centers where appropriate • Add high end grocery store(s) to Village • Preservation of existing housing • Second units in the City's General Plan • Prevent conversion of senior housing into non - senior housing • Improve bus shelters/ provide protection from climate • Create "student" WVC housing • Look for redevelopment potential • Create "planned development zones" • Challenge: Lack of Transportation (public) 6. Civic Participation • Create programs that create pride of ownership (i.e. Habitat for Humanity) • Create design guidelines that create a sense of community A -10 Appendix B: Residential Land Resources Appendix B Residential Land Resources A. Adequate Sites State law requires each jurisdiction in California to demonstrate the availability of adequate sites through appropriate zoning and development standards and the availability of public services and facilities. These available sites must provide the necessary policy and regulatory guidance to accommodate a variety of housing types at a variety income levels. The City must demonstrate through policies and regulations that the estimated capacity of adequate sites will be able to accommodate the projected housing need for the 2007 -2014 Planning Period. The State Department of Finance (DOF) is responsible for projecting the total State -wide housing demand, with the State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) apportioning this demand to each of the State's regional governing bodies. This demand represents the number of additional units needed to accommodate the anticipated growth in the number of households, to replace expected demolitions and conversions of housing units to non - housing units, and to achieve a future vacancy rate that allows for healthy functioning of the housing market. The Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) is the Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO), for determining and allocating the region's projected new housing demand to municipalities within the MPO's jurisdiction. The allocation of projected housing demand is divided into four income categories: • Very Low- Income: 0 percent to 50 percent of the median income; • Low- Income: 51 percent to 80 percent of the median income; • Moderate - Income: 81 percent to 120 percent of the median income; and • Above Moderate - Income: more than 120 percent of the median income. Pursuant to AB 2634 (Statutes of 2006), the City of Saratoga must also address the projected housing need for Extremely Low- Income (ELI) households. ELI households are defined as households earning less than 30 percent of the area's median income. The projected Extremely Low- Income need can be assumed as 50 percent of the total need for Very Low- Income households. Through the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) process, regional -level housing growth needs are allocated to individual cities and counties comprising B -1 Residential Land Resources the MPO. The allocation takes into account factors such as market demand for housing, employment opportunities, the availability of suitable sites and public facilities, commuting patterns, type and tenure of housing need, and others. In determining a jurisdiction's share of new housing needs by income category, the allocation is adjusted to avoid an over - concentration of lower income households in any one jurisdiction. The current RHNA prepared by ABAG allocates housing needs for the period from January 1, 2007 to June 30, 2014. The RHNA identifies 292 units as the City of Saratoga's share of the region's housing for the 2007 -2014 planning period need. This need provides the basis for evaluating the availability of adequate sites for housing during the planning period. 1. Construction Achievements Through January 2009 Housing units constructed after January 1, 2007 are permitted to be counted as "credits" towards the current RHNA need. From January 2007 through January 2009, there were eight dwelling units constructed in Saratoga. All eight units have been determined to be affordable to Above Moderate - Income households. Table B -1 provides a summary of these units. The locations of these units are shown in Exhibit B -1 . By counting as credit recently constructed units, the remaining RHNA need for the 2007 -2014 planning period is 284 units. Allocation of the remaining need by income category is shown in Table B -2. Table B -1 Units Constructed January 2007- January 2009 APN Address Total Units' Affordability Category 510 -06 -069 19358 Saratoga -Los Gatos Rd 1 Above Moderate 410 -40 -003 18595 Avon Ln 1 Above Moderate 517 -08 -026 20626 Komina Ave 1 Above Moderate 389 -38 -046 13440 Harper Dr 1 Above Moderate 503 -19 -009 13000 Paramount Ct 1 Above Moderate 517 -22 -072 15400 Peach Hill Rd 1 Above Moderate 397 -20 -043 14650 Horseshoe Dr 1 Above Moderate 393 -07 -021 20215 Blauer Dr 1 Above Moderate Total 8 Notes: 'Based on building permits finaled through January 2009. Does not include projects currently under construction or in the review and entitlement process. Source: City of Saratoga B -2 Table B -2 City of Saratoga Adjusted RHNA Allocation 2007 -2014 Notes: 'Extremely Low- Income need assumed to be 50 percent of Low- Income allocation= 45 units Source: Regional Housing Needs Allocation B -3 Above Very Low- Moderate- Moderate - Income' Low- Income Income Income Total 2007 -2014 90 68 77 57 292 RHNA Need Construction 0 0 0 8 8 Achievements Adjusted 90 68 77 49 284 RHNA Need Notes: 'Extremely Low- Income need assumed to be 50 percent of Low- Income allocation= 45 units Source: Regional Housing Needs Allocation B -3 This page left intentionally blank. B -4 City of Saratoga Housing Element D c p O _J X C a a 0 d e Ge, 9P Units Constructed �0A City Parcels t ��a City Limits N i 0 1,500 3,000 Feet • « Units Constructed January 2007- January 2009 Exhibit B -I This page left intentionally blank. :. Appendix B: Residential Land Resources 1. Capacity to Meet Regional Share Goals To enable the City of Saratoga to meet RHNA goals, the City must evaluate its capacity to provide available sites to meet projected future housing needs. The City has a remaining RHNA need of 90 units for very low- income households, 68 units for low- income households, 77 units for moderate income households and 49 units for above - moderate income households. The City must demonstrate it has or will make available adequate sites with appropriate zoning and development standards and with services and facilities to accommodate the remaining RHNA need. The City currently has vacant land and underutilized sites available to accommodate future residential development. However, supplemental zoning and development standards to encourage and facilitate housing for lower income households must be enacted through the City's policy program to satisfy the requirements of state law. a. Vacant Land Most of the vacant land in the City of Saratoga is located in hillside areas. Table B -3 summarizes the vacant land in the City currently zoned for residential use. Exhibit B -2 shows the locations of vacant land. It is assumed estimated capacity of 110 dwelling units would provide residential units affordable to Above - Moderate Income households. Table B -3 Vacant Land Inventory APN Address Zoning Acres Density Total Capacity DU 36605033 BOWHILL CT HR 2.37 1 DU per parcel 1 36644001 PROSPECT RD HR 3.31 1 DU per parcel 1 36644003 FARR RANCH RD HR 14.73 1 DU per parcel 1 36649032 FARR RANCH CT HR 2.18 1 DU p er parcel 1 50312029 EDENCREST LN HR 2.32 1 DU per parcel 1 50312030 EDENCREST LN HR 3.00 1 DU per parcel 1 50312038 22657 GARROD RD HR 2.46 1 DU per parcel 1 50313039 MT EDEN RD HR 2.06 1 DU per parcel 1 50313067 MT EDEN RD HR 27.05 1 DU per parcel 1 50313127 MT EDEN RD HR 2.34 1 DU per parcel 1 50313128 MT EDEN RD HR 11.19 1 DU per parcel 1 50315002 COMER DR HR 25.48 1 DU per parcel 1 50315044 OLD OAK WAY HR 2.40 1 DU per parcel 1 M APN Address Zoning Acres Density Total Capacity DU 50315045 OLD OAK WAY HR 4.24 1 DU per parcel 1 50315059 OLD OAK WAY HR 4.60 1 DU per parcel 1 50315062 13341 OLD OAK WAY HR 3.73 1 DU per parcel 1 50331066 21791 HEBER WAY HR 6.70 1 DU per parcel 1 50331067 HEBER WAY HR 5.96 1 DU per parcel 1 50331068 21800 HEBER WAY HR 6.94 1 DU per parcel 1 50331088 13947 ALBAR CT HR 3.20 1 DU per parcel 1 50347007 PIERCE RD HR 72.68 1 DU per parcel 1 50362027 TOLLGATE RD HR 8.50 1 DU p er parcel 1 50369003 VIA REGINA HR 2.82 1 DU per parcel 1 50372014 MASSON CT HR 2.96 1 DU per parcel 1 51714003 BOLLMAN RD HR 2.18 1 DU per parcel 1 51714054 16250 KITTRIDGE RD HR 2.82 1 DU per parcel 1 51714084 BELNAP DR HR 2.76 1 DU per parcel 1 51714087 BELNAP DR HR 7.92 1 DU per parcel 1 51722111 15480 PEACH HILL RD HR 6.13 1 DU per parcel 1 51736001 BOHLMAN RD HR 2.53 1 DU per parcel 1 36612073 SARATOGA - SUNNYVALE RD R -1- 10,000 0.50 1 DU per parcel 1 39344025 HOWEN DR R -1- 10,000 0.50 1 DU per parcel 1 39344030 HOWEN DR R -1- 10,000 0.24 1 DU er parcel 1 39345004 SARATOGA AVE R -1- 10,000 0.43 1 DU per parcel 1 39345041 19932 BARONI CT R -1- 10,000 1.02 1 DU per parcel 1 50327081 ELVA AVE R -1- 10,000 0.47 1 DU per parcel 1 36612004 SARATOGA - SUNNYVALE RD R -1- 12,500 0.85 1 DU per parcel 1 50318002 SARATOGA - SUNNYVALE RD R -1- 12,500 0.37 1 DU per parcel 1 36614025 -- R -1- 15,000 0.35 1 DU er parcel 1 50323028 BROOKWOOD LN R -1- 15,000 0.41 1 DU per parcel 1 51719028 VICKERY AVE R -1- 20,000 0.49 1 DU per parcel 1 51722036 PIEDMONT RD R -1- 20,000 0.95 1 DU per parcel 1 51722037 PIEDMONT RD R -1- 20,000 0.59 1 DU per parcel 1 51722038 PIEDMONT RD R -1- 20,000 0.49 1 DU per parcel 1 51722039 PIEDMONT RD R -1- 20,000 0.47 1 DU per parcel 1 39703004 SOBEY RD R -1- 40,000 1.13 1 DU per parcel 1 39704086 SPRINGBROOK LN R -1- 40,000 0.97 1 DU per parcel 1 39705009 SOBEY RD R -1- 40,000 0.96 1 DU per parcel 1 39708057 MONTA VISTA DR R -1- 40,000 0.96 1 DU per parcel 1 Table B -3 Vacant Land Inventory APN Address Zoning Acres Density Total Capacity DU 39708062 MONTEWOOD DR R -1- 40,000 1.18 1 DU per parcel 1 39714013 14208 SHORT HILL CT R -1- 40,000 0.96 1 DU per parcel 1 39715016 ALLENDALE AVE R -1- 40,000 2.13 1 DU per parcel 1 39740010 14500 FRUITVALE AVE R -1- 40,000 1.05 1 DU per parcel 1 50328082 CANYON VIEW DR R -1- 40,000 2.52 1 DU p er parcel 1 50328103 CANYON VIEW DR R -1- 40,000 0.99 1 DU per parcel 1 50329036 SARATOGA HILLS RD R -1- 40,000 1.09 1 DU per parcel 1 50329068 SARATOGA HILLS RD R -1- 40,000 1.09 1 DU per parcel 1 50329103 SARATOGA HILLS RD R -1- 40,000 2.46 1 DU er parcel 1 503 -53- 061 SARAHILLS DR R -1- 40,000 0.97 1 DU per parcel 1 503 -55- 019 AMBRIC KNOLLS RD R -1- 40,000 1.64 1 DU per parcel 1 510 -04- 001 15311 BELLECOURT R -1- 40,000 1.11 1 DU per parcel 1 510 -04- 004 PEPPER LN R -1- 40,000 1.31 1 DU per parcel 1 517 -14- 081 NORTON RD R -1- 40,000 1.02 1 DU per parcel 1 517 -18- 055 MONTALVO HEIGHTS DR R -1- 40,000 2.34 1 DU per parcel 1 517 -22- 108 WILDCAT RD R -1- 40,000 2.45 1 DU per parcel 1 517 -36- 011 BIG BASIN WAY R -1- 40,000 1.91 1 DU per parcel 1 397 -16- 087 FRUITVALE AVE R -1- 40,000- PC 1.51 1 DU per parcel 1 397 -16- 120 FRUITVALE AVE R -1- 40,000- PC 1.46 1 DU per parcel 1 517 -08- 058 ST CHARLES ST R -M -3,000 0.22 3,000 sq ft per DU 3 389 -06- 018 -- R -M -4,000 0.42 4,000 sq ft per DU 4 389 -07- 056 VINEYARD LN R -M -4,000 0.10 4,000 sq ft per DU 1 503 -60- 016 SPRINGER AVE R -M -4,000 0.74 4,000 sq ft per DU 8 503 -60- 018 STONERIDGE DR R -M -4,000 1.42 4,000 sq ft per DU 15 m Table B -3 Vacant Land Inventory APN Address Zoning Acres Density Total Capacity DU 503 -64- STONERIDGE DR R -M -4,000 0.88 4,000 sq ft per 9 028 DU 503 -65- FIELDSTONE DR R -M -4,000 0.24 4,000 sq ft per 2 020 DU Total t7 110 Source: City of Saratoga AM City of Saratoga Housing Element L A � QQQQox CL 9 l0 0 d' ��sa C <� J� o P Vacant Land City Parcels Q`s N City Limits / 0 g � R N A L r • � 0 1.500 3,000 Feet 0 y3 Vacant Land Exhibit B -2 This page left intentionally blank. B -12 Residential Land Resources b. Current Projects The City of Saratoga has fourteen dwelling units currently under construction as of March 2009. Exhibit B -3 shows the locations of these units. Six units have been determined to be affordable to Above Moderate - Income households. The remaining eight units are second dwelling units with deed restrictions limiting rental of such units to low- income households. Table B -4 Units Under Construction APN Address Total Units Affordability Category 397 -03 -004 14289 Sobey Rd 1 Above Moderate 510 -26 -001 19930 Sunset Dr. 1 Above Moderate 517 -14 -003 15269 Bohlman Rd 1 Above Moderate 510 -10 -043 15199 Park Dr 1 Above Moderate 397 -18 -071 14900 Baran a Ln 1 Above Moderate 503 -69 -040 22000 Via Regina 1 Above Moderate 503 -69 -028 21891 Via Regina 2nd unit 1 Low 517 -22 -071 15400 Peach Hill Rd 2 "d unit 1 Low 397 -20 -043 14650 Horseshoe Dr 2 "d unit 1 Low 510 -03 -004 15230 Pepper Ln 2nd unit 1 Low 510 -10 -016 15211 Hume Dr 2nd unit 1 Low 503 -69 -012 14940 Gerneil Ct 2nd unit 1 Low 503 -68 -014 14141 Palomino Way 2 "d unit 1 Low 517 -20 -017 14890 Montalvo Rd 2nd unit 1 Low Total 14 Source: City of Saratoga B -13 This page left intentionally blank. B -14 City of Saratoga Housing Element 0 a V ro 0 'oaa e ,eco e e P Current Projects Q;et� �oAa City Parcels t to 5 City Limits ro y .c I i 0 1.500 3 -000 Feet _ - • ��it cl. J C ■, O \�i d o. Q1i Current Projects Exhibit B -3 This page left intentionally blank. . Residential Land Resources c. Candidate Sites for Mixed -Use Development The City has identified six adjoining parcels with potential for residential development. These parcels are located on Prospect Road between Saratoga Avenue and Lawrence Expressway and are currently zoned as Commercial Neighborhood (CN). The potential redevelopment capacity for each parcel was determined through an evaluation of existing use and the proposed permitted density. Table B -5 lists the identified parcels and indicates that all parcels have potential for lot consolidation. The City will rezone these sites into a new mixed -use zoning district with a minimum net density standard of 20 du /ac, allowing units to be counted towards meeting the City's lower income housing needs pursuant to AB 2348. There is potential to develop 87 dwelling units on the identified underutilized sites utilizing the 20 du /ac density standard. Table B -5 Candidate Sites Inventory B -17 Existing Existing Proposed Use Gener Square Density Capacity Parcel APN Description Acres al Plan Zoninq Footage Minimum # of units Notes 1 386 -10- Retail, 2.15 CR CN 23,021 20 du /ac 32 Potential for lot 043 Restaurant, consolidation Personal Services 2 386 -10- Personal 1.00 CR CN 9,357 20 du /ac 15 Potential for lot 004 Services consolidation 3 386 -10- Personal 0.29 CR CN 5,147 20 du /ac 3 Potential for lot 055 Services 8 consolidation 4 386 -10- Office 0.70 CR CN 3,081 20 du /ac 12 Potential for lot 056 0 consolidation 5 386 -10- Retail 0.93 CR CN 11,381 20 du /ac 13 Potential for lot 006 0 consolidation B -17 Table B -5 Candidate Sites Inventory Source: City of Saratoga B -18 Existing Existing Proposed Use Gener Square Density Capacity Parcel APN Descri tion Acres al Plan Zoning Footage Minimum # of units Notes 6 386 -10- Retail, 0.93 CR CN 14,527 20 du /ac 12 Potential for lot 007 Personal 0 consolidation Services, Office Total 87 Source: City of Saratoga B -18 City of Saratoga Housing Element D 44" O O d a „ �o 0 a o¢ Underutilized Sites Q�et� z 0.04' �,� City Parcels 1 Ica 5 City Limits i o h I i 0 1,500 3,000 Feet C ?lb o� 0 oy do, w 0 Underutilized Sites Exhibit B -4 This page left intentionally blank. B -20 Residential Land Resources Realistic Capacity Existing uses within the six underutilized parcels consist of single -story retail stores and small offices surrounded by parking. These retail and office uses are located in a 1960s one -story strip commercial development with few tenants and discontinued operation of some businesses. The center is characterized by outdated architectural styles consisting of tar and gravel roofs with interior court parking offering limited retail exposure. The City therefore anticipates that these sites are well- suited for higher density residential development. The parcels are located along a major transportation corridor and easily accessed by bus transit with proximity to an expressway. Across from these parcels is a grocery store; and near an existing retail mall and high school. The parcels contain adequate infrastructure to support residential development and no environmental constraints have been identified with the potential to limit residential development. The six parcels are located adjacent to current mixed -use, higher density developments occurring at the neighboring City of San Jose. These mixed -use projects illustrate the development trends occurring in the area. To encourage this type of development, this Housing Element update includes policy actions that amend the City's mixed -use development standards; support partnerships with the development community to provide housing opportunities for lower income households; and encourage lot consolidation of smaller parcels. Taking into account the existing square footage on the six acre site, there is a remaining 4.49 acres available for residential development. Accounting for recent development trends occurring in the area, adequate infrastructure and services, based on a minimum net density of 20 du /ac, there is a potential capacity of 87 dwelling units on these parcels. d. Odd Fellows Retirement Community Based on the provisions of AB 2348, the City must accommodate at least 50 percent of its lower income (very low- and low- income) RHNA need on sites zoned exclusively for residential use. The City has identified the Odd Fellows Retirement Community as having the greatest potential to accommodate this need. The retirement community is currently comprised of 143 independent living apartments and cottages. Developers have proposed the construction of a minimum of 75 additional units affordable to Very Low- and Low- Income households. These 75 units have the capacity to B -21 Appendix B: Residential Land Resources meet at least 50 percent of the City's remaining lower income RHNA need. The community is comprised of 47.76 acres, of which 30.78 acres are vacant. The project is in the early development stage and no approvals have been given. Exhibit B -5 shows the location of the Odd Fellows Retirement Community. Table B -6 Odd Fellows Retirement Community APN Address Existing Use Acres 397 -12 -012 14500 Fruitvale Avenue Retirement Community 1.64 397 -12 -019 25.06 397 -12 -016 10.53 50,029 1 9.38 Total 30.78 Source: City of Saratoga B -22 Existing Genera Square Remaining I Plan Zonina Foota a Acres CFS R -1 — 15,876 1.28 40,000 214,975 20.12 50,029 1 9.38 Total 30.78 Source: City of Saratoga B -22 City of Saratoga I� Housing Element f O c 0 o IM CL d ce�oaa z Je aP,ec �oA =Odd Fellows Community City Parcels H ca City Limits i 0 1,500 3,000 Feet �� ... G:-N �o \ `� Odd Fellows Community Exhibit B-5 This page left intentionally blank. :�►Z1 Appendix B: Residential Land Resources 2. Sites Summary Table B -7 summarizes the City of Saratoga's capacity to meet RHNA goals. Table B -7 Sites Summary Notes: 'The Extremely Low - Income need is assumed to be 50 percent of the Very Low- Income allocation= 45 units. 'Based on building permits finaled through March 2009. Source: City of Saratoga B. Assisted Units "At- Risk" of Conversion The State Housing Element Law requires jurisdictions to analyze government - assisted housing that is eligible for conversion from lower income to market rate housing over the next 10 years. State Law identifies housing assistance as a rental subsidy, mortgage subsidy, or mortgage insurance to an assisted housing development. Government assisted housing converts to market rate housing for a number of reasons including expiring subsidies, mortgage repayments, or expiration of affordability restrictions. This section will address: 1 :1vial Above Very Low- Low- Moderate- Moderate - Income' Income Income Income Total 2007 -2014 90 68 77 57 292 RHNA Need Construction Achievements January 2007 - 0 0 0 8 8 January 20092 Vacant Land Capacity 0 0 0 110 110 Units Under Construction 0 8 0 6 14 Candidate Sites 87 0 0 87 Odd Fellows Retirement 75 0 0 75 Community Notes: 'The Extremely Low - Income need is assumed to be 50 percent of the Very Low- Income allocation= 45 units. 'Based on building permits finaled through March 2009. Source: City of Saratoga B. Assisted Units "At- Risk" of Conversion The State Housing Element Law requires jurisdictions to analyze government - assisted housing that is eligible for conversion from lower income to market rate housing over the next 10 years. State Law identifies housing assistance as a rental subsidy, mortgage subsidy, or mortgage insurance to an assisted housing development. Government assisted housing converts to market rate housing for a number of reasons including expiring subsidies, mortgage repayments, or expiration of affordability restrictions. This section will address: 1 :1vial Residential Land Resources • An inventory of assisted housing units that are "at- risk" of converting to market rate housing; • An analysis of the costs of preserving and /or replacing these units; • Resources that could be used to preserve "at- risk' units; • Program efforts for preservation of at -risk housing units; and • Quantified objectives for the number of "at- risk' units to be preserved during the Housing Element Planning Period. 1. Inventory of At -Risk Units Table B-8 Units "At- Risk" of Conversion 2007 -2014 Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 2008 2. Cost of Preservation Versus Replacement a. Preservation Strategies There are many options for unit preservation: providing financial incentives to project owners to extend low- income use restrictions, purchase of affordable housing units by a non - profit or public agency, or providing local subsidies to offset the difference between the affordable and market rate. Scenarios for preservation will depend on the type of project at -risk. b. Local Rental Subsidy One strategy for preservation of units at -risk during the Planning Period is to provide a local rent subsidy to residents. Rent subsidies can provide assistance to B -26 Type Of Length of Earliest Total Assisted Pro'ect Address Units Program Affordability Conversion Units Units Fellowship 14520 Senior 202/811 60 months 2009 150 150 Plaza Fruitvale (Very Low (144 1- Ave. and Low- Bdr; Income ) 6 2 -Bdr Saratoga 18855 Senior Section 8 60 months 2011 20 20 (1- Court Cox Ave. NC (Moderate- Bdr) Income) Total 170 Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 2008 2. Cost of Preservation Versus Replacement a. Preservation Strategies There are many options for unit preservation: providing financial incentives to project owners to extend low- income use restrictions, purchase of affordable housing units by a non - profit or public agency, or providing local subsidies to offset the difference between the affordable and market rate. Scenarios for preservation will depend on the type of project at -risk. b. Local Rental Subsidy One strategy for preservation of units at -risk during the Planning Period is to provide a local rent subsidy to residents. Rent subsidies can provide assistance to B -26 Appendix B: Residential Land Resources residents when their affordable units convert to market rate. To determine the subsidy needed, Fair Market Rents were compared to market rate rents. Table B -9 Fair Market Rents (Santa Clara County) 2008 Size of Unit Fair Market Rate 0 bedroom $928 1 bedroom $1,076 2 bedroom $1,293 3 bedroom $1,859 4 bedroom $2,047 Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development PF Table 8 -10 Estimated Monthly Subsidy to Preserve "At -Risk' Units Unit Size Rents Number of Units Difference Monthly Subsidy Annual Subsidy Fair Market Rents' Market Rate2 Studio $928 $1,544 0 $616 $0 $0 1 bedroom $1,076 $1,822 164 $746 $122,344 $1,468,128 2 bedroom $1,293 $2,406 1 6 $1,113 $6,678 $80,136 3 bedroom $1,859 $3,073 0 $1,214 $0 $0 Total $1,548,264 Notes: 'HUD Fair Market Rents 2008 2RealFacts, Market Comparison 2008 Fourth Quarter. Average of comparable markets rents from City of Palo Alto, City of Los Altos and City of Los Gatos, which are similar to the City of Saratoga. c. Replacement Cost Saratoga may consider the cost of unit replacement with new construction. Construction cost estimates include per unit land costs and all hard and soft costs associated with construction. The analysis assumes the replacement units are garden -style apartments with parking provided on -site. Square footage estimates are based on the average unit size per the prevailing sales in the region. Land costs have been determined on a per unit basis. B -27 Appendix B: Residential Land Resources Table B -11 Replacement Costs by Unit Type' Unit Size Costs per Square Foot Average Square Foot /Unite Replacement Cost per Unit' Studio $250 496 $149,000 1 bedroom $250 774 $218,500 2 bedroom $250 1,051 $287,750 3 bedroom $250 1,316 $354,000 Notes: 'Based on the prevailing market conditions. Units assumed as garden -style apartments with on -site parking. 2Based on average square footage reported by RealFacts 'Includes construction costs, financing, and land acquisition costs of $25,000 per unit. Source: RBF Consulting 2008 Table B -12 Replacement Costs of "At -Risk" Units' Unit Size Replacement Cost per Unit Number of Units Total Replacement Costs Studio $149,000 0 $0 1 bedroom $218,500 164 $35,834,000 2 bedroom $287,750 6 $1,726,500 3 bedroom 1 $354,000 1 0 $0 Total $37,560,500 Notes: 'Based on prevailing market conditions. Units assumed as garden -style apartments with on -site parking. Includes construction costs, financing, and land acquisition costs of $25,000. Source: RBF Consulting 2008 d. Resources for Preservation A variety of programs exist to assist cities acquire, replace, or subsidize at -risk affordable housing units. The following summarizes financial resources available to the City of Saratoga. I . Federal Programs • Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) — CDBG funds are awarded to cities on a formula basis for housing activities. The primary objective of the CDBG program is the development of viable communities through the provision of decent housing, a suitable living B -28 Appendix B: Residential Land Resources environment, and economic opportunity for principally low- and moderate - income persons. Funds can be used for housing acquisition, rehabilitation, economic development and public services. HOME Investment Partnership - HOME funds are granted by formula basis from HUD to increase the supply of decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing to lower income households. Eligible activities include new construction, acquisition, rental assistance and rehabilitation. • Section 8 Rental Assistance Program - The Section 8 Rental Assistance program provides rental assistance payments to owners of private, market rate units on behalf of very low- income tenants. Section 811/202 Program (Supportive Housing for Person with Disabilities /Elderly) - Non - profit and consumer cooperatives can receive no interest capital advances from HUD under the Section 202 program for the construction of very low- income rental housing for seniors and persons with disabilities. These funds can be used in conjunction with Section 811, which can be used to develop group homes, independent living facilities and immediate care facilities. Eligible activities include acquisition, rehabilitation, new construction and rental assistance. ii. State Programs California Housing Finance Agency (CaIHFA) Multifamily Programs - CaIFHA's Multifamily Programs provide permanent financing for the acquisition, rehabilitation, and preservation or new construction of rental housing that includes affordable rents for low- and moderate - income families and individuals. One of the programs is the Acquisition Finance Program, which is designed to facilitate the acquisition of at -risk affordable housing developments and provide low cost funding to preserve affordability. • Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) - This program provides tax credits to individuals and corporations that invest in low- income rental housing. Tax credits are sold to those with high liability and proceeds are used to create housing. Eligible activities include new construction, rehabilitation and acquisition of properties. 11.144] Appendix B: Residential Land Resources California Community Reinvestment Corporation (CCRC) — The California Community Reinvestment Corporation is a multi - family affordable housing lender whose mission is to increase the availability of affordable housing for low- income families, seniors, and residents with special needs by facilitating private capital flow from its investors for debt and equity to developers of affordable housing. Eligible activities include new construction, rehabilitation and acquisition of properties. iii. Local Programs Monitoring At -Risk Units — Through the Community Development Department, the City continually monitors the eligibility of affordable housing to convert to market -rate housing. Constant monitoring allows the City to anticipate the timeframe by which affordability covenants would expire, allowing the City to implement various resources to ensure the continued affordability of the housing units. iv. Qualified Entities The following lists qualified entities who are interested in purchasing government- subsidized multi - family projects within Santa Clara County. • Affordable Housing Foundation • BRIDGE Housing Corporation • Cambrian Center, Inc. • Charities Housing Development Corporation • Christian Church Homes of Northern California, Inc. • Community Home Builders and Associates • Community Housing Developers, Inc. • Matinah Salaam • Mid - Peninsula Housing Coalition • Palo Alto Housing Corporation • Palo Alto Senior Housing Project, Inc. • Satellite Housing, Inc. • South County Housing, Inc. Appendix B: Residential Land Resources e. Quantified Objectives Housing Element law requires that cities establish the maximum number of units that can be preserved over the planning period. Two assisted projects with a total of 170 units are at -risk of converting to market -rate housing within the planning period. The City of Saratoga will explore appropriate funding opportunities to assist in preserving all 170 affordable housing units. B -31 This page left intentionally blank. B -32 Appendix C Past Performance Table C -1 Evaluation of 1999 - 2006 Housing Element Past Performance Goal 1: To accommodate the City's fair share of the Bay Area regional housing need for all income groups. Objective: To designate sufficient vacant land and /or sites with re -use potential to accommodate the CityJs allocation under the Regional Housing Needs Determination (RHND) adopted by the Association of Bay Area Governments. The RHND allocation for Saratoga between January 1, 1999 and June 30, 2006 is as follows: Program 1.1: Zoning Code Changes for Second Units C -1 To meet the needs of very low -, low -, and moderate - income households, the City will amend its second unit standards to include the following changes: • eliminating age - related occupancy restrictions, Program Activity • eliminating the 1.6-acre minimum site area requirement for detached second units, • eliminating the annual limit of 20 permits on the approval of second units, and • allowing uncovered parking if necessary to achieve affordability to very low- or low- income occupants The City's Zoning Ordinance was revised in March 2005 to amend second unit standards eliminating age - related occupancy Progress in restrictions; eliminating the 1.6 acre minimum site area Implementation requirement for detached second units; eliminating the annual limit of 20 permits on the approval of second units; and allowing uncovered parking to meet the requirements for second units with affordability restrictions. Require property owners receiving permits for new second units to Program Activity record an affordability covenant for at least 30 years restricting occupancy of their second units to very low- or low- income households at affordable rent level. Between the years 2003 -2006, eleven second units were Progress in permitted and deed - restricted to be affordable to lower income Implementation households. The City continues to require new second units to record an affordability covenant for at least 30 years. Program Activity The City will promote its second unit standards by posting information on the City's website, preparing an information C -1 Past Performance Table C -1 Evaluation of 1999 - 2006 Housing Element Past Performance Program 1.2: Amend Zoning Code to Implement a Mixed Use Overlay Zone brochure to be distributed to public places in the City, and Program Activity providing annual information to single - family property owners on the benefits of, and permit requirements for second units. Public information with respect to second units is provided at the Progress in front counter or suggested to project applicants during staff review Implementation of a project. There is no formal information such as pamphlets or website information. Program Activity The City will monitor the production of second units through an annual report to the City Council on the number of new second units constructed each year and their affordability by income level. If the number and affordability of second units falls short of the Program Activity assumptions contained in "Discussions of New Construction Implementation Objectives" (five units per year), the City will adopt additional revisions to the Zoning Ordinance and additional incentives to increase the likelihood that the new construction objectives contained in the Housing Element can be achieved. The City of Saratoga annually reviewed the 1999 -2006 Housing Element, which reports on the number of units constructed each Progress in year. Both the City's Planning Commission and the City Council Implementation reviewed the report. The City adopted additional incentives to encourage the development of second units, including 10% additional site coverage, 10% additional floor area and a garage requirement waiver. Program 1.2: Amend Zoning Code to Implement a Mixed Use Overlay Zone C -2 The City will adopt a Zoning Code amendment to implement a Program Activity residential mixed -use overlay zone that will be applied to all commercial zones within the City of Saratoga, including sites with the greatest immediate potential for residential -mixed use. Progress in The City amended the Zoning Code on April 21, 2004 to Implementation implement the Mixed -Use Overlay zone. The new mixed -use overlay zone will contain appropriate Program Activity development standards, including residential density and parking standards, suitable for the development of low -and moderate - income housing. The City's Zoning Code has been revised to include development Progress in standards for the mixed -use designation, the standards include: Implementation • Maximum density is 20 dwelling units per net acre; • The dwelling units shall be located on the second floor or C -2 Appendix C: Past Performance Table C -1 Evaluation of 1999 - 2006 Housing Element Past Performance the rear of the parcel; • The dwelling unit(s) shall not comprise more than 50 percent of the total floor area of all buildings on the site; • Parking for both the non - residential and the dwelling unit(s) shall be as specified in the Zoning Ordinance; • Perimeter fencing shall be required to the maximum height allowed in the Zoning Ordinance; • Each dwelling shall have private, usable outdoor space; • The maximum height of a mixed -use structure shall be twenty -six feet; • The design of mixed -use projects will be required to conform to the policies and techniques of the Residential Design Handbook and any other design standards in place for the area of application; • Overall site coverage may be increased up to ten percent for projects containing deed restricted below market rate housing units; • Mixed -use projects shall have sound walls and landscape screening in order to protect the privacy and quality of life of abutting single - family residential lands uses; • The residential component of a mixed -use project shall be rental; • Projects with multiple stories shall be reviewed to ensure that design features such as setbacks and window placement provide adequate privacy protection; • Non - residential structures or parcels created or developed as part of a previous mixed -use development or multi- family development may not be redeveloped as a mixed - use development at a greater density or intensity of use; • Smaller mixed -use projects (twenty or fewer dwelling units) must pay an in lieu fee for park construction; and • In larger mixed -use projects (more than twenty dwelling units) either the developer must pay an in lieu fee for park construction or construct common, useable open space on site. Projects that include residential - commercial mixed -uses will be Program Activity subjected to the City's density bonus - affordability requirement (see program 2.1). Progress in I In June 2006, the City Council adopted the Statewide Density C -3 Appendix C: Past Performance Table C -1 Evaluation of 1999 - 2006 Housing Element Past Performance Implementation Bonus Law. The City's current Density Bonus Ordinance allows the residential portion of mixed -use projects (permitted to comprise 50 percent of total floor area of all buildings on site) to increase by 10 percent for projects providing below market -rate rental housing. In addition, the total site coverage may also be increased by 10 percent for mixed -use projects containing deed - restricted below market -rate housing units. The City will promote the mixed -use overlay zone by preparing an information package to be distributed to each commercial property owner in Saratoga, local real estate firms, and developer who are active in the area. The information package sent to real estate firms and developers will include a list of sites the City has Program Activity determined have the greatest immediate potential for mixed -use residential development. The City will post information about mixed -use development opportunities on its website. The City will annually update and redistribute its information package on mixed -use development opportunities and update website information as the status of mixed -use sites changes. Progress in The City has not prepared an information packet informing Implementation developers about the mixed -use zone. The City will monitor the production of housing produced though the mixed -use overlay through an annual report to the City Council on the units constructed each year and their affordability by income level. If the number and affordability of second units Program Activity falls short of the assumptions contained in "Discussion of New Construction Objectives" (approximately eight per year), the City will adopt additional revisions to the Zoning Ordinance and additional incentives to increase the likelihood that the new construction objectives contained in the Housing Element can be achieved. The City of Saratoga annually reviewed the 1999 -2006 Housing Element, which reports on the number of units constructed each year. Both the City's Planning Commission and the City Council Progress in reviewed the report. The City approved a new, small mixed -use Implementation project in the Village in August 2006. In January 2006, the parking requirements in the downtown Village were relaxed to encourage the development and facilitate the establishment of apartments over existing retail uses. Goal 2: Encourage the Construction of Housing Affordable to Lower- and Moderate - Income Household and Increase Affordable Housing Options. C -4 Past Performance Table C -1 Evaluation of 1999 - 2006 Housing Element Past Performance Objective: To increase the supply of affordable housing and housing options in Saratoga to house additional households and families earning less than 80% of the Santa Clara County median income. Program 2.1: Density Bonuses and Affordable Requirement for Very Low- and Low - Income Housing The City will amend the Zoning Code to implement state law (Section 65915 of the California Government Code) requiring at least a 25 percent density bonus for any residential project in which at least 10 percent of the units are affordable to very low - income households or 20 percent of the units are affordable to low- income households or 50 percent of the units are designed for seniors. In addition to the density bonus, the City will offer one or more of the following incentives to increase the financial feasibility of constructing the affordable housing: • Fee waivers, reductions, and /or deferrals. • Modified standards for mixed -use projects (such as higher Program Activity floor area ratio) that decrease development costs. • Modified design review process to avoid unnecessary or excessive costs or delays for achieving City development standards. • Other incentives identified by the project sponsor or the City that will reduce development costs while achieving the overall intent of the City's zoning standards. The City will require that properties rezoned for the mixed -use overlay zone will include the minimum percentages of affordable or senior housing listed above as a condition of permit approval and the granting of density bonuses and /or other incentives. Progress in In June 2006, the City Council adopted the Statewide Density Implementation Bonus Law. Program 2.2: Saratoga Retirement Community The City will work with the Saratoga Retirement Community to set aside as many dwellings of the Phase I expansion (1 10- units) as possible. The first phase of this project developed by SRC for low - income households (currently under construction) has reserved Program Activity 49 -units for individuals whose annual income is less than $15,000 under a long -term covenant that permanently reserves these units for very low- income households. Phase II units approved or under construction since May 2001 (144 units) do not contain very low- or low- income restricted units with Iona -term C -5 Appendix C: Past Performance Table C -1 Evaluation of 1999 - 2006 Housing Element Past Performance affordability covenants. Phase II also includes the conversion of an existing building to rental apartments. The conversion does not include 150 Section 8 units affordable to very low- income households that will continue (to) be restricted and affordable to this income level. The City will negotiate very low- and low - income affordable housing requirements in future residential phases. Phase I of this project has been completed and is currently Progress in occupied. This was the phase that included 49 units for very low - Implementation income households. Phase 11, which consists of 47 units for moderate - income households and 97 units for above moderate - income households have also been completed. Program 2.3: Assist in Obtaining Subsidies for Affordable Housing Development The City of Saratoga will assist housing providers in accessing state and federal funding sources, as appropriate, to subsidize the construction of housing affordable to lower- and moderate - income households. Assistance may take one of several forms: • Applying for state or federal funding on behalf of a project sponsor. Program Activity • Assisting a project sponsor in assembling documentation and endorsements to support an application for state or federal funds. • Providing a local cash match, to be determined on a request basis (if City funds are available). • Designating a portion o f the City's annual Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) allocation when necessary to provide gap financing. The Santa Clara County CDBG provided $129,390 for one senior home at 20218 Blauer Drive between fiscal years2001 -2005. The City also provided $39,707 for a house on Vista Drive in Progress in Cupertino which house's Saratoga Residents in fiscal year 2001 - 2002. Implementation The City has invited both public and /or non - profit organizations to propose eligible projects for the City's annual allocation of CDBG funds. However, the City has not been approached by developers of low- income housing in Saratoga. Program 2.4: First -Time Homebuyer Assistance Program Activity The City will make an annual contribution to a regional housing fund dedicated to providing first -time homebuyers assistance and C -6 Past Performance Table C -1 Evaluation of 1999 - 2006 Housing Element Past Performance that serves residents of Saratoga. The amount of the contribution will be determined each year based on the availability of funding. The public and /or non - profit organizations that will receive the funds each year will be based on funding requests from those organizations, the nature of purpose of their programs, and how well their programs address the housing needs of Saratoga. Progress in Due to the rising high cost of housing in Saratoga, the City has Implementation not been able to participate in these programs and has not made any contributions to the regional housing fund. Goal 3: Assist Lower - Income Homeowners in Maintaining Their Homes Objective: To eliminate substandard housing conditions in Saratoga through financial assistance to low- income homeowners who are unable to properly maintain or repair their homes. Program 3.1: Saratoga Housing Rehabilitation and Assistance Program The City will continue to provide housing rehabilitation assistance Program Activity to homeowners earning 80 percent or less of the Santa Clara County median income through the Saratoga Housing Assistance and Rehabilitation Program (SHARP). The City continues to fund the Saratoga Housing Assistance and Progress in Rehabilitation Program through the use of CDBG funds. The Implementation principal beneficiaries of the program are low- income seniors. The City advertises the availability of low /no interest CDBG loans in the quarterly Saratogan Newsletter and the City's website. Goal 4: Preserve Existing Affordable Housing in Saratoga Program 4.1: Preserve Existing Affordable Rental Housing The City will seek to preserve existing affordable rental housing (177 units in three developments) through the following actions: • Monitor compliance with state and federal tenant and public notice requirements prior to any change in funding or ownership status. • Provide financial assistance for property maintenance and Program Activity improvements, or provide assistance in obtaining state and /or federal funding for property maintenance and improvements. • Identify one or more non - profit entities interested in the right of first refusal should one or more of the properties become available for sale. Provide financial assistance, or assist the non - profit in obtaining state or federal funds for acquisition and preservation as affordable rental housing. C -7 Table C -1 Evaluation of 1999 - 2006 Housing Element Past Performance • Require that any financial assistance be tied to a minimum 30- year affordability covenant binding on all current and future property owners during the effective time period. The City has continued to monitor the 177 existing affordable rental units located at: Progress in Saratoga Court — 18855 Cox Avenue Implementation • Saratoga Retirement Community (Odd Fellows) — 14520 Fruitvale Avenue F s 4.Z Amw fcwba*v Senor Lkift The City will adopt a program that allows owners of properties with second units that have not received building permits meeting all of the requirements of the California Building Standards (Title 24) for the second units to bring the noncompliant units into Program Activity compliance with current building code standards and receive a building permit. The City will require property owners receiving permits for existing second units to record an affordability covenant for at least 30 years restricting occupancy of their second units to very low- or low- income households at affordable rent levels. Progress in Implementation The City's Zoning Ordinance was amended in March 5, 2003 and outlines the process by which existing second units in compliance with the City's Building Code can be granted building permits and noncompliant units can be brought into compliance. In order to be in compliance, second units must have the following standards: Where the second dwelling unit is located upon a hillside lot, the applicant shall demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the Community Development Director that the second dwelling unit is not subject to actual or potential damage from landslide, earth movement or other geologic hazard. In lieu of compliance with the Uniform Building Code, the second dwelling unit shall comply with the Uniform Housing Code as adopted by the City and shall otherwise comply with applicable health and fire codes. Provided that not less than three off- street parking spaces are available on the site, the requirement of a covered parking space for the second dwelling unit may be waived if there is no feasible location on the site for either a garage or carport. In such event, the parking space for the second dwelling unit shall be screened from view from the NIR Table C -1 Evaluation of 1999 - 2006 Housing Element Past Performance Program 5.1: Fair Housing Program C -9 street, if possible; otherwise, the driveway on the site may be utilized as a parking space for the second dwelling unit. • Where the second dwelling unit is served by a septic tank, the septic system shall be inspected and approved by the County Health Department. In addition, the applicant shall execute and record a deferred improvement agreement wherein the applicant and his successors will be obligated to connect the second dwelling unit, and the main dwelling if also served by a septic system, to a sanitary sewer whenever the same becomes available and to pay his proportionate share of the installation cost. The City will promote its second unit standards by posting information on the City's website, preparing an information Program Activity brochure to be distributed to public places in the City, and providing annual information to single - family property owners on the benefits of, and permit requirements for, second units. The City provides information on second units at the City's Progress in Planning Counter and suggests them during design review of a Implementation project. There are currently no informational pamphlets available for distribution. The City will monitor the production of existing second units brought into zoning code conformity through an annual report to the City Council. The annual report will indicate the number of existing second units brought into conformance each year and their affordability by income level. If the number and affordability Program Activity of second units falls short of the assumptions contained in "Discussion of New Construction Objectives" (four units per year), the City will adopt additional revisions to the Zoning Ordinance and additional incentives to increase the likelihood that the new construction objectives contained in the Housing Element can be achieved. The City of Saratoga annually reviewed the 1999 -2006 Housing Element, which reports on the number of units constructed each Progress in year. Both the City's Planning Commission and the City Council Implementation reviewed the report. The City does not report on the number of existing second units brought into conformance in the Housing Element's annual review. Goal 5: Promote Eaual Housina Oonortunity for All Saratoga Residents Program 5.1: Fair Housing Program C -9 Appendix C: Past Performance Table C -1 Evaluation of 1999 - 2006 Housing Element Past Performance Program Activity The City will encourage fair housing practices by continuing to cooperate with non - profit housing and citizen organizations. The City will also encourage citizen participation from all segments of the community in identifying and discussing housing issues. The City has designated a Fair Housing Coordinator to monitor and coordinate fair housing activities in the City, including an annual fair housing event to be conducted with representatives of non- profit, real estate, and lending institutions. The Fair Housing Coordinator will also refer discrimination complaints to the Mid - Peninsula Citizens for Fair Housing or the County of Santa Clara Office of Consumer Affairs. The City will implement this program by: • Disseminating fair housing information at public gathering places (such as City Hall, the Senior Center, Library, and Community Center). • Posting fair housing information on the City's website and including information in the City's monthly newsletter. • Annually reminding Saratoga residents and property owners of fair housing requirements and services through public utility billings (provided the utility service providers are willing to include inserts in their mailings). • Conducting an annual workshop on fair housing and related concerns to identify those concerns and appropriate responses to fair housing issues. The City continues to disseminate information packets about Fair Housing Regulations and refers discrimination complaints to the Progress in Mid - Peninsula Citizens for Fair Housing or to the County of Santa Implementation Clara Office of Consumer Affairs. The City continues to employ a Fair Housing Coordinator to monitor and coordinate fair housing activities in the City. Program 5.2: Sites for Emergency and Transitional Housing Facilities and Services The City will amend the Zoning Code to designate appropriate zones for the location of emergency and transitional housing facilities and appropriate services should the need for such Program Activity services arise in Saratoga. The proposed mixed -use overlay zone (see Program 1.2) will be the designated zone for such land uses. This zone will supplement existing Zoning Code provisions that allow establishment of temporary emergency shelters on a C -10 Table C -1 Evaluation of 1999 - 2006 Housing Element Past Performance rotating basis among area religious establishments. The City will promote and facilitate the new zoning provisions for emergency shelters and transitional housing in Saratoga in the following manner: • The City will contact religious institutions in Saratoga to inform them of provisions of the City's Zoning Code for emergency shelters and transitional housing. • The City will contact public agencies and nonprofit organizations that serve homeless and near homeless clients in the region to inform them of the City's provisions. • The City will allow transitional housing to qualify for residential bonuses and incentives proposed for the mixed -use overlay zone (See Program 1.2). • The City will meet annually with homeless service providers to evaluate current and future needs for a homeless or transitional housing facility in Saratoga. Should the need for such facilities arise, the City will provide assistance in accessing state or federal funding for such facilities through its zoning provisions and conditional use permit process. The City will also provide information within the City's possession that may assist in preparing a competitive funding request. Included in the Mixed -Use Overlay ordinance is a provision that indicates that anywhere Mixed -Use developments are allowed so Progress in will emergency and transitional housing. The City of Saratoga has Implementation issued a Conditional Use Permit to the Saratoga Ministerial Association for a rotating emergency shelter program to be housed at various local churches. Progr 5.3: Evakxfim of /locaani --da of Pas= v� lh dos The City will evaluate its planning policies, zoning, and other development regulations, permit procedures, and building code enforcement to ensure that the applications of these policies, processes, regulations do not create unreasonable impediments to the availability and affordability of housing and supportive Program Activity services for persons with disabilities. Specifically, the City will: • Review the impact of its planning policies and zoning on the types of housing and supportive services that are permitted in Saratoga. • Evaluate permit procedures and discretionary permit processes to ensure these do not create discriminatory standards for C -11 Past Performance Table C -1 Evaluation of 1999 - 2006 Housing Element Past Performance persons with disabilities. • Review the City's code enforcement practices for compliance with state and federal laws related to persons with disabilities and to ensure that alternative techniques are permitted to meet the needs of such persons. • Evaluate the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of a universal design ordinance based on a model ordinance that may be adopted by the State of California or other agencies and examples or local ordinances adopted by other cities or counties. The Community Development Department has reviewed its Progress in ordinances and policies to ensure that the City does not in any Implementation fashion condone discrimination against persons with disabilities due to any zoning code, building code, or development regulations. C -12 Appendix C: Past Performance Table C -2 Progress in Achieving Housing Element Quantified Objectives 1999 - 2006 Program Quantified Objective Level of Achievement Gos�►cior�. Very Low - Income 75 60 Low Income 36 1 Moderate Income 108 108 Above Moderate Income 320 455 Total Housing Rehabilitation Very Low- Income 539 10 624 4 Low Income 20 0 Moderate Income Not Applicable Not Applicable Above Moderate Income Not Applicable Not Applicable Total Preservation of At -Risk Rental Very Low- Income 30 Housing 177 4 177 Low Income Not Applicable Not Applicable Moderate Income Not Applicable Not Applicable Above Moderate Income Not Applicable Not Applicable Total 177 177 C -13 This page left intentionally blank. C -14 Appendix D: Glossary of Terms Appendix D Glossary of Terms Above - Moderate - Income Household. A household with an annual income usually greater than 120% of the area median family income adjusted by household size, as determined by a survey of incomes conducted by a city of a county, or in the absence of such a survey, based on the latest available legibility limits established by the U.S. Department of housing and Urban Development (HUD) for the §8 housing program. Apartment. An apartment is one (1) or more rooms in an apartment house or dwelling occupied or intended or designated for occupancy by one (1) family for sleeping or living purposes and containing one (1) kitchen. Assisted Housing. Generally multi - family rental housing, but sometimes single - family ownership units, whose construction, financing, sales prices, or rents have been subsidized by federal, state, or local housing programs including, but not limited to Federal state, or local housing programs including, but not limited to Federal §8 (new construction, substantial rehabilitation, and loan management set - asides), Federal §s 213, 236, and 202, Federal §221 (d) (3) (below- market interest rate program), Federal §101 (rent supplement assistance), CDBG, FmHA §515, multi - family mortgage revenue bond programs, local redevelopment and in lieu fee programs, and units developed pursuant to local inclusionary housing and density bonus programs. Below- market -rate (BMR). Any housing unit specifically priced to be sold or rented to low- or moderate - income households for an amount less than the fair - market value of the unit. Both the State of California and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development set standards for determining which households qualify as "low income" or "moderate income." (2) The financing of housing at less than prevailing interest rates. Build -out. That level of urban development characterized by full occupancy of all developable sites in accordance with the General Plan; the maximum level of development envisioned by the General Plan. Build -out does not assume that each parcel is developed to include all floor area or housing units possible under zoning regulations. D -1 Glossary of Terms Community Development Block Grant (CDBG). A grant program administered by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) on a formula basis for entitlement communities and by the State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) for non - entitled jurisdictions. This grant allots money to cities and counties for housing rehabilitation and community development, including public facilities and economic development Condominium. A structure of two or more units, the interior spaces of which are individually owned; the balance of the property (both land and building) is owned in common by the owners of the individual units. (See "Townhouse. ") Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions (CC &Rs). A term used to describe restrictive limitations that may be placed on property and its use, and which usually are made a condition of holding title or lease. Deed. A legal document which affects the transfer of ownership of real estate from the seller to the buyer. Density Bonus. The allocation of development rights that allow a parcel to accommodate additional square footage or additional residential units beyond the maximum for which the parcel is zoned, usually in exchange for the provision or preservation of an amenity at the same site or at another location. Density, Residential. The number of permanent residential dwelling units per acre of land. Densities specified in the General Plan may be expressed in units per gross acre or per net developable acre. Developable Land. Land that is suitable as a location for structures and that can be developed free of hazards to, and without disruption of, or significant impact on, natural resource areas. Down Payment. Money paid by a buyer from his own funds, as opposed to that portion of the purchase price which is financed. Duplex. A detached building under single ownership that is designed for occupation as the residence of two families living independently of each other. Dwelling Unit (du). A building or portion of a building containing one or more rooms, designed for or used by one family for living or sleeping purposes, and having a separate bathroom and only one kitchen or kitchenette. See Housing Unit. D -2 Glossary of Terms Elderly Housing. Typically one- and two- bedroom apartments or condominiums designed to meet the needs of persons 62 years of age and older or, if more than 150 units, persons 55 years of age and older, and restricted to occupancy by them. Emergency Shelter. A facility that provides immediate and short-term housing and supplemental services for the homeless. Shelters come in many sizes, but an optimum size is considered to be 20 to 40 beds. Supplemental services may include food, counseling, and access to other social programs. (See "Homeless" and "Transitional Housing. ") Extremely Low - Income Household. A household with an annual income equal to or less than 30% of the area median family income adjusted by household size, as determined by a survey of incomes conducted by a city or a county, or in the absence of such a survey, based on the latest available eligibility limits established by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) for the Section 8 housing program. Fair Market Rent. The rent, including utility allowances, determined by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development for purposed of administering the Section 8 Existing Housing Program. Family. (1) Two or more persons related by birth, marriage, or adoption [U.S. Bureau of the Census]. (2) An Individual or a group of persons living together who constitute a bona fide single - family housekeeping unit in a dwelling unit, not including a fraternity, sorority, club, or other group of persons occupying a hotel, lodging house or institution of any kind [California]. General Plan. A comprehensive, long -term plan mandated by State Planning Law for the physical development of a city or county and any land outside its boundaries which, in its judgment, bears relation to its planning. The plan shall consist of seven required elements: land use, circulation, open space, conservation, housing, safety, and noise. The plan must include a statement of development policies and a diagram or diagrams illustrating the policies. Goal. A general, overall, and ultimate purpose, aim, or end toward which the City will direct effort. D -3 Glossary of Terms Green Building. Green or sustainable building is the practice of creating healthier and more resource - efficient models of construction, renovation, operation, maintenance, and demolition. (US Environmental Protection Agency) Historic Preservation. The preservation of historically significant structures and neighborhoods until such time as, and in order to facilitate, restoration and rehabilitation of the building(s) to a former condition. Historic Property. A historic property is a structure or site that has significant historic, architectural, or cultural value. Household. All those persons — related or unrelated —who occupy a single housing unit. (See "Family. ") Housing and Community Development Department (HCD). The State agency that has principal responsibility for assessing, planning for, and assisting communities to meet the needs of low -and moderate - income households. Housing Element. One of the seven State - mandated elements of a local general plan, it assesses the existing and projected housing needs of all economic segments of the community, identifies potential sites adequate to provide the amount and kind of housing needed, and contains adopted goals, policies, and implementation programs for the preservation, improvement, and development of housing. Under State law, Housing Elements must be updated every five years. Housing Payment. For ownership housing, this is defined as the mortgage payment, property taxes, insurance and utilities. For rental housing this is defined as rent and utilities. Housing Ratio. The ratio of the monthly housing payment to total gross monthly income. Also Called Payment -to- Income Ratio or Front -End Ratio. Housing Unit. The place of permanent or customary abode of a person or family. A housing unit may be a single- family dwelling, a multi - family dwelling, a condominium, a modular home, a mobile home, a cooperative, or any other residential unit considered real property under State law. Housing and Urban Development, U.S. Department of (HUD). A cabinet -level department of the federal government that administers housing and community development programs. D -4 Appendix D: Glossary of Terms Implementing Policies. The City's statements of its commitments to consistent actions. Implementation. Actions, procedures, programs, or techniques that carry out policies. Infill Development. The development of new housing or other buildings on scattered vacant lots in a built -up area or on new building parcels created by permitted lot splits. Jobs - Housing Balance. A ratio used to describe the adequacy of the housing supply within a defined area to meet the needs of persons working within the same area. The General Plan uses ABAG's definition which is a job total equal to 1.2 times the number of housing units within the area under consideration. Land Use Classification. A system for classifying and designating the appropriate use of properties. Live -Work Units. Buildings or spaces within buildings that are used jointly for commercial and residential purposes where the residential use of the space is secondary or accessory to the primary use as a place of work. Low - Income Household. A household with an annual income usually no greater than 51%-80% of the area median family income adjusted by household size, as determined by a survey of incomes conducted by a city or a county, or in the absence of such a survey, based on the latest available eligibility limits established by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) for the §8 housing program. Low - income Housing Tax Credits. Tax reductions provided by the federal and State governments for investors in housing for low- income households. Manufactured Housing. Residential structures that are constructed entirely in the factory, and which since June 15, 1976, have been regulated by the federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974 under the administration of the U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). (See "Mobile Home" and "Modular Unit. ") Mixed -use. Properties on which various uses, such as office, commercial, institutional, and residential, are combined in a single building or on a single site D -5 Glossary of Terms in an integrated development project with significant functional interrelationships and a coherent physical design. A "single site" may include contiguous properties. Moderate - income Household. A household with an annual income usually no greater than 81%-120% of the area median family income adjusted by household size, as determined by a survey of incomes conducted by a city or a county, or in the absence of such a survey, based on the latest available eligibility limits established by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) for the Section 8 housing program. Monthly Housing Expense. Total principal, interest, taxes, and insurance paid by the borrower on a monthly basis. Used with gross income to determine affordability. Multiple Family Building. A detached building designed and used exclusively as a dwelling by three or more families occupying separate suites. Ordinance. A law or regulation set forth and adopted by a governmental authority, usually a city or county. Overcrowding Housing Unit. A housing unit in which the members of the household or group are prevented from the enjoyment of privacy because of small room size and housing size. The U.S. Bureau of Census defines an overcrowded housing unit as one which is occupied by more than one person per room. Parcel. A lot or tract of land. Planned Unit Development (PUD) A self- contained development, often with a mixture of housing types and densities, in which subdivision and zoning controls are applied to the project as a whole rather than to individual lots, as in most subdivisions. Densities and lot sizes are calculated for the entire development, usually permitting a trade -off between the clustering of houses and provision of common open space or other amenities. Planning Area. The area directly addressed by the general plan. A city's planning area typically encompasses the city limits and potentially annexable land within its sphere of influence. Policy. A specific statement of principle or of guiding actions that implies clear commitment but is not mandatory. A general direction that a governmental W. Appendix D: Glossary of Terms agency sets to follow, in order to meet its objectives before undertaking an action program. (See "Program. ") Poverty Level. As used by the U.S. Census, families and unrelated individuals are classified as being above or below the poverty level based on a poverty index that provides a range of income cutoffs or "poverty thresholds" varying by size of family, number of children, and age of householder. The income cutoffs are updated each year to reflect the change in the Consumer Price Index. Program. An action, activity, or strategy carried out in response to adopted policy to achieve a specific goal or objective. Policies and programs establish the "who," "how" and "when" for carrying out the "what" and "where" of goals and objectives. Redevelop. To demolish existing buildings; or to increase the overall floor area existing on a property; or both; irrespective of whether a change occurs in land use. Regional. Pertaining to activities or economies at a scale greater than that of a single jurisdiction, and affecting a broad geographic area. Regional Housing Needs Assessment. (RHNA) A quantification by ABAG of existing and projected housing need, by household income group, for all localities within a region. Rehabilitation. The repair, preservation, and /or improvement of substandard housing. Residential. Land designated in the General Plan and zoning ordinance for building consisting of dwelling units. May be improved, vacant, or unimproved. (See "Dwelling Unit. ") Residential Care Facility. A facility that provides 24 -hour care and supervision to its residents. Residential, Multiple Family. Usually three or more dwelling units on a single site, which may be in the same or separate buildings. Residential, Single - Family. A single dwelling unit on a building site. D -7 Appendix D: Glossary of Terms Retrofit. To add materials and /or devices to an existing building or system to improve its operation, safety, or efficiency. Buildings have been retrofitted to use solar energy and to strengthen their ability to withstand earthquakes, for example. Rezoning. An amendment to the map to effect a change in the nature, density, or intensity of uses allowed in a zoning district and /or on a designated parcel or land area. Second Unit. A self- contained living unit, either attached to or detached from and in addition to, the primary residential unit on a single lot. "Granny Flat" is one type of second unit. Section 8 Rental Assistance Program. A federal (HUD) rent - subsidy program that is one of the main sources of federal housing assistance for low- income households. The program operates by providing "housing assistance payments" to owners, developers, and public housing agencies to make up the difference between the "Fair Market Rent" of a unit (set by HUD) and the household's contribution toward the rent, which is calculated at 30% of the household's adjusted gross monthly income (GMI). "Section 8" includes programs for new construction, existing housing, and substantial or moderate housing rehabilitation. Shared Living. The occupancy of a dwelling unit by persons of more than one family in order to reduce housing expenses and provide social contact, mutual support, and assistance. Shared living facilities serving six or fewer persons are permitted in all residential districts by §1566.3 of the California Health and Safety Code. Single- family Dwelling, Attached. A dwelling unit occupied or intended for occupancy by only one household that is structurally connected with at least one other such dwelling unit. (See "Townhouse. ") Single- family Dwelling, Detached. A dwelling unit occupied or intended for occupancy by only one household that is structurally independent from any other such dwelling unit or structure intended for residential or other use. (See "Family. ") Single Room Occupancy (SRO). A single room, typically 80 -250 square feet, with a sink and closet, but which requires the occupant to share a communal bathroom, shower, and kitchen. Subsidize. To assist by payment of a sum of money or by the granting to terms or favors that reduces the need for monetary expenditures. Housing subsidies may O Glossary of Terms take the forms of mortgage interest deductions or tax credits from federal and /or state income taxes, sale or lease at less than market value of land to be used for the construction of housing, payments to supplement a minimum affordable rent, and the like. Substandard Housing. Residential dwellings that, because of their physical condition, do not provide safe and sanitary housing. Supportive Housing. Housing with no limit on length of stay, that is occupied by the target population as defined in California Health and Safety Code Section 53260(d), and that is linked to onsite or offsite services that assist the supportive housing resident in retaining the housing, improving his or her health status, and maximizing his or her ability to live and, when possible, work in the community. "Target population" means adults with low incomes having one or more disabilities, including mental illness, HIV or AIDS, substance abuse, or other chronic health conditions, or individuals eligible for services provided under the Lanterman Developmental Disabilities Services Act and may, among other populations, include families with children, elderly persons, young adults aging out of the foster care system, individuals exiting from institutional settings, veterans, or homeless people. [California Health and Safety Code Sections 50675.14(b) and 53260(d)] Target Areas. Specifically designated sections of the community where loans and grants are made to bring about a specific outcome, such as the rehabilitation of housing affordable by very-low and low- income households. Tax Increment. Additional tax revenues that result from increases in property values within a redevelopment area. State law permits the tax increment to be earmarked for redevelopment purposes but requires at least 20% to be used to increase and improve the community's supply of very low and low income housing. Tenure. A housing unit is "owned" if the owner or co -owner lives in the unit, even if it is "owned only if it is mortgaged or not fully paid for. A cooperative or condominium unit is "owned only if the owner or co -owner lives in it. All other occupied units are classified as "rented," including units rented for cash rent and those occupied without payment of cash rent. Townhouse. A townhouse is a dwelling unit located in a group of three (3) or more attached dwelling units with no dwelling unit located above or below another and with each dwelling unit having its own exterior entrance. M Appendix D: Glossary of Terms Transitional Housing. Shelter provided to the homeless for an extended period, often as long as 18 months, and generally integrated with other social services and counseling programs to assist in the transition to self - sufficiency through the acquisition of a stable income and permanent housing. (See "homeless" and "Emergency Shelter. ") Undevelopable. Specific areas where topographic, geologic, and /or superficial soil conditions indicate a significant danger to future occupants and a liability to the City are designated as "undevelopable" by the City. Acronyms Used. ABAG: Association of Bay Area Governments ACS: American Community Survey ADA: Americans with Disability Act AMI: Area Median Income BMPs: Best Management Practices CALTRANS: California Department of Transportation CEQA: California Environmental Quality Act CHAS: Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy CIP: Capital Improvement Program DIF: Development Impact Fee DOF: Department of Finance for State of California DU /ac: Dwelling units per acre EDD: California Employment Development Department ELI: Extremely Low Income FAR: Floor Area Ratio FEMA: Federal Emergency Management Agency HCD: Department of Housing and Community Development HH: Household HOA: Homeowners Association HUD: Federal Department of Housing and Urban Development LAFCO: Local Agency Formation Commission MFI: Median Family Income NPDES: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System RTP: Regional Transportation Plan SPA: Sectional Planning Area STF: Summary Tape File (U.S. Census) TOD: Transit - Oriented Development TDM: Transportation Demand Management D -10 TSM: Transportation Systems Management WCP: Water Conservation Plan D -1 1 This page left intentionally blank. D -12 PREPARED BY: OF Consulting 1 1 1 West Saint John Street, Suite # 850 San Jose, California 95113 408.993.9224 SARA® A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES Chapter 3: Housing Constraints and Resources Constraints to housing include both governmental and environmental. Saratoga is bounded to the south and west by the Santa Cruz Mountain Range, and to the north and east by the communities of Los Gatos, Campbell, San Jose and Cupertino. The low - lying, relatively flat portions of the City are almost exclusively built out with single - family development. Highway 85 and Highway 9 bisect the City and bring commuter traffic through to the high tech jobs in the nearby cities of Cupertino, Sunnyvale, and Mountain View. These factors, as well as the high cost of land, and limited public transportation outside of the main thoroughfares, are viewed as constraints to affordable housing by the residents of the City. A. Governmental Constraints and Resources Governmental constraints are policies, standards, requirements and actions regulated by various levels of government upon land and housing ownership and development. These regulations may include various building codes, land use controls, growth management measures, development fees, processing and permit procedures, and site improvement requirements. While state and federal agencies play a role in imposing constraints on the development and provision of housing, they are beyond the influence of local government and are, therefore, not addressed in this analysis. Governmental resources include programs that provide funds for housing - related activities, as well as, incentives provided by the local jurisdiction for the provision of housing. 1. Land Use Controls Land use controls include General Plan policies, zoning designations (and the resulting allowed uses, development standards, and permit processing requirements), and development fees. a. General Plan As required by state law, every city in California must have a General Plan, which establishes policy guidelines for all development within the city. The General Plan is the foundation of all land use controls in a jurisdiction. The Land Use Element of the General Plan identifies the location, distribution, and density of the land uses within the City. The Saratoga General Plan land use densities are expressed per net area, which is generally defined as the remaining portion of the gross site area after deducting portions within the right -of -way of existing or future public or private streets, easements, quarries, or areas that are classified by the City Geologist as "Md" or "MFfs." Residential densities are expressed in dwelling units per net acre (du /ac) and are limited by the maximum intensity of building and impervious site coverage. Draft June 2014 The City of Saratoga General Plan identifies six residential land use designations and two Iopen space designations that permit residential uses. In addition, mixed use developments that include residential uses are allowed by conditional use permit in commercial districts within the City. Table 3-1 summarizes Saratoga's residential land use designations by total acre, permitted density ranges, and maximum intensity of building and impervious surface coverage. Table 3 -1. General Plan Residential Land Use Designations Draft June 2014 General Plan No Wen Naf Land Use Designations Maximum Intensity of Existing Permitted Building and Impervious Designation Description Acreage Density Surface Coverage Residential Single- family dwellings, 4, 6891926.5 0.5 du /ac 15,000 square feet or 25 Hillside horticultural and percent of the site area, Conservation agricultural use, and whichever is less accessory uses compatible with single - family dwellings. Residential Single- family dwellings, 1,920 1.09 du /ac 35 percent of the site area Very Low horticultural and Density agricultural use, and accessory uses compatible with single - family dwellings. Residential Single - family dwellings, 343 2.18 du /ac 45 percent of the site area Low Density horticultural and agricultural use, and accessory uses compatible with single - family dwellings. Medium Single - family dwellings, 2,093 Density horticultural and M -10 agricultural use, and 4.35 du /ac 60 percent M -12.5 accessory uses 3.48 du /ac 55 percent M -15 compatible with single- 2.90 du /ac 50 percent69 PeFSea Of th& family dwellings. rg4t; gFga Draft June 2014 S A RAT A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES Draft June 2014 To 3-1 General Maximum Intensity of Existing Permitted Building and Impervious Designation Description Acreage Density Surface Coverage Residential Detached and attached 83 14.5 du /ac 40 percent of the site area Multi - Family single - family dwellings, such as condominiums, duplexes, and apartments, as well as, horticultural and agricultural use, and accessory uses compatible with single @s residential use. Planned Mix of single - family and 4 4.35- 25 - 35 percent of the site Development multi - family densities and 12.45 area Residential housing types. du /ac 9pea Space Orchard lands, water 9-2167.3 1 du /4 acres No requirements OatdeeF reservoirs, and lands 14eEFOW60 } under Williamson Act Managed Contracts. Only single - Resource family dwellings or Production structures directly associated with agricultural use. Hillside Open Covers all areas outside 99 1 du /20 25 percent or 12,000 square Space the City limits and within acres to feet, whichever is less Saratoga's Sphere of Idu /160 Influence (SOI) that are acres not designated as park (based on or Open Space Outdoor a slope Recreation. Agricultural density use, mineral extraction, formula parks and low intensity subject to recreational facilities, stringent land in its natural state, criteria) wildlife refuges, and very low intensity residential development and support uses of those listed above. Draft June 2014 L001 SARA� HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES Source: City of Saratoga General Plan — — — Draft June 2014 Table 3 -1 General Plan im I Land Use Designations Maximum Intensity of Existing Permitted Building and Impervious Designation Description Acreage Density Surface Coverage Commercial Commercial 80 20 du /acre The Planning Commission is 44exw required to make special Retail uses /centers serving findings when the residential community and /or iF>'teasity-e# neighborhood; not building pe4iea floor area shell RE)t regional in orientation. eeywegeis exceeds 50 percent of the Mixed use developments 0 40 of Apt total floor area of a project., RE)SiGI84e1 rises- allowed o0oth GA Qf IQ by conditional use Note: In the CN -RHD permit. , zoning district there is no Spesigl ARGiAgs. Total site minimum coverage may also increase density by 10 percent for a project containing below market - rate housing. Professional Professional offices; 34 Me n; The Plannina Commission is reauired to make special and serves as a transition Vi e# bukliR findinas when the residential Administrative zone between floor area exceeds 50 Office commercial and cVeFegeis residential areas. 0 30 of Fie# percent of the total floor area of a project. the Mixed Res+dee#iatuse site areG.20 developments allowed du a re by conditional use AAC-ARd So permit. fer. the We when GppFeved by rate ae+}Siag -Total site coverage may also increase by 10 percent for a project containing below market - rate housing. Source: City of Saratoga General Plan — — — Draft June 2014 IIIY U1 SARAT9A _ AND RESOURCES As of January 29982013, the State Department of Finance (DOF) reports that 11,9169 dwelling units exist in Saratoga. Depending on land costs, certain densities are needed to make a housing project economically feasible for people at various income levels. According to the State of California, the densities identified below are generally sufficient to accommodate construction affordable to specific income levels. • Extremely Low -, Very Low -, and Low- Income: 20 dwelling units per acre minimum • Moderate - Income: 11 -20 dwelling units per acre minimum • Above Moderate - Income: Up to 11 dwelling units per acre In addition to the generally accepted densities, California Government Code Section 65583.2 Assembly Ri',; establisheds "default" density standards. If a local government has adopted density standards consistent with the established population criteria, sites with those density standards are accepted as appropriate for accommodating the jurisdiction's share of regional housing need for lower- income households. California Government Code Section 65583.2AB 2349, Saratoga is considered a "suburban" jurisdiction with a "default" density of 20 dwelling units per acre. b. Zoning Code The Zoning Code is the primary tool for implementing the General Plan. Its purpose is to protect and promote public health, safety, and welfare. Additionally, it serves to promote quality design and quality of life. The City of Saratoga's residential zoning designations control both the use and development standards of each residential parcel, thereby influencing the development of housing. Table 3 -2 summarizes permitted residential uses in agricultural, residential, professional and administrative office, and commercial districts. Single- family residential zoning includes eight districts: A, R -1- 40,000, R -1- 20,000, R -1- 15,000, R -1- 12,500, R -1- 10,000, HR, and R -OS. Single- family units are permitted as a matter of right in all single - family residential districts. Multi- family residential zoning consists of the R -M- 5,000, R -M- 4,000, and the R -M -3,000 districts. Multi- family and single - family dwellings are permitted by right in the R -M districts. Mixed residential /commercial uses are permitted in the Professional and Administrative Office (P -A) and Commercial (C -N, C -V, CH -1, CH -2) districts subject to conformance with the mixed -use development standards specified in Article 15 -58 of the zoning code and approval of a conditional use permit. Mixed residential /commercial uses are permitted by right in the Commercial C- N(RHD) district. Draft June 2014 -� SARA A Table 3 -2. Residential uses - Permitted & Conditionally Permitted Table 3-2 Residential Uses - Permitted & Conditionally Permitted No "meth, uses - FwmNed i heddential Zones Zone Single - Family Dwelling P Multi - family Dwelling Second Dwelling Units A P R -1- 40,000 P - P R -1- 20,000 P - P R- 1- 15,000 P - P R -1- 12,500 P - P R- 1- 10,000 P P HR P - P R -OS P - - R -M -5,000 P P - R -M -4,000 P P - R -M -3,000 P P P-A C* C* - C -N C* C* - -N R D P* P. C -V C* C* CH-1 C* C* - CH -2 C* C* P= Permitted by Right C= Conditional Use Permit Required *Mxed Use Deveboment Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Regulations Chapter 15 Table 3-3 summarizes the single - family residential zoning designations and their requirements. Table 3-4 summarizes the multi- family residential designations and requirements. Table 3 -5 summarizes the requirements for mixed -use development. Based on residential 1611445 GPPF9Y8d GRd construction in cea P1 4Ag -- compliance with these standards, the City has determined that minimum and maximum lot coverage steRderds, maximum building height standards and setback standards do not unreasonably impact the cost and supply of housing nor the ability of projects to achieve maximum densities. Draft June 2014 HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES The City of Saratoga is predominantly GUFFIFIRtly — comprised of flaestiy— single- family residential units; as such there are not r2eeRt a significant number of aeweFmulti- family housing projects to provide an analysis of the impacts of these development standards on multi - family development. However, to address any impacts in the future, the City will ensure that development standards in the C -N RHD -RewY-9s#ebW;ed_zoning district (refer to Appendix B, Table B -5) will not be a constraint to the development of multi- family housing. The City has recently approved two small mixed use developments in the historic Saratoga Village on Big Basin Way (CH District) since the previous Housing Element update. These proiects include; a two -unit townhouse proiect with 6,785 square feet of ground floor commercial space at a density of 5.2 dwelling units per acre, and a four -unit townhouse proiect with 1,246 square feet of ground Mixed -use development under construction in Saratoga floor commercial at a density of 6.6 Village dwelling units per acre. k#isterel4�ln addition, the City has a history of approving horizontal mixed use developments along Saratoga - Sunnyvale Road with commercial uses frontina the road and small lot single family units on the rear of the sites. For example a 12 unit mixed -use is being developedaaeat on Saratoga - Sunnyvale Road at a density of 12 dwelling units per acre, with 1,835 square feet of commercial space fronting the road and the townhouses in the back Based on the history of mixed use development in Saratoga, the City has determined that lot coverage, pedestrian open space (requirement in the CH District), private open space, height and setback standards do not unreasonably impact the cost and supply of housing nor the ability of projects to achieve maximum densities. As a new policy action for the next planning period, the City will amend the C- N(RHD) district to increase density from a minimum of 20 dwelling units per acre to a minimum of 30 units per acre and increase the maximum height limit from 30 feet to 35 feet to reduce constraints to development on these sites. Draft June 2014 CIIT U! A RATT A Table 3 -3. Summary of Residential Zonina Reauirements W HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES Table 3 -3 Summary d Nesid I I - Zoning Requiuemenis Zone Minimum Lot Area Maximum Maximum Minimum Minimum Minimum Lot Building Front Yard Side Yard Rear Yard Coverage Height Setback Setback3 Setback A 10% or 5.00 25% or 26 feet 30 feet or 20 feet or 50 feet for Less Acres 15,000 sq. (two 20% of the ten single- Slope ft., stories) lot depth, percent of story 11% 5.20 whichever whichever the lot structures; Acres is less is greater width, 12% 5.40 whichever 60 feet for Acres is greater multi -story 13% 5.60 structures, Acres or 25% of the lot 14% 5.80 Acres depth, whichever 15% 6.00 Acres is greater 16% 6.40 Acres 17% 6.80 Acres 18% 7.20 Acres 19% 7.60 Acres 20% 8.00 Acres 21% 8.60 Acres 22% 9.20 Acres 23% 9.80 Acres 24% 10.40 Acres 25% 11.00 Acres 26% 11.80 Acres 27% 12.60 Draft June 2014 LILY U! ARAT�, NA Table 3 -3 Summary of Residential Zoning Requirements Zone Minimum Lot Area Maximum Maximum Minimum Minimum Minimum Lot Building Front Yard Side Yard Rear Yard Coverage Height Setback Setback3 Setback A Acres 28% 13.40 Acres 29% 14.20 Acres 30% 15.00 Acres 31% 16.00 Acres 32% 17.00 Acres 33% 18.00 Acres 34% 19.00 Acres 35% or 20.00 more Acres R -1- 40,000 sq. ft. interior 35 %a 26 feet 30 ft. Interior Interior 40,000 lot; (two lots:3 lots: 48,000 sq. ft. corner stories)' lot; 20 ft. (1 sr 50 ft. (15' 40,000 sq. ft. flag lot; floor); floor); 40,000 sq. ft. hillside 25 ft. (2nd 60 ft. (2nd lot floor ) floor Corner lots: Corner lots: 20 ft. interior (1 st 20 ft. floor); 25 ft. exterior (1 st floor); 25 ft. interior (1 st floor): 30 ft. exterior 2nd floor Draft June 2014 SA EZAT A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES Table 3-3 Summary of Residential Zoning Requirements Zone Minimum Lot Area Maximum Maximum Minimum Minimum Minimum Lot Building Front Yard Side Yard Rear Yard Coverage Height Setback Setback3 Setback R -1- 20,000 sq. ft. interior 45 %a 26 feet 30 ft. Interior lots: Interior 20,000 lot; 24,000 sq. ft. (two lots: corner lot; 20,000 sq. stories) I 15 ft. (l st ft. flag lot; 40,000 sq. floor); 35 ft. (1 st ft. hillside lot 20 ft. (2nd floor); floor) 45 ft. (2nd floor Corner lots: Corner lots: 15 ft. interior (P 15 ft. floor); 25 ft. exterior (1 It floor); 20 ft. interior (2nd floor); 30 ff. exterior 2nd floor R -1- 15,000 sq. ft. interior 50 7P 26 feet 25 ft. Interior lots: Interior 15,000 lot; 18,000 sq. ft. (two lots: corner lot; 20,000 sq. stories) 12 ft. (1 si ft. flag lot; 40,000 sq. floor); 30 ft. (1 si ft. hillside lot 17 ft. (2nd floor); floor) 40 ft. (2nd floor Corner lots: Corner lots: 12 ft. interior (1 12 ft. floor); 25 ft. exterior (1 st floor); 17 ft. interior 2nd Draft June 2014 3 -10 C, rr or -�^ SARAT A -f Table 3 -3 Sunxnary of Residential Zoning Requirements Zone Minimum Lot Area Maximum Maximum Minimum Minimum Minimum Lot Building Front Yard Side Yard Rear Yard Coverage Height Setback Setback3 Setback floor); R -1- 30 ft. 15,000 exterior (2nd floor) R -1- 12,500 sq. ft. interior 55%2 26 ft. 25 ft. Interior lots: Interior 12,500 lot; 15,000 sq. ft. (two lots: corner lot; 20,000 sq. stories)1 10 ft. (1 " ft. flag lot; 40,000 sq. floor); 25 ft. (10 ft. hillside lot 15 ft. (2nd floor); floor) 35 ft. (2nd floor Corner lots: Corner lots: 10 ft. interior (1s1 10 ft. floor); 25 ft. exterior (1 st floor); 15 ft. interior (2nd floor); 30 ft. exterior 2nd floor R -1- 10,000 sq. ft. interior 60 %2 26 ft. 25 ft. Interior lots: Interior 10,000 lot; 12,000 sq. ft. (two lots: corner lot; 20,000 sq. stories)' 10 ft. (I 5' ft. flag lot; 40,000 sq. floor); 25 ft. (151 ft. hillside lot 15 ft. (2nd floor); floor) 35 ft. (2nd floor Draft June 2014 L I IY OI S A RAT to HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES L Draft June 2014 Table 3 -3 Summary of Residential Zoning Requirements i Table 3 -3 Summary of Residential Zoning Requirements Zone Minimum Lot Area Maximum Maximum Minimum Minimum Minimum Lot Building Front Yard Side Yard Rear Yard Coverage Height Setback Setback3 Setback R -1- Corner lots: Corner 10,000 lots: 10 ft. interior (1 St 10 ft. floor); 25 ft. exterior (1 st floor): 15 ft. interior (2nd floor); 30 ft. exterior 2nd floor HR 2 acres for 0% or less 25% or 26 ft. 30 ft.5 or 20 ft. 5; 50 ft. average slope; 15,000 sq. (two 30 ft. or 20 ft. (single - 10 acres for 50% ft. , stories)? 20% of lot interior and story average s1ope4 whichever depth, 25 ft. structure); is less whichever exterior or 60 ft. is greater6 10% of lot (multi -story width, structure); whichever or 25% of is greater6 lot depth, whichever is greater6 L Draft June 2014 Table 3 -3 Summary of Residential Zoning Requirements Zone Minimum lot Area Maximum Lot Coverage Maximum Building Height Minimum Front Yard Setback Minimum Side Yard Setback3 Minimum Rear Yard Setback R -OS 20 acres for 10% or 25% or 26 ft. 50 ft. 40 ft. 100 ft. less average slope; 12,000 sq. (two single- interior (single - 180 acres 50% or ff., stories) T9 story; (one- story); story); 120 more average whichever 70 ft. two- 50 ft. ft. (two- slope8 is less story exterior story) (one - story); 60 ft. interior (two- story); 70 ft. exterior two -stor Notes 'Exceptions may be granted in accordance with Article 15-55 of the Zoning Code for parcels exceeding 20.000 sq. ft. 'For any non- confomning site, the requirements provided in Section 15- 65.160 of the Zoning Code applies to the site. 'Setback areas for flag lots are determined according to Section 15-06.430(a) of the Zoning Code. 'Minimum net site area depends on average slope, as identified in Section 15 -13-060 of the Zoning Code. 'Excluding vacant lots and lots created after May 15, 1992. "vacant lots and lots created after May 15, 1992. 'No structure shall extend to an elevation within eight feet from the top of the nearest adjacent major ridge that does not have dense tree cover. No structure shall extend to an elevation more than 12 feet above the nearest adjacent minor ridge that does not have dense tree cover. City Code Section 15- 20.100 (a), (b) 'Minimum net site area depends on average slope, as identified in Section 15 -20-060 of the Zoning Code. 'A structure not limited by the provisions of note 7 above, shall not exceed 22 feet: however, the Planning Commission may grant up to four feet of additional height. Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Regulations, Chapter 15, Article 15-12 Draft June 2014 CITY Uf w SARATP A Table 3 -4. Summary of Multiple Family Residential Zoning Requirements otes: 'Does not apply to a structure located within the Village which is found by the approving authority to be compatible with existing structures and the natural environment. 'For any non- conforming site, the requirements of Section 15.65.160 applies to the site. 'A side setback area of more than 25 feet shall not be required, and a side setback area of less than ten feet from the applicable side lot line shall not be permitted, subject to the following exceptions: (1) the exterior side setback area of a comer lot shall not be less than 15 feet from the exterior side lot line (2) one foot shall be added to an interior side setback area for each two feet of height or fraction thereof by which a portion of a structure within 30 of the side lot lone for such setback area exceeds 14 feet in height provided that an interior side setback area of more than 25 feet from the interior side lot line shall not be required. Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Regulations, Chapter 15, Article 1 5- 17 Draft June 2014 Table 3 -4 Summary of Multiple Family Residential Zoning Requirements Min Lot Area ax Lot Max Building Min Front in Side Min Zone (S q. Ft. Interior Lot Corner Lot overage Height Yard Setback Yard Setback' Rear Yard 30 feet or 10% of R -M -5,000 10,000 11,000 40 percent two stories' 25 feet 25 feet R -M -4,000 12,000 14,000 40 percent 30 two stories' feet or tw 25 feet 10% of 25 feet R -M -3,000 12,000 14,000 40 percent 30 two stories feet or tw 25 feet 10% of 25 feet otes: 'Does not apply to a structure located within the Village which is found by the approving authority to be compatible with existing structures and the natural environment. 'For any non- conforming site, the requirements of Section 15.65.160 applies to the site. 'A side setback area of more than 25 feet shall not be required, and a side setback area of less than ten feet from the applicable side lot line shall not be permitted, subject to the following exceptions: (1) the exterior side setback area of a comer lot shall not be less than 15 feet from the exterior side lot line (2) one foot shall be added to an interior side setback area for each two feet of height or fraction thereof by which a portion of a structure within 30 of the side lot lone for such setback area exceeds 14 feet in height provided that an interior side setback area of more than 25 feet from the interior side lot line shall not be required. Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Regulations, Chapter 15, Article 1 5- 17 Draft June 2014 lI1Y U S A RA1 T A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES Table 3 -5. Summary of Mixed -Use Development Standards Table 3 -5 Summary of Mixed -Use Max Density Location of Dwelling 20 Either on dwelling the second units per Floor or at the rear of net the parcel. acre' Area Dwelling units shall not comprise more than 50 percent of the total floor area of all buildings on the site. The total floor area may be increased with approval by the special findings. The maximum overall site coverage #eeForea may be increased by ten percent for projects providing below market rate housing. Lot Coverage Max Building Height Overall site coverage may be increased up to 264%e As ten percent for projects stated for the containing deed underlying restricted below market rate housing units. zoning district. "Currently within the C -N District density may be determined by the Plannina Commission on a case by case basis if special findings are made. Within the C- NIRHDI District, Glensily FpGt exGsed the minimum density is 20 dwelling units per acre, Draects may be gooroved at more than 20 du /ac with 000roval by the Plannina Commission if special fincinas are made, Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Regulations, Chapter 15, Article 15-58 c. Parking Requirements Table 3 -6 summarizes the residential parking requirements in Saratoga. Parking requirements do not constrain the development of housing directly. However, parking requirements may reduce the amount of available lot areas for residential development. Draft June 2014 CITY or SA PR, ATp A Table 3 -6. Residential Parking Requirements HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES Table 3 -6 Residenrtial Parking Requhemerrls - Type of Residential Development Required Parking Spaces (off street) Single family Dwelling (excluding Two covered spaces within a garage. second dwelling units) Second Dwelling Unit One covered space with a garage, except as otherwise provided in Article 15 -56 of the Zoning Code. Multi- family Dwellings One covered space within a garage for each dwelling unit, plus one and one -half additional spaces on the site for each dwelling unit; provided, however, for dwelling units containing no more than one bedroom and for housing developments occupied exclusively by seniors and students, the required parking shall be one covered space within a garage for each dwelling unit plus one -half additional space on the site for each dwelling unit. Source: City of Saratoga Zoning Regulations, Chapter 15, Article 15 -35 Draft June 2014 Un or'. _ SA RAT ?„A CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES d. Planned gembieed Community District The purpose of the Planned Combined District (P-C) is to provide the City the authority to modify standards of development in an underlying zoning district so as to achieve the following obiectives: (a) To provide a means of guiding development or redevelopment of properties in areas of the City that are uniquely suited for a variety of design and development patterns and standards. (b) To provide greater flexibility of land use and design for a development that provides a public benefit that would not otherwise be attainable throuah strict application of the zoning regulations. A public benefit could include, but is not limited to, buildings that exceed the City's green building standards, provides community facilities that are open to the public, or allows for innovative in -fill design. (c) To encourage innovative design in a development that achieves one or more specific goals and policies of the General Plan that would otherwise not be attainable throuah strict application of the zoning regulations. In certain instances, the obiectives of the zoning ordinance may be achieved by the development of a. _ residential community p6ma* for a common green development or for persons desiring smaller residences or dwelling units than economically feasible under existing zoning districts, and which combines a numilm of uses in order to develop a living environment in conformity with the Genera Ptan. the P-C District may include a combirxi'ion of sire or multiple dweing uses together with ancillary uses of recrealhonal centers, social halls, restaurants, medical centers and other related facilities. The P -C distrir-t allows single- family, two - family, or three - family dwellings or a combination thereof, together with all other permitted uses in either an R -1 district or an R -M district, depending on which underlying district it is combined with (R -1 or R -M). The dwelling units shall be single -story unless otherwise approved by the Planning Commission. In addition, community centers, private recreational centers, social halls, lodges, clubs, restaurants, and medical centers to be used by the residents and their guests are allowed. Standards for site area and dimensions, site coverage, density of dwelling units, setback areas, types of structures, etc. shall in the aggregate be at least equivalent to the standards prescribed by the regulations of the district that the Planned Community District is combined with. Any P -C area shall contain a common green unless specifically waived by the Planning Commission. Draft June 2014 SAP 2. Density Bonus Ordinance In order to encourage the construction of affordable housing developments for Very Low- and Low- Income households, and in accordance with Chapter 4.3 Section 65915 et. seq. of the California Government Code, the City of Saratoga has adopted a Density Bonus Ordinance (Article 15-81 of the Zoning Code). Upon receipt from the applicant, the City reviews an application requesting a density bonus or incentive or concession. The Community Development Director has 90 days from receipt of the application to notify the applicant in writing regarding the status of the application.-4 sppFeVal preEess. The application and all associated oroiect approvals shall be considered by the Planning Commission which shall make a recommendation to the City Council. Prior to the issuance of a building permit for any dwelling unit in a development that a density bonus has been awarded for, the applicant shall enter into a written agreement with the City for the duration of the affordability. a. Density Bonus for Affordablee Units in Mixed -Use Projects The City allows the total site coverage to also -be increased by 10 percent over the underlying zoning district maximum for mixed -use projects containing deed restricted below market -rate housing units. b. Reduced Parking Standards The garage requirement for a second dwelling unit may be waived if the second dwelling unit is deed restricted so that it may only be rented to below market rate (very-low, low, and moderate income) households. An on -site open parking space must be provided in lieu of a garage. 3. Institutional Facilities and Nursing Homes The City's Zoning Code defines an "Institutional facility" as a place, structure, or area operated by a public or private organization or agency, used for and providing educational, residential, or health care services to the community at large. The term includes residential developments and health care facilities operated by non - profit organizations and both public and private schools or colleges. The City's Zoning Code defines a "Nursing home" as a residential structure in which nursing, dietary, and other personal services are rendered to six or more convalescents, invalids, or elderly persons residing at the facility, and in which surgery or other medical treatment customarily Draft June 2014 —� l -w C I iY of S A RATA given in hospitals is not performed. The City deems a convalescent home or rest home as a nursing home. Institutional facilities and nursing homes are permitted in all residential districts, except for the Residential Open Space District, as well as in the Professional and Administrative Office (P -A) district, subject to approval of a conditional use permit. Institutional facilities are also permitted in the Commercial district, subject to approval of a conditional use permit. 4. Emergency Shelters, Transitional and Supportive Housing, and Single -Room Occupancy Units a. Emergency Shelters and Transitional and Supportive Housing State Housing Law (Government Code Section §65583) 'cam requires that cities identify sites that are adequately zoned for emery shelters and transitional and supportive housing. Additionally, cities must not unduly discourage or deter these uses. The City of Saratoga permits emergency shelters, transitional and supportive housing, and Single- Room Occupancy Units in the C- N(RHD) District by right. Article 15- 19.035 of the City Zoning Code includes regulations and development standards regarding Single -Room Occupancy Units. This Housing Element update includes Policy Action 4 -4.3 in Chapter 4 to amend the Zoning Code to permit transitional and supportive housina as a residential use in all residential zones in compliance with State Housinq Law, GUFre4Ydees ae# Santa Clara County has approximately 2-6-23 emergency shelters, providing close to 8891,000 beds year - round, with an additional 300 beds available during the winter months (November through March). There are also over 1,100 transitional housing beds throughout the County that offer a combination of stable housing and intensive, targeted support services for the mentally ill, those with chronic substance abuse, developmental disabilities, and other factors that prevent the homeless from returning to permanent housing situations. Transitional housing includes both single site and "scattered site" programs. Table 3 -7 provides a summary of emergency shelters and transitional housing near the City of Saratoga. Draft June 2014 CI II 1l I* ARATp, A Table 3 -7. Homeless Facilities near Saratoaa HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES Table 3 -7 Homeless Facilities near Saratoga ftFa Beds Target Population location Emergency Shelter Asian Americans for Community Involvement 12 Women with children San Jose City Team Rescue Mission 52 Single men San Jose Hospitality House, Salvation 24 Sinale men San Jose Army Our House Youth Services 10 Homeless and run -away youth San Jose HomeFirst San Jose Family Shelter 143 Families San Jose Support Network for Battered 18 Domestic violence shelter - Women and San Jose Women children Emeraencv Shelter/Transi ional Housing InnVision— Commercial Streets Inns, Community Inns, 178 Working men, women & children, San Jose mentally ill men & women Julian Street Inn, and Montgomery Street Inns James Boccardo Reception 370 Families and single adults San Jose Center (HomeFirst) Transitional Housing Next Door —Women with 19 Women and children— victims of domestic violence San Jose Children St. Joseph's Cathedral, Social Ministry Office 45 Worker housing —men, women and San Jose children YWCA —Villa Nueva L Women and children San Jose Source: Santa Clara County Consolidated Plan 2010 -2015 5. Adequate Sites for Emergency Shelters /Transitional /Supportive Housing Accordina to the 2013 Santa Clara County Homeless Survey, 35 unsheltered individuals were identified within Saratoga,. This red representing an increase of 28 individuals from the 2011 Homeless Survey. In April 2010, the City of Saratoga amended its Zoning Code to permit emergency shelters /transitional /supportive housing in the C- N(RHD) District by right. Draft June 2014 A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES peFFn Presently, one six acre area side in the City has this designation. The area is located at Prospect Road and Lawrence Expressway. However, development standards for shelters were not defined in the Ciity Code at that time. As permitted under the provisions of Government Code 65583, the City will establish written, objective development standards for emergency shelters-The-4;4y such as number of beds, security, and location from other emergency shelter facilities. This will assist potential emergency shelter facility providers and the city alike when processing a proposal. Draft June 2014 CIN I C�v i �;W4 I I 4944 WIDEIG Side W ReaF I NG FeGiWiremea# I A 40iFRUM 39 feet I NG FeGiUORFA90 I NO FeqUiremea# kleigk�t i14Ax #eet I' MmimuFR 29 fees I daa feef tae rx2b -feet i#aits a. Single Room Occupancy Units Single Room Occupancy (SRO) residences are small, one -room units occupied by a single irKtvidm i, and may either have a shared or private kitchen and bathroom facilities. SROs are rented on a monthly basis typically without rental deposit, and can provide an entry pokO into the housing market for Extremely Low - Income individuals, formerly homeless, and disabled persons. Single -room occupancy oats are ae#- defined ands included in the City's Municipal Code to be permitted in C- N(RHD) Districts. Development standards and regulations are included in Article 15- 19.035. b. Second Dwelling Units Second dwelling units provide additional opportunities to provide housing for people of all ages and economic levels, while preserving the integrity and character of single - family residential neighborhoods. The City of Saratoga permits second units in the A, R- 1, and HR zones, provided certain requirements are met, such as minimum net site area, minimum floor area, minimum parking requirements, number of bedrooms, and site access. Draft June 2014 Second Dwelling Units have been a successful means of providing affordable housing in Saratoga. The City should seek ways to reduce constraints for the development of additional Second Dwelling Units. As a Policy Action for the next Planning period, the City will amend the Second Dwelling Unit standards to eliminate the minimum square footage reauirements and reduce the minimum lot size for Second Dwelling Units to 90% or more of the standard lot size for the underlying zoning district. In addition, the City shall create an informational brochure re aq rdina Second Dwelling Units to disseminate to the public. a. Density Bonus for Second Dwelling Units A one -time 10 percent increase in site coverage and allowable floor area may be granted by the Community Development Director if a new second dwelling unit is deed restricted so that it may only be rented to below market rate (very -low, low, and moderate income) households. Draft June 2014 `A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS CITY N AND RESOURCES 7. Housing for Persons with Disabilities The U.S. Census Bureau defines persons with disabilities as those with a long- lasting physical, mental, or emotional condition. This condition can make it difficult for a person to de- ep rform activities such as walking, climbing stdrs, dressing, bathing, learning, or remembering. This condition can also impede a person from being able to go outside the home alone or to be employed. As a matter of State Law (Government Code &65583), cities are aew required to analyze potential and actual constraints upon the development, maintenance and improvement of housing for persons with disabilities, and demonstrate local efforts to remove governmental constraints that hinder the locality from meeting the need for housing for persons with disabilities. Cities are required to include programs that remove constraints and provide reasonable accommodations for housing designed for persons with disabilities. The City of Saratoga includes reasonable accommodation procedures within the Municipal Code (Article 15- 80.025) to address the requirements of State Law. a. Zoning and Other Land Use Regutoafions The ways _#4ays in which the City of Saratoga facilitates housing for persons with disabilities through its regulatory and permitting procedures include: The City of Saratoga alows "institutional facilities" that provide "residential of health care services to the community at large" in all residential districts as well as in the Professiond and Administrative Office (P -A) and Commercial (C) districts, subject to approval of a conditional use permit. The City of Saratoga allows "nursing homes" for six or more "convalescents, invalids, or elderly persons" in all residential districts as well as in the Professional and Administrative Office (P -A) district, subject to approval of a conditional use permit. • The City defines family as "an individual or two or more persons occupying a dwelling unit and living together as a single housekeeping unit in which each Draft June 2014 RATP HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES occupant has access to all parts of the dwelling unit. A family shall be deemed to include necessary household help. The term shall not include a group of persons occupying a hotel, motel, bed and breakfast establishment, nursing home, or institution of any kind." This definition does not pose a constraint of the development of housing for persons with disabilities. • With the City's Reasonable Accommodations provisions, Tthe City allows some variation from the application of its parking standards to allow Ski the Community Development Director to determine parking requirements for housing for persons with disabilities, based upon the requirements for comparable use and upon the particular characteristics of the use. • The Planning Commission may grant a use perTdt as applied for or in modified form if, on the basis of the application and the evidence submitted, the Commission makes all of the following findings: o That the proposed location of the conditional use is in accord with the objectives of the Zoning Ordinance and the purposes of the district in which the site is located. o That the proposed locafm of the conditiond use and the conditions under which it would be operated or maintained will not be detrimental to the public health, safety or welfare, or materially injurious to properties or improvements in the vicinity. 8. Building Codes and Enforcement The intent of budding and saWy cedes is to preserve public health and safety, and ensure the construction of safe and decent housing. These codes and standards also have file potential to increase the cost of housing construction or maintenance. a. BuikFmg Codes The City of Saratoga has adopted the 2013 California Building Code, which is based ea establishes construction standards for all residential buildings. The city amends the Code as needed to further define requirements based on ft unique local conditions. The Code is designed to protect the public health, safety and welfare of Saratoga's residents. Code enforcement in the City is performed proactively and on a complaint basis. b. Federal Fair Housing Act and Americans with Disabilities Act The federal Fair Housing Act of 1998 (FHA) and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) are federal laws intended to assist in providing safe and accessible housing. ADA provisions include requirements for a minimum percentage of units in new developments to be fully accessible for persons with physical disabilities. Compliance with these regulations may increase the cost of housing construction as well as the cost Draft June 2014 —® CITY ._ A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES of rehabilitating older units, which may be required to comply with current codes. However, the enforcement of ADA requirements is not at the discretion of the City, but is mandated under federal law. 9. On and Off -Site Improvements On and off -site improvements may be required in conjunction with development based on the location of the project and existing infrastructure. Dedication and construction of streets, alleys and other public easements and improvements may be required to maintain public safety and convenience. The City's standards and requirements for sheeh, sidewalks, and other site improvements are found in the Municipal Code. Table 3-8 summarizes the City's standards for roadway and right -of -way widths. Table 3 -8. Street Widths Table 3 -8 Street Widths Right -of -Way Width (infeet) Type of Street Pavement 6 -Lane Through -fare 120 104 (including 16- foot median strip) 4 -Lane Divided Thorough -fare 100 80 (including 16- foot median strip) 4 -Lane Undivided Thorough -fare 90 64 2 -lane R a>IugtOwe 60; 842 40; 64 Fronke Road 30 (including 5 -foot separator between 24 main line right -of -way and nearest frontage road curb face) Collector 60 40 Hillside 50 (plus slope easements where 26 necessary) Local Street (RM- 3,000; RM 4,000; 56 36 RM- 5,000) Local Street (R -1- 10,000; R- 50 36 1-12,500) Local Street (R- 1- 15,000) 50 33 Local Street (R -1- 40,000) 50 26 Draft June 2014 On m S A R A T� HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES Hillside Local Street 40 (plus slope easements where necessary) 26 Sitreef WkIts 7of IC t Right -of -Way Width (in feet) Pavement Width (in feet)' ul -de Sac 50 33 Cul -de -Sac serving 12 lots or less 40 30 Cul -de -Sac, turnaround 42 (radius) 32 (radius) Minimum Access Street 20 16 Notes: Total width between exterior curb faces or shoulder edges 'Required on 2 -lane thoroughfares in or adjacent to commercial or PA zoft districts to proWde channelizotion for turning movements Source: City of Saratoga Municipal Code Article 14- 10.320 Table 1, definition for "Subdivision" The on- and off -site improvements required by the City are necessary to adequately provide the infrastructure and public facilities that support housing development. These requirements ensure pubic safety and hec fh, are not jeopardized by increased development and do not unduly hinder hou*ng development. 10. Development Fees The Community Development Depc"rnent of the City of Saratoga is self- funded. Various developmerlA and penrwl fees are charged by the City and other agencies to cover administrative processing costs associated with development. These fees ensure quality development cnd the provision of adequate services. Often times, developmenit fees are passed through to renters and homeowners in the price /rent of housing, thus affecting the affordability of housing. Table 3 -9 compares the development fees in Saratoga with development fees of neighboring cities. Table 3 -10 summarizes the typical development fees for single - family and multi - family developments. Based on the residential projects constructed in Saratoga, the City has not found the development and permit fees to hinder the supply of housing. Draft June 2014 cin 0VW SARAT A IaDle 3 -Y. Gomoararve uevei=ment tee 5UmmarV lU I3 -1014 HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES Table 3 -9 Comparative Development Fee Summary 2808 - 2989-2013 -2014 Description Saratoga Cupertino Los Gatos Negative AGWGI G94 b G9R5U4GRt PIUS Major'- $4,174 $3767-7 12,LL5 ($3;5895,000 Declaration Minor 2 _ $2,086 $4,838 deposit for Initial Study) andiFeGt G96t. Cost of consultant lus _35%. EIR Processing Cost of consultant plus 35 %. $27,D4 4 3,44 Consultant's fee, plus review fee - $10,9429-,492 and 10% EIR Cost iF�iFee# Ges� Categorical - $243 No fee General Plan $3,500 initial deposit. AG#ael 13v hour Actual cost /$5,000 Amendment Gest eheicged by GGRSUItEIRt MiA9F GRA deposit �ffl*GEIIIY40 $2 mss€ teF CitySiadireGt GGSts GIPPIOGGItiGR fee $6 2bA A 9j9FGR4 Of eI8GfiGR Gs d8t8R:R Red by $4,019i 96 2@ te be depesited With Q'-r° Zone Change $3,500 initial deposit 139 hour Actual cost /$5,000 $128A;GWF MiROF $3,1991 depositWitfaeet 6eRerel RIGA 9 $6,200i SpeGiAG IEW r8R $9,425 - $4,19 - $12,942 �esi R AFREIRGIFFIeR Tentative TFaGt Less Than 10 Lots - _$�28NaeuF l 5 509$2 Four lots or less - Map $5,000 initial deposit; 16 944$5,469-; Five lots 10 or More Lots - $120/hou or more - $11,010 $5,000 initial deposit plus Draft June 2014 Cin or * ARAT�J _A Table 3 -9 Comparative Development Fee Summary 2808 29092013 -2014 Description Saratoga Cupertino Los Gatos $150 for each lot over 10; 9,64 Subdivision Final Map = $2,500 for 10 lot plus $500 each additional lot. Site Plan Administrative Design Review Design Review Development Review Review - $3,400; Committee - $3,504094 Committee Planning Commission Design Approval - Varies Review - $5,200 Planning Commission - from $%,2446,14L $7.0112,084to$1,751; Planning Commission Approval - Varies from$8, 558 4,999to 1 751 528 Conditional $128fhew.Use Permit- Major Use Permit - Varies: $824 to Use Application $15,509 363; $5,862; Variance - Permits and Review: (Admin Review) Minor Use Permit $3,648. Variances $3,400; (Planning Commission Review) $4,400; Variance - Application $7,2446 ; Variance - 31g4g $3,908 ($649 when Review- $2,700 #er ARW Building Building Permit $78 minimum up to $7,010 for Varies from $2,693 Varies from $23.50 the first $1,000,000 plus (2,500 sa. ft. tract for up to $500 to $4.56 each additional home) + $46.24 for $5,608.75 for the first $1,000 or fraction thereof each 100 sa. ft. to $1,000,000 plus $2,919 (2,500 sa. ft. $3.15 for each custom home in additional hillside) + $46.24 for $1,000 or fraction each 100 sa. ft. thereof Plan Check 65% of the buktng permit fee Varies from $1,354 65% of building (2,500 sa. ft. tract permit fee home) + $1 for each 100 sq. ft. to $4,954 (2,500 sa. ft. custom home in hillside) + $40 for each 1 QO s . ft. Electrical $.10 / sq. ft. (minimum $78) $47 - permit $693& - permit; plan review fee 25% of electrical permit fee; $.1 l 40 /s . ft. new Draft June 2014 SARAT W HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES Table 3 -9 Comparative Development Fee Summary 281x8 - 2089-2013 -2014 Description Saratoga Cupertino Los Gatos Mechanical 1 $.10 / sq. ft. (minimum $78) Plumbing SMIP (Strong Motion Instrumentation Program) Energy $.10 / sq. ft. (minimum $78) Buildina valuation x 0.0010 (minimum 50 cents) Addition to Residential Building -$200 New Residential Structure - $47 49.79 permit}sq. ft. 6935 permit plan siegle fGFRily - sq. 4. review fee 25% of Multi- feaii(y electrical permit fee; $.l 149 /sq.ft. new $47 — permit 40 79 iamliy-Es9 f#-r tu4#i- fam4y y07aa - Pen I III, plan review fee - 25% of Plumbing Permit fee; $.l 140 /sq. ft. new construction only For residential construction of three stories and less, the permit fee is $4-94.00 per $100,000. FeF ell the am fee i& 150 of Building Permit Permit See "Building ermit" fee See "Building Permit" $69 9 9 Issuance I I fee Final Tpor-tMap Storm Drain /Water Quality Subdivision Tentative Subdivision Map - Actual cost charge plus 25% surcharge for City's indirect cost plus $2,500 for the first lot and $500 for each additional lot Single Family: $3,152/DU Varies - Single Family: to $4,280 /acre; Multi- $3,797/ac to: Multi- family: $3,072 /acre plus family $232 /DU 120DU max per $3,797/ac and $143 acre. for each additional unit (not to exceed 4,622/ac Street First $50,000 Estimated - Sidewalks - $16 per Improvement Construction Cost - $5,000 linear foot; Curb and One to four lots - $4,130; Greater than four lots - $8,5747�53 Map check done by Town's consultant - Consultant Cost plus 25% surcharge for reports, reviews, and minimum charge Gutter - Draft June 2014 Table 3 -9 Comparative Development Fee Summary 2DA8- 2892013 -2014 Description Saratoga Cupertino Los Gatos Over $50,000 Estimated $6157- per linear foot Construction Cost - $5,000 plus 5% of Estimated Construction Cost over 50,0003 Sewer First $50,000 Estimated — — Improvement Construction Cost - $5,000 minimum charge Over $50,000 Estimated Construction Cost - $5,000 plus 5% of Estimated Construction Cost over 50,000 Grading Less than 100 Cubic Yards - Greater of $2 542238 89249; first $50,000 $500; Over 100 Cubic Yards rain mjm or 6% of cost of value 104% of $500 for the first 100 cubic of imMvement estimated cost of yards improvements plus $125 for each adcftnal next $50,000 of 100 cubic yards or fraction value - 48% of thereof estimated cost Plan Check Fee $530 of improvements. Capital Facilities and Connections Water $500 $6,894 for single family and townhouses; $2,280 for multi -famil Sewer 500 77.50 JL4 Traffic /Road $.77 per $100 of project $16�g single permit; New residential - Fees valuation additional utility $.15 /sq. ft. company $90444; additional engineering investigation/coordino- tion - $6057- / hr In -Lieu Park $20,700 Varies: $8,100 /DU multi- Based on $0.04 for family to $15,750/DU Facilities Fee each square foot of Single family building addition or alteration, which increases floor area of an existing building. Draft June 2014 LI IY t>F Sri' SA RAT �A Table 3 -9 Comparative Development Fee Summary 2013 -2014 Description Saratoga In -lieu Housina — Mitigation HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES Cupertino Los Gatos Projects one to six units: — As an option $2.93/sa. ft. of floor for project with area. 5 -10 DU, In -lieu fees can be paid into the Town's Affordable Housing Fund and are calculated as b percent of building permit valuation as determined by the Notes: Eight or more residential units. Less than eight residential urAL 'The Estimated ConstrucknCost #a be determinedby th&PWc YWoftDirector and shall be exclusive of the cost to construct pubic uPty facilitieswhere another pubicuNity agencyis collecting similar fees for such facilities. — Not listed in Fee Schedule Sources: City of Saratoga User Fee ScMadu le'fiscol Year 2013J2014; City of Cupertino Summary of User Fees, Resolution 13-M Fees effective July 1.201'3: Tiawnoi Los Gaffs Comprehensive Fee Schedule FY 2013/2014. 2010- 201SConsorida0edMon, City of0apertino Draft June 2014 �ll SACITY R`AIJ A Table 3 -10. Typical Development Fees Comparison Single-Family and Multiple-Family Table 3-10 Typical Development Fees Comparison Single - Family and MuRi- FanY Development Fee New Single - Family' New Multi - Family' Design Review $5,200 $5,200 Engineering Review $1,000 $1,000 Geotechnical Review (for $3 x¢49 N/A Basement) Arborist Review $2,500 $32,500 Environmental Review WA $60,000 (estimate) Total $12,200959 $699 7_00 ($13,940 per unit) Notes: One single - family unit 'Based on an apartment development with 5units Source: City of Saratoga 1 l . Local Processing and Permit Procedures Delays in development and building permit processing can be associated with considerable holding costs that may affect the price of housing. Table 3-11 summarizes the approximate processing time for development applications. Because the City processes permits concurrently, projects that require a conditional use permit can be approved in approximately the same timeframe as projects that do not require discretionary approvals. The Planning Commission may grant a conditional use permit as applied for or in modified form if, on the basis of the application and the evidence submitted, the Commission makes all of the following findings: • That the proposed location of the conditional use is in accord with the objectives of the Zoning Ordinance and the purposes of the district in which the site is located; • That the proposed location of the conditional use and the conditions under which it would be operated or maintained will not be detrimental to the public health, safety or welfare, or materially injurious to properties or improvements in the vicinity; and •_That the proposed conditional use will comply with each of the applicable provisions of Chapter 15 of the Municipal Code. • That the proposed conditional use will not adverselv affect existina or anticipated uses in the immediate neighborhood, and will not adversely affect surrounding prooerties or the occupants thereof. Draft June 2014 SARATAA Table 3 -11. Local Development Processina Time Table 3 -11 Local Development Processing Time Item I Standard Projects Zoning Entitlements including Conditional 2 -3 3-4- months Use Permit or Variance — Reclassification (rezoning) 13-4 months I Plan Check 13-4 weeks I General Plan Amendment 13 -4 moms Environmental Documentation 3 -4 rnmtiltts source: City of Saratoga, Community Development Department Table 3 -11 summarizes the estimated processing timelines for plax�ing application by development type. Processing timelines often occur concurrently. Based on recent residential projects constructed in Saratoga, the city has not found the local development processing timeline to Binder the development of housing. The following describes each process and corresponding decision- making body: Design Review • The Community Development Director grants design review approval when an applicaf'ton is found in compliance with the City's Municipal Code. 9 the Community Development Director intends to approve the application, a "Notice of Intent to Approver wW be mailed to all property owners within two hundred fifty feet of the subject property and to others as deemed appropriate. AM kiterested parties will have fifteen calendar days from the dare of the "Notice of Intent to Approve" in which to review the application and provide written comments to the Community Development Director. The Community Development Director approves or denies the application within fifteen days of the close of the review period and mails notices of the decision to the applicant and to any party that has requested a copy. The Community Development Director's decision can be appealed to the Planning Commission within fifteen calendar days of the Director's decision to approve the application. The Planning Commission at a public hearing will review any appeal. • In reviewing applications for design review approval under, the Planning Commission is guided by the following criteria: 1. Site development follows the natural contours of the site, minimizes grading, and is appropriate given the property's natural constraints. Draft June 2014 CITY W SA RAT AA Draft June 2014 HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES 2. All protected trees shall be preserved, as provided in Article 15 -50 (Tree Regulations). If constraints exist on the property, the number of protected trees, heritage trees, and native trees approved for removal shall be reduced to an absolute minimum. Removal of any smaller oak trees deemed to be in good health by the City Arborist shall be minimized using the criteria set forth in Section 15- 50.080. 3. The height of the structure, its location on the site, and its architectural elements are designed to avoid unreasonable impacts to the privacy of adjoining properties and to community viewsheds. 4. The overall mass and the height of the structure, and its architectural elements are in scale with the structure itself and with the neighborhood. 5. The landscape design minimizes hardscape in the front setback area and contains elements that are complementary to the neighborhood streetscape. 6. Development of the site does not unreasonably impair the ability of adioining properties to utilize solar energy, 7. The desian of the structure and the site development plan is consistent with the Residential De 'a n Handbook, pursuant to Section 15- 45.055. 8. On hillside lots, the location and the design of the structure avoid unreasonable jmpacts to ridgelines, significant hillside features, community viewsheds, and are in compliance with Section 15- 13.100. CITY OFW A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES General Plan Amendment • The Community Development Department reviews the application and prepares a report, which shall be submitted to the Planning Commission. • The Planning Commission holds at least one public hearing on the proposed amendment. • Following the conclusion of the public hearing, the Planning Commission determines whether the proposed amendment should be adopted. The Commission transmits its recommendation to the City Council in writing, together with a copy of the application, if any, and the documents submitted, the report to the Commission from the Community Development Director, the minutes of proceedings conducted by the Commission and the resolution and findings, I any, adopted by the Commission with respect to the proposed amendment. • Upon receipt of the recomrnendaSon of the Planning Commission, the City Council conducts a public hearing on the proposed amendment. • The City Council may approve, modify or reject the recommendation of the Planning Commission. TentativeSubn Map • Applicaf fns for tentative subdivision map approval are filed with the Community Development Director who examines the application and the documents submitted. The time of filing the application is the date on which the application is accepted by the Community Development Director as being complete. Variance • The Planning Commission is designated as the approving authority to grant variances from the regulations prescribed in the Municipal Code. • The Community Development Department reviews the application and prepares a report, which shall be considered in determining whether to approve or deny the variance. .. • The Planning Commission conducts a public hearing on the application for a variance. • Any determination or decision by the Planning Commission can be appealed Draft June 2014 A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES to the City Council. Conditional Use Permit • The Community Development Department reviews the application and prepares a report, which shall be considered in determining whether to approve or deny the conditional use permit. • Except for those uses identified in Section 15- 55.065 of the Municipal Code, the Planning Commission considers all applications for conditional use permits and conducts a public hearing. • Any determination or decision by the Planrwng Commission may be appealed to the City Council. Final Map • Prior to the expiration of a tentative reap approval or extension, the owner has the property accurately surveyed and a find map prepared substantially in accordance with the tentative map as approved. The applicant files three copies of the final map, with any and dl alterations and changes required, with the City Engineer for approval. • Once the final map is filed with City Clerk, at the next available regular meeting, the map shall be either approved or disapproved by the City Council. • The applicant, or any interested person, may appeal to the City Council any determination or decision by filing with the City Clerk a notice of appeal that 6-early identifies the determination or decision from which the appeal is k*en and states the grounds for the appeal. ArborM Review • The City arborist conducts a field survey of the property and notes tree locations, assigns tree numbers, draws outlines of tree canopies and locaf'rans for tree protective fencing, and proposes alternate locations for trenching, lighting, or irrigation lines, and any other pertinent information deemed necessary. able 3 -11. lyplcal Development Processing Timelines by Development Type Table 3 -12 Typical Development Processing Timelines by Development Type Process Single- Family Multi- Family Design Review (Administrative) 11 -22-3 months 1 -2 months Design Review (Planning Commission) 1 22 =3 months 1 22 =3 months Draft June 2014 CITY ll t SAKAT�?, A Environmental Assessment 2-33-4 2 -3 4- &months months General Plan Amendment 4-644 4 -6 44months months Tentative Subdivision Map 2-3 W4 2-34 months months Variance 2 -34-6 2 -3 4- 6months months Conditional Use Permit 2 -3 34 2 -3 3- 4months months Annexation 6 -9 months 6 -9 months Final Map 3 months 3 months Source: City of Saratoga, Community Development Department 12. Measure G The voters of Saratoga approved Measure G in March 1996, which reaffirmed and readopted until December 31, 2025, the provisions of the Land Use Element of the Citv's 1983 General Plan with amendments through August 7, 1995. ertah amendments to the Land Use Element, including changing certain designations on the General Plan Land Use map, may only be made by a vote of the people. _The initiative does not affect the City's existing regulatlom that authorize the creation of second dwelling units, nor does it intertere with the Citys obligation under State law to revise the Housing Elementevery fiV9 ye9FS• 13. Environmental and Infra*ucture Constraints a. Environmental CoraWnts Environmental hazards affecting housing units include geologic and seismic conditions, flooding, fire hazards, toxic and hazardous wastes, and noise. The following hazards may impact future development of residential units in the city. Most identified sites in Appendix B: Land Resources, t:'TT_Si7:T- 77T.TtlV!2!M efi:11 Draft Residential development in the Saratoga foothills CITY O, , HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES not contain environmental constraints to the development of housing. Where environmental constraints exist, the City of Saratoga has identified measures for mitigation. Seismic Hazards The topography of Saratoga generally consists of the low - lying, relatively flat valley floor and the northwestern foothills. Outside the City limits, but within the City's Sphere of Influence, are the Castle Rock portions of the Santa Cruz Mountains. These mountains are very rugged, comprised of steep canyons and sharp rounded ridge tops. The dominant geologic feature within Saratoga's Sphere of Influence is the San Andreas Fault zone, which bisects the mountainous porlim of the terrain. The fault zone determines the geology and topography of the area by separating two different rock assemblages and their associated erosion characteristics. A complex system of fault traces and fractured rock compose the faullt zone. The location of the San Andreas Fault, along the ridge of the Santa Cruz Mountains, subjects the hftde region of the City to potentially severe lateral displacement and ground shaking should an earthquake occur. However, a major portion of the City is underlain by the relatively flat valley floor that is considered a geologic stabAiy zone. There are two ''potentially active'' faults within the City Imits. The Berrocal Fault belongs to the Sargent Fault zone, a complex system of interconnecting faults extending northwest between San Andreas and the Cobvi ras Fauffs. The fault trace crosses Congress Springs Rood and continues irio the southeastern portion of the Sphere of Influence. The Shannon Fault, part of the Wnte Vista fault system, closely parallels the Highway 85 corridor from Regnart Creek in Cupertino to the north, crosses Saratoga Avenue, and continues to AkncK en Expressway in the southeast portion of San Jose. Although there 1s a remote dance that ground rupture could occur on either one of these fault traces, it is more likely to occur on the San Andreas Fault. However, little rural resider ial development has occurred within the San Andreas fault zone in Saratoga's Sphere of W.luence, so the present risk of structural damage due to fault rupture is minimal. The San Andreas Fault zone is the only area within the City and its Sphere of Influence that the State has deemed as a Special Studies Zone. Special Studies Zones are areas along faults considered to be active or potentially active as established by the California Division of Mines and Geology in compliance with the Alquist Priolo Geologic Hazard Zones Act. When development for human occupancy is proposed within these zones, special studies relating to seismic hazards are required and must be submitted to the City or County Geologist for review. As required by the State of California, the Saratoga General Plan contains policies regarding land instability and seismic hazards within the Safety Element (updated in 2011. In addition, the General Plan identifies the general location of the areas of potential seismic hazards, as well as potentially active faults, 100 -year flood areas, and Draft June 2014 hazardous fire areas in the Safety Element. The goal of the geologic and seismic policies is to protect residents from injuries and minimize property damage resulting from land stability, geologic and seismic hazards. To that end, the General Plan identifies specific policies that prohibit development without site - specific geotechnical investigations; prohibit development of structures for human habitation in areas proven to be unsafe (to the maximum extent permitted by law); and, enforce strict earthquake construction and soil engineering standards in order to select the most stable building sites, and to compensate for soil instabilities through the use of approved engineering and construction techniques. In addition, zoning regulations for residential development in hillside areas identify specific mandatory development criteria including the preparation of a site development plan and geologic and soils report; specific procedures for grading and siting structures; and, additional studies (soil and foundation engineering investigation, slope stability studies, investigations addressing seismic hazards of nearby fault traces) as necessary. ii. Landslides The hillside region of the City contains some rock formations conducive to landslides. These areas primarily lie west of Saratoga- Sunnyvale Road, pass through a portion of the Northwestern Hillsides Residential District, and continue past Big Basin Way. The zone is also present within the Sphere of Influence, along the City's northwestern boundary and across Bohlman Road. Landslides and unstable slopes may occur in this area, and can create hazards within the City Limits as the slide debris and rock move down the incline toward the City's valley floor. Landslides and slope instability are the major non - seismic geologic hazards in Saratoga. Although most of the hillside areas experience these hazards to some degree, the most severe risks are found in the vicinity of the Congress Springs area and the upper Calabazas Creek watershed. As noted above, the General Plan includes specific policies to protect residents from injuries and minimize property damage resulting from land stability, geologic and seismic hazards. Moreover, the Zoning Ordinance includes specific regulations for residential development in the hillsides designed to protect human life and property. iii. Soil Creep and Expansive Soils Soil creep and expansive soils are most prevalent in the western hillside regions of the city. Soil creep is the slow, down slope movement of near surface materials. The rate of soil creep is a function of slope angle and soil thickness and texture. It can be regarded as a continuous process, and may cause retaining walls, foundations, and paved roads to fail over a period of time. Expansive soils contain high proportions of clay and altematively absorb and release large amounts of water during wet and dry cycles. Structures built on expansive soils can experience rising foundations during the wet season, resulting in cracked foundations, distorted frameworks, and warped windows and doors. To address adverse effects associated with soil creep and expansive soils, Draft June 2014 HOUSING CONSTRAINTS city ot AND RESOURCES the City requires geotechnical investigations and soil reports in areas where soil creep and expansive soils exist. The presence of soil creep should not have a prohibitive effect on land use, but should alert the City to require appropriate geotechnical investigations to evaluate conditions and to impose engineering solutions to mitigate problems. iv. Flooding Three major drainage basins lie within the City, the San Tomas Aquino, Saratoga, and Calabaza Creeks. Several tributaries of the San Tomas and Calabaza Creeks are located within the City, as well. These include Wildcat, Vasona, and Sobey Creeks, (tributaries of San Tomas Creek), and Prospect and Rodeo Creeks, (tributaries of Calabaza Creek). Areas adjacent to the San Tomas Aquino, Saratoga, and Calabaza Creeks are located within the 100 -year floodplain. In addition, the Wildcat and Vasona Creeks are also subject to the 100 -year flood hazard. Saratoga participates in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). The City adopts and enforces certain floodplain management ordinances and, in return, residents can purchase Federally- backed flood insurance. In addition, the City has an extensive review procedure in conjunction with the Santa Clara Valley Water District, which addresses flooding potential and the impact on development. v. Toxic and Hazardous Wastes Existing regulations in Saratoga severehy Omit uses kwdving hazardous materials. Thus, no major chemical handers are located v4hin the City. The storage, use, and disposal of hazardous materials is limited to gas stations. The hazardous materials generated typically consist of anfirtreeze, brake fluid, motor oil, and gasoline. Saratoga has a hazardous Materials Storage Ordinance (Chapter 8 of the Municipal Code) to protect "hedth, life, resources, property through prevention and control of unauthorized discharges of hazardous materials." The ordinance includes regulations governing administration and enforcement of the code, which is performed by the County; the ht of specific materials covered; containment standards; and, preparation of hazardous materials management plans. vi. Fire Hazards The Saratoga Fire Protection District and the Central Fire District of Santa Clara County serve the City of Saratoga. All area fire departments cooperate in mutual aid agreements, which loosen the strict adherence to district boundaries when adjacent communities are in need. The City's Subdivision Ordinance (Chapter 14 of the Municipal Code) requires a peakload water supply of 1,000 gallons of water per minute for two hours for all housing developments. However, areas with higher site elevations decrease the 35 -pound minimum pressure needed to provide 1,000 gallons per minute, which has caused a severe problem with providing adequate fire protection in the Northwestern Hillsides Draft June 2014 CITY OFW A HOUSING CONSI AND RESOUF Residential District, where several of the homes currently do not meet the City requirement. Hazardous fire areas within the City are located within the Northwestern Hillsides area and extend to the Lower Hillsides in the southwestern portion of the City. Special building regulations exist for the hazardous fire areas, including the requirement for fire retardant roofs and the installation of an electronic fire detection system (Early Warning Fire Alarm System). The Early Warning Fire Alarm System, which is required in all new homes or existing homes expanded by more that 50 percent, consists of heat and smoke detectors which when activated, will transmit a signal directly to a receiver panel in the Saratoga Fire District Station. The fire district will then receive the earliest possible warning of fires, decreasing response time to remote areas and f m reducing the possibility of death, injury, and property damage. The City also requires anti -fire buffer areas and sufficient clearance around each house in the Northwestern Hillsides area. The mirrornum setbacks in this area are 30 feet in the front yard, 20 feet in the side yards, and a min mum of 5028 feet in the rear. Finally, the City has a Weed Abatement Ordinance that requires property owners to remove weeds and other combustible materials that become a fire menace. vii. Noise Traffic is the primary source of noise in Saratoga. in addMon, commercial activities, recreation complem, and ather sites of outdoor pubfrc assembly such as churches and school sites, have been identified as periodic sources of noise complaints. The City's Planning Department currently considers nonce in the project review process and works with the appillilicant to use sfte and other design strategies to reduce noise impacts. b. tfastructure Constraints The following presents the analysis of existing and future water and sewer capacity in Saratoga. The City has found that based on population projections and housing growth needs, there is adequate water and sewer capacity. i. Water The City of Saratoga receives its water supply from the San Jose Water Company. San Jose Water Company obtains water from three major sources: groundwater, imported surface water, and local mountain surface water. Groundwater is pumped from over 100 wells that draw water from the Santa Clara Groundwater Basin. Groundwater accounts for approximately 40 percent of supply. Imported surface water is provided by Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD), the wholesale supplier. Surface water imported from the Sacramento -San Joaquin Delta and purchased from the Santa Clara Valley Water district accounts for approximately 50 percent of supply. A majority of this water originates as Sierra snowmelt, and travels through the State and Federal water projects before treatment at SCVWD's three water treatment plants. A smaller portion is Draft June 2014 impounded in local reservoirs in Santa Clara County. Local mountain surface water is collected in the Santa Cruz Mountains, and treated at San Jose Water Company's two water treatment plants. Local surface water accounts for approximately 10 percent of supply. These sources are often blended together in the distribution system. Consequently, different sources are dispersed to Saratoga from day to day as customer usage changes. Saratoga will continue to meet its future demands with imported water, groundwater, and local mountain surface water supplies. Portions of the higher elevations of the Santa Cruz Mountains within the City's Sphere of Influence provide water runoff into local streams and recharge wells that provide a portion of the City's water supply. These areas should be protected from significant urbanization in order to maximize continued production of the local water supply. Sewer The City of Saratoga is served by two sanitation districts: the Cupertino Sanitary District and the West Valley Sanitation District. The Cupertino Sanitary District covers an area of approximately 15 square miles, serving a population of over 50,000 people. The District owns and manages over 1 million feet of sewer mains, 500,000 feet of sewer laterals, and 15 pump stations. The District has been maintained with a proactive capital hprovement program aimed at extending the reliability and life of the system beyond 100 years. Currently, the District discharges 4.6 million go#= per day, and has ric_Ms to discharge over 8.6 million gallons per day. The District anticipates being cbe to accommodate expected growth within areas served. The West Va e^y Sanitation District covers over 30 square miles, serving a population of over 1220;000 people. The District facilities include over 400 miles of sewer mains and over 250 miles of sewer laterals. The District has a fixed capacity allocation of 13.05 million gallons per day. Based on population growth projections for 2030, the District would not exceed the current fixed capacity allocation. Draft June 2014 —� SAKAI , -A rrWri kAaiffifim �i,VINIS AN n . • - B. Non -Gowef rental Constraints 1. Vacant and Underutillized Land A thorough analysis of vacant and underutilized land within the City of Saratoga is provided in Appendix B. 2. Land Prices Land cost increases have a significant influence on the cost of housing and the availability of affordable housing. A number of factors determine land prices, the most important of which are land availability and permitted development density. As land becomes less available, the price of land increases. Based on review of a hAAdfid ef few multi - family property sales in Saratoga over the past several Years, land costs average $100 per square foot. , 3. Construction Costs Draft June 2014 Formatted: Character scale. 85% • A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES Construction costs are primarily determined by the cost of materials and labor. They are also influenced by market demands and market -based changes in the cost of materials. Construction costs depend on the type of unit being built and the quality of the product being produced. Table 3 -13 summarizes the estimated construction costs based on type of development in Saratoga. Table 3 -13. Construction Cost Estimates Table 3 -13 Construction Cost Estimates Development Type Single - Family Residential Townhomes /Condominiums Cost per Square Foot $250 $250 Multi- family- garden style apartments $250 Bas4 on the orevoiling market conditions. Units assume ciarden-stylecipartments with oQ=*1PW0*4 3Assumes $150 per square foot construclon costs and S100 Dw soucre foot multi-family land costs, 1 4. Mortaaae and Rehabilitation Financing The availability of financina-in a community depends on a number of factors, includin the type of lending institutions active in the community, lending practices, rates and fees charged, laws and regulations goveming financial institutions, and eaual access to those institutions. Through analysis of Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data on the disposition of residential loan applications, an assessment can be made of the availability of residential financing within a community. Table 3-14 summarizes HMDA data for both Saratoga and Santa Clara County as a whole, providing information on the approval status of all home purchase and home improvement loan applications during 2012. Of the 521 applications for home purchase loans in Saratoga, 79 percent were approved, 12 percent denied, and nine percent 9 %) withdrawn or incomplete. In comoarison to the County -wide average, mortaaae loan approval rates were fairl comparable in Saratoga (79 %) and overall Santa Clara County (78 %). In contrast, approval rates for home improvement loans were higher in Saratoga than Santa Clara County as a whole, at 75 percent compared to 70 percent County -wide. Review of loan denial rates by census tract does not identify any areas in Saratoga where loan denials differed markedly from the citywide average. Table 3.14 Draft June 2014 t� A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES 09 Ms �:a 1 o loans Loans Acoroved % loans Denied Withdrawn/ # Loan In om I t Santa Santa • kinto Loan Type AmAications In Saratoga Clara Clara Saratoga Clara Saratoga Saratoga County County County Home Purchase 521 79 0 787o 12% 127. 21- 1 Home Im rovement 92 75 0 ZQZ. 1E. Mo 11% 1 j—oz. 09 Ms Figure 3 -1 shows the average interest roles in 201 Interest rates are determined by national policies and economic conditions and there is little that a local government con do to affect these rates. However, in order to extend home buyt flpportunifies to lower4ncome households, jurisdictions can offer home buying assistance programs such as interest rate write -downs and consider government insured ban programs that may be available to reduce mortgage down payment requirements. Draft June 2014 �:a 1 • Figure 3 -1 shows the average interest roles in 201 Interest rates are determined by national policies and economic conditions and there is little that a local government con do to affect these rates. However, in order to extend home buyt flpportunifies to lower4ncome households, jurisdictions can offer home buying assistance programs such as interest rate write -downs and consider government insured ban programs that may be available to reduce mortgage down payment requirements. Draft June 2014 1111 0 S A RAT A Figure 3- 1. Mortgage Rates -2013 5.00 4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00 250 200 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES t1YRARM — .&15YRFRM .y- 30YRFRM Source: Freddie Mac Primary Mortgage Market Survey As a result of the recent recession, there have been reeeRl changes in the qualifications and lending standards for home bans. Nationailty because there waso s beep a large increase in the number of delinquertces and foreclosures in the residential market, Gs e Fesult lenders have more stringent qualifications for home loans; and lower- income households may find it more difficult to qualty. Draft June 2014 i S A �R A A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES FA Eefl3ewAtiea= C. Resources The ability of the City to achieve its housing goals and obiectives will, to a large extent, depend on the availability of financial resources for implementation. Two primary sources of funds - Community Development Block Grants ICDBGI and Community Service Grants - are currently used to support housing activities in Saratoga. Each of these is described in the following section. 1. Community Development Block Grant Program Community Development Block Grant ICDBGI Program funds are the largest sources of Federal funding for housing and housing related activities in Saratoga. While Saratoga does not have a large enough population to be a CDBG Entitlement City Iminimum Draft June 2014 r =.� CITY � �. A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES ooulation of 50,0001, the City has ioined with other smaller cities and Santa Clara County to form an Urban County under the CDBG Program. The participating cities jointly develop funding priorities and assist the County Board of Supervisors in determining CDBG funding allocation across the Urban County. Table 3 -15 lists the Urban County CDBG funded activities approved for the 2015 fiscal year. Table 3 -15_ Santa Clara County CDBG and HOME Funded Praarams 2. Community Services Grant Throuah Saratoaa's annual Community Service Grant Proaram fundina application and Ongoing Community Service Support Grants, the City allocates General Fund monies to a variety of service organizations that support its commitment to the provision of a social service safety net for the most vulnerable members of the community. In 2013/2014 the City Council allocated $22,825 in funds through its Grant Program and Draft June 2014 Santa _ClaFc.C_c BG and HO . o rams Acplicant Project Fundin Source 1 Mid - Peninsula Housing The Farm HOME 2 Rebuilding Together Silicon Vallgy Home Repair & Modifications CDBG 3 Catholic Charities Lona Term Care Ombudsman CDBG 4 Catholic Charities El Toro Youth ter CDBG 5 Community Service Agency of Los Senior Case Management CDBG Altos, Los Altos Hills & Mt. View 6 Communify Solutions La Isla Pacifica Domestic Violence Shgjter CDBG 7 Community Technology Alliance Tools for Ending Chronic Homelessness in Santa Clara CDBG County 8 Emergency Housing Consortium Shelltr and Support Services - Boccardo Center CDBG 9 Family Suggortiyth2uLsin Inc. Bridaes AfferCare PrograM CDBG 10 Family Su ortive Housing, Inc. San j2se Farylly Shelter CDBG 11 InnVision Shelter Network Julian Street Inn CDBG 12 InnVision Shelter Network Commlarcial Strept Inn CDBG 13 InnVision Shelter Network Cam bell Shglter CDBG 14 Live Oak Adult Day Services Adult Day Coi e CDBG 15 Law Foundation of Silicon Valley it Housing 6ssistance Project CDBG 16 Next Door Solutions to Domestic Next Door Shelter & Support Services Program CDBG Violenc 17 Project S nfinel Tenant-Landlord & Mortgage Services CDBG 18 Saratoga Area Senior Coordinating Adult Day Care Program CDBG Council 19 Senior Adults Legal Assistance Leal Assistance to Elders in Campbell, Morgan Hill & CDBG Saratoga 20 Silicon Valley Independent Housina Program for Persons with Disabilities CDBG 21 West Valley Community S!2rvjces Communily Access to Resources and Education CDBG 22 YWCA Domestic Violence Services CDBG 2. Community Services Grant Throuah Saratoaa's annual Community Service Grant Proaram fundina application and Ongoing Community Service Support Grants, the City allocates General Fund monies to a variety of service organizations that support its commitment to the provision of a social service safety net for the most vulnerable members of the community. In 2013/2014 the City Council allocated $22,825 in funds through its Grant Program and Draft June 2014 $107,915 in funds through its Ongoing Grant program. Similar amounts were allocated in prior years. The City utilizes its annual Community Service Grant Program allocations and Ongoing Grant Program to fund a variety of agencies and services including: • Saratoga Area Senior Coordinating Council's (SASCC) Adult Day Care Program • West Valley Community Services • Catholic Charities Ombudsman Program • SASCC Service and Supplemental Service Support • United Way 211 Funding • Housing Trust of Santa Clara County 3. Energy Conservation Energy conservation remains a maior priority in the City of Saratoga. The City requires compliance with Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations on the use of energy efficient appliances and insulation. Through compliance with Title 24, new residential development has reduced energy demands, Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E), which provides electricity service in the City of Saratoga, offers public information and technical assistance to homeowners regarding energy conservation. PG &E also provides numerous incentives for energy efficiency in new construction and home remodeling. Remodeling rebates exist for projects installing three or more upgrades from a flexible menu of options that earn points towards incentives and rebates. This program's incentives range between $1,000 and $4,500. The City of Saratoga requires the submittal of a Cal Green checklist with applications for Design Review for single- and multi - family existing and new residential construction projects. The Cal Green checklist is based on standards produced by the California Building Standards Commission. One of the more recent strategies in building energy-efficient homes is following the U.S. Green Building Council's Guidelines for LEED Certification. LEED - certified buildings demonstrate energy and water savings, reduced maintenance costs and improved occupant satisfaction. The LEED for New Construction program has been applied to numerous multi - family proiects nationwide. The LEED for Homes program was launched in 2005 and includes standards for new single- family and multi - family home construction. The LEED certification standards are one piece of a coordinated green building program. A green building program considers a broad range of issues including community design, energy efficiency, water conservation, resource - efficient material selection, indoor environmental quality, construction management, and building maintenance. The end result will be buildings that minimize the use of resources; are healthier for people; and mitigate the effects of the environment. Draft June 2014 A HOUSING CONSTRAINTS AND RESOURCES The following presents a variety of ways in which Saratoga can promote energy conservation: • Provide information regarding rebate programs and energy audits available through Pacific Gas and Electric; • Refer residents and businesses to energy conservation programs such as Build It Green and LEED for Homes; • Develop incentives, such as expedited plan check, for developments that are utilizing green building; • Promote funding opportunities for green buildings, including available rebates and funding through the California Energy Commission; and • Provide resource materials regarding_ green building and conservation programs. Draft June 2014 SAR This page intentionally left blank Draft June 2014 U SARATpA Appendix B: Residential Land Resources A. Sites to Accommodate the 2014 -2022 RHNA State law requires each jurisdiction in California to demonstrate the availability of adequate sites through appropriate zoning and development standards and the availability of public services and facilities. These available sites must provide the necessary policy and regulatory guidance to accommodate a variety of housing types at a variety income levels. The City must demonstrate through policies and regulations that the estimated capacity of adequate sites will be able to accommodate the projected housing need for the 2897-28742015 -2023 Pkarying Period. The State Department of Finance (DOF) is responsible for projecting the total State -wide housing demand, with the State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) apportioning this demand to each of the State's regional governing bodies. This demand represents the number of additional units needed to accommodate the anticipated growth in the number of households, to replace expected demolitions and conversions of housing units to non - housing units, and to achieve a future vacancy rate that allows for healthy functioning of the housing market. The Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) is the Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO), for determining and allocating the region's projected new housing demand to munic aRties wR* the MPO's Jurisdiction, The allocation of projected housing demand is divided into four income categories: • Very Low4ncome: 0 percent to 50 percent of the area median income; • Low4ncome: 51 percerd to 80 percent of the- area median income; • Wtoderate- Income: 81 percent to 120 percent of the area median income; and • Above Moderate- krcome: rwe than 120 percent of the median income. Pursuant to AB 2634 (Statutes of 2006), the City of Saratoga must also address the projected housing need for Extremely Low- Income (ELI) households. ELI households are defined as households earning less than 30 percent of the area's median income. The projected Extremely Low -k -come need can be assumed as 50 percent of the total need for Very Low- Income households. Through the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) process, regional -level housing growth needs are allocated to individual cities and counties comprising the Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO). The allocation takes into account factors such as market demand for housing, employment opportunities, the availability of suitable sites and public facilities, commuting patterns, type and tenure of housing need, and others. In determining a jurisdiction's share of new housing needs by income category, the allocation is adjusted to avoid an over - concentration of lower income households in any one jurisdiction. Draft June 2014 RESIDENTIAL LAND RESOURCES The current RHNA prepared by the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) allocates housing needs for the period from January 1, 29972014 to fie- October 3931, 24) 42022. The RHNA identifies 2-92439 units as the City of Saratoga's share of the region's housing for the 2007 -Al 42015 -2023 planning periodpeed. ;WS Reed prevides the fqF This section documents the availability of sites for future development and the adequacy of these sites to address Saratoga's regional housing needs. The City plans to fulfill its share of regional housing needs through: • Residential proiects in process with occupancy post January 1, 2014; • Vacant and underutilized sites currently zoned for residential and mixed use development; and • Second units. 1. Projects in Process es thwp GleteFFRiRed t9-be efthese ree-eetly a. Approved Units Several residential proiects with development entitlements will contribute towards addressing Saratoga's housina needs. Proiects range in size from several small 2 to 3 unit proiects to a 12 unit condominium development, and will provide a total of 23 new units. As indicated in Table B -1, all Tthese are market rate and would thus be suitable for wedld Above Moderate Income and households APN I Address I Total Net I Affordability Category Draft June 2014 ciry Of A . RESIDENTIAL LAND RESOURCES 397 -27 -029 20440 Arbeleche lane 3 Above Moderate 503 -25 -015 14651 Big Basin Way 3 Above Moderate 386 -30 -037 & -038 12250 Saratoga Sunnyvale Road 12 Above Moderate 503 -82 -006 Total 23 Above Moderate Source: City of Saratoga b. Approved Subdivisions In addition to the oroiects with entitlements described above, as of March 2014, the Cit has approved 10 new singe - family residential parcels which remain to be developed: Given current market demand, the Citv anticipates_ applications for these units to be approved and the units to be constructed within the RHNA 2015 -2023 planning period. Table B -2 shows the locations of these pending units. These units would be affordable to Above Moderate income households. Table B -2. Approved Subdivisions Source: City of Saratoga Commun ty Development DeparFrnent Table B 2 I AL 2nv�,zv22 Table B 2 VeFy Le Ineeme Lie Approved Subdivisions Above McEleFate ineeme APN Address Total Net AffordablUty Cate-gory 503 -10 -006 Unb 22700 Mount Eden Road 2 Above Moderate 503 -82 -006 Paramount Drive 6 Above Moderate 510 -06 -005 19370 Sarato a Los Gatos Road 2 Above Moderate 247 T tal 1 60 Source: City of Saratoga Commun ty Development DeparFrnent Table B 2 I AL 2nv�,zv22 VeFy Le Ineeme Lie Mederat@ ineeme Above McEleFate ineeme Tetal 20142922 RHNANeed 44-7 96 494 93 439 AppFeved & PeediFig PFeteets 9 9 9 33 23 Adjusted RHNA Need 247 Sri 404 60 446 %19165: "e. Draft June 2014 CITY OFW) A RESIDEN11Al LAND RESOURCES Sites 2. Sites Capacity to Meet Regional Share Goals To enable the City of Saratoga to meet RHNA goals, the City must evaluate its capacity to provide available sites to meet projected future housing needs. Subtracting the 33 units in approved projects and subdivisions described above, the City has a remaining RHNA need of 406 units uqn.d- 49 RK far households.. The City must demonstrate it has or will make available adequate sites with appropriate zoning and development starxkyds and with services and facilities to accommodate the remaining RHNA steed. As presented in the following section, the City eRtl� has identified sufficient lead vacant and underutilized siteseua+leble to accommodcde its regional growth needs, and will adopt its regional growth needs, and will adopt supplemental zoning and development standards to specifically encourage and facillcie housing for lower income households. a. Vacant Land Most of the vacant bnd in the Cty of Saratoga is located in hillside areas. Table B -3 summarizes the vacmtt land in the City currently zoned for residential use. Exhib4 B-2 l is assumed the estimated capacity of 4-8 77 dwelling urft would providenesiden" units efferdeble suitable to Above - Moderate Income households. Draft June 2014 yin ,�r A RAT �J,A Table B -3. Vacant Land Inventory RESIDENTIAL LAND RESOURCES 7 Table B -3 Vacant Land Inventory Land Use Category o- No. of Parcels Acreage Average Pro ected Dwelling Density Units Hillside Conservation Residential HR 31 160.6 1 du /parcel/ 41' RHC 6 du acre min Hillside Open Space (OS -HI HR 2 12.8 1 du /parcel 2 Medium Density Residential IM- R -1- 10,000 9 1.9 1 du /parcel 9 ik Medium Density Residential (M- R -1- 12.500 2 - 1.2 — 1 du /parcel 2 - 1Z.51 Medium Density Residential IM- R -1- 15,000 1 - 0.4 — 1 du /parcel I - 15 Low Density Residential (RLDJ R -1- 20,000 3 2_5 1 du/parcel 3 Very low Density Residential RVLD R -1- 40,000 18 31.8 1 du /parcel 18 Total 283.91 77 Density Based on City of Saratoga preliminary aodicafion review Source: City of Saratoga b. Project Road Candidate C -N RHD Sites for Mixed -Use Development As part of its 2007 -2014 Housing Element, the City AGs-identified six adjoining parcels W444 located on Prospect Road between Saratoga Avenue and Lawrence Expressway suitable for multi - family development. These parcels were rezoned from Commercial Neiahborhood fCNI to Commercial Neiahborhood Residential Hiah Density C- N(RHD) during the 2007 -2014 planning cycle. The Qty will Fezene these sites ipte e to encourage new mixed -use zeni,ng distret development with a minimum net density standard of 20 du /ac, allowing units to be counted towards FRee#ng -_the City's lower Draft June 2014 income heusiag Reed site requirement pursuant to the default densities specified under AB 2348. Mixed -use development is permitted by right in the in the C- N(RHD) district. The- P4ere4 potential -te develep development capacity was planned at 87 dwelling units on the identified underutilized sites utilizing the 20 du /ac density standard. The City has determined that these parcels can accommodate additional development beyond 20 du /ac given the density of existing development in the vicinity. Parcels in the City of San Jose border the candidate sites on three sides. City of San Jose development regulations for this area allow residential densities starting at 55 du /ac. To make this accommodation the City of Saratoga will modify the existing C- N(RHD) ordinance to allow for increased height from 30 feet to 35 feet and increase the permitted number of stories from two to three in order to allow mixed -use development with a residential density of at least 30 du /ac. There is potential to develop 183 units on the sites utilizing the 30 du /ac density standard. Table B -4 describes the realistic development capacity for each of the six parcels. . Table B -4. Prospect Road Candidate C- N(RHD) Sites I Source: City of Saratoga Community Development Department Draft June 2014 LAPN Table d -45 d&_ Existing Use Prospect Road Acres Candidate General C -N Zoning RHD Siie;InveRteNy Existing Proposed Capacity 7A Notes Parcel Description Plan Square Density (tt of Footage (Minimum) units) 1 386 -10- Retail, 043 Restaurant, 2.27 CR CN RJ HD1 23,021 2A 20 Personal du /ac Services 2 386 -10- 004 Services 1.00 CR CN &W 9,357 du/ac 46.30 3 386 -10- Personal 2930 Potential for 055 Services 0.24 CR CN RHD 5,147 du/ac 3 8 lot 4 X056 Office 0.70 CR CN RHD 3,081 421 consolidation du/ac 5T 38�60- Retail 0.93 CR CN RHD 11,381 X30 4328 1 du/ac 6 386 -10- Retail, Personal l 007 Services, 0.93 CR CN RHD 14,527 du/a x-28 Office Sub -Total 6.12 Sub -Total 87183 Qp for Acreage 0.3 Total �re d tion for potential 173 c mmodation of I Source: City of Saratoga Community Development Department Draft June 2014 Exhibit B -1 on the following page shows the location of the Prospect Road sites, as well as Saratoga Village and Gateway candidate sites described later in this chapter. Draft June 2014 m Adftk CITY ON S A RAT ?*nA RESIDENTIAL LAND RESOURCES Exhibit B-1. Housing Opportunity Sites Prospect Road I JL- Chnsto M.A.11f. Gateway Sites Elementary Blue Hift Elementary K.4. AZu M— Park 7 HE F 1 0 .2 Congres Spnng P. uD uD Argonaut Prospect Sites Prospect High School M El—foxy 00 WEI Fork P. —al Pa,-,t Alendale Avenue ME- Foalhal Saratoga Elarnaniory Hgh hod Red—ad Mddl—chool t1 t West valley College 1,111h.11 L.ne Eienvntary ot I I D Olt C < L L porr� "oo d Village Sites "°°° Fellowship Plaza 1i3q F- L!gend 0 1,250 2500 5.000 Candidate Sites Schools Saratoga Parks = City Limits = State Route 85 Highway IxA, Housing Opportunity Sites I Exhibit I Draft June 2014 CITY OF SARAT 'A Prospect Road Sites Realistic Capacity MWRESIDENTIAL LAND RESOURCES Existing uses within the six underutilized parcels consist of single -story retail, fast food restaurant and carwash uses sf„ «s Gnd °^,r.11 ^Ff c-es surrounded by parking. These Feteil ead e€fiGe uses are located in s -older single story structures built between the 1960s and 1980' s. The eeRtw- structures isare characterized by outdated architectural styles consisting of tai= aad ggi:aye4 -flat roofs with interior court parking offering limited retail exposure. These sites are well- suited for higher density residential development. The parcels are located along a major transportation corridor and easily accessed by bus transit with proximity to an expressway. Across from these parcels is a grocery store, retail mall and high school leested -iatbe City -ef SGR i e. The parcels contain adequate infrastructure to support residential development and no environmental constraints have been identified with the potential to limit residential development. The six parcels are located ed}'eeeat to near EdrreAt Fnixed 119@ higher density developments in the neighboring City of San Jose. These projects illustrate the 1P�' development trends occurring in the area. The City of Saratoga adopted ordinance amendments to permit mixed -use with high density residential on these six Candidate -" Sites under the new C- N(RHD) zoning district istrict (15- 19.035). The minimum residential density Existing development at the Prospect Road Site is 20 units per net acre conforming to the desian standards of the Mixed -Use ordinance (15 -58). This C- N(RHD) district also accommodates emergency shelters, transitional housing, and supportive housing for homeless individuals and families. To further encourage development of mixed -use high density housing in Saratoga, this Housing Element update irducles policy actions that amend the existing zoning standards for these parcels to allow for increased densities at a minimum of 30 dwelling units per net acre with height allowance increases of three stories and 35 feet. -G4V4 This Housing Element update continues to include policy actions to support partnerships with the development community to provide housing opportunities for lower income households; and encourage lot consolidation of smaller parcels. Consistent with SB 2, the City has adopted provisions for Emergency Shelters ie within the C- N(RHD) zoning district. In order to reserve C- N(RHD) acreage for potential emergency shelter use, the City has reduced the total acreage on these six parcels available for mixed use development by 0.3 acres and reduced the corresipondina unit potential by ten units. The City has determined that there is a potential capacity of 173 dwelling units on these parcels given the following considerations: Draft June 2014 SARAT A RESIDENTIAL LAND RESOURCES • Site size, • Accommodation of ground -floor commercial uses fronting the street, • Recent development trends occurring in the area, • Availability of adequate infrastructure and services, • Acreage reduction for emergency shelters, and • Ordinance amendments to require abGsed -GR G minimum net density of 20-30 du /ac theFe is G Pet@RtiGl GGPGG4Y ef 97 13 GlWelliRg URA GR pGFeels. C. Saratoga Village Center Candidate Sites for Mixed -Use Development The City has identified two - -tree adjoining parcels with potential for residential development on Big Basin Way (known as the historic Saratoga Village). These parcels are located between Highway 9 and Third Street, and are zoned Commercial Historic District 1 (CH -1). Mixed -use development is a conditionally permitted use in this zone. The potential redevelopment capacity for these parcels was determined through an evaluation of the longstanding retail vacancies at the site, past development interest in the site and existing capacity under current zoning regulations. The site can accommodate 2322 units at a density of 20 dwellina units per net acre with a mix of commercial uses. Table B -5 describes the realistic development capacity for each of the three parcels that make up the site. Exhibit B-1 shows the location of the three parcels. Table B -5. Villaae Sites Inventory Table B -5 Village Site Invento� ,pans Gand jgdng B N 111m Sww Derdy (tkofun>s1 Rickm U 1 517 1 Ret - Persond Savice IN — CR — CH -1 — jaL4 20du /ac 21 — Lot under sane 2 517-09-047 Service M CR CH -1 3,4W 20du ac 1 icd 112 Total 22 I Source: City of Saratoga Community Development Department Saratoga Village Center Sites Realistic Capacity Existing uses within the two#Iree underutilized parcels consist of retail and service uses setback from the street and surrounded by oarkina. The uses are located in sinale story structures built in the 1950's and 1960's. Grad The etherstructures have been predominately vacant for a number of years following the discontinued operation of a small grocery market. The shopoinq center is characterized by outdated ranch style architecture and building orientation that provides limited retail exposure. The large surface oarkina lot in the front of the orooerfy is Draft June 2014 gal inconsistent with the development pattern and character of the Village along Big Basin Way. Existing development at Saratoga Village Center The Citv reviewed an application for mixed -use development on the site in 2009 that included 25 residential units and 21,571 sauare feet of commercial space. For economic reasons the development was not pursued at that time. However, the City has determined that the current market conditions and the site's prime location near the gateway of the downtown make the site well suited for increased commercial density mixed with medium density residential development. The City had determined that the Saratoga Village Center sites are suitable for development of 2322 units a4GFdGbIe te RqedeFGte iReeme heuseh . The sites are located in close proximity to other multi - family development, bus transit and Highway 9. d. Saratoga Gateway Candidate Sites for Mixed -Use Development The City has identified four adioining parcels with potential for residential development on Saratoga - Sunnyvale Road (known as the Gateway Area). These parcels are located on the west side of Saratoga - Sunnyvale Road to the north of the Southern Pacific Railroad line, and are zoned Commercial Visitor (C -V). Mixed -use development is a conditionally permitted use in this zone. The City has determined the potential redevelopment capacity for these parcels based on the underutilized nature of the site, past and current development trends in the vicinity, and existing capacity under current zoning regulations. The site can accommodate 65 units at a density of 15 dwelling units per acre Mlth a mix of commercial uses. The unit potential was determined through an evaluation of the site's proximity to a moderate density housing development located adiocent to the site, and the development trend within the City's Gateway Area of housing units located behind a new commercial building. Table B -6 describes the realistic development capacity for each of the four parcels that make up the site. Exhibit B -1 shows the location of the four parcels. Draft June 2014 S A RAT A Table B -6. Gateway Sites I Parce APN Existing Use Acres General I Descriotion (net) Plan 1 366- Mini 3.22' CR — 12- Storaae 072 2 366- Retail 1.02 CR Zoning EAstincz Square Foot e Cv 104,526 RESIDENTIAL LAND RESOURCES Proposed Capacity Densly Rot unNs s 15 du ac 36 Cv 12,330 15 du ac 11 12- — — 4 3 366- Funeral 1.03 CR CV 11288 15 dylac 11 12- Home 0 4 366- Retail .58 CR Cv 5.870 15 du ac 7 12- Notes Potential for lot consol - dation Includes deduction for 25' creek bank setback 2 Includes deduction of land cm for horizontal mixed use Source: City of Saratoga Community Development Deoortment Gateway Sites Realistic Capacity Existing development on the four underutilized parcels consists of retail and service uses setback from the street and surrounded by parking. The buildings are all single story structures built in the late 1960's and the mid 1980's. The structures on the sites contain: a public storage business, a funeral home, and various service and retail businesses. The center is characterized by outdated ranch style architecture and building orientation and setbacks that provides limited retail exposure. The City has determined that the market conditions and the site's location near similarly approved – mixed -use development on Sunnvvale- Saratoga Road in the Gateway Area make the site suitable for higher density residential and commercial mixed -use 4l��� �develo�ment. The site isThe site is Existing development at Gateway Site located on a maior transportation Draft June 2014 //`f CITY OF ` S A RAT P, A RESIDENTIAL LAND RESOURCES corridor that is easily accessed by bus transit. Therefore, the City has determined these 65 units to be affordable to moderate income households. Fellowship Plaza od 9 54eS ed- f9F Fesirde.,t4 use. The City has identified the nff Pelie ,° Fellowship Plaza as having the greatest potential to accommodate #the RHNA need for Very Low and Low Income households need. The retirement community is currently comprised of 4 -4,3150 independent living apartments ee#ages for seniors ^^^' fho �i��h�o� iA,-„fo41 The Conditional Use Permit for Fellowship Plaza allows for develeper-s the development of a minimum of 75 additional units affordable to Very Low- and Low4ncome households located within a 10.5 acre parcel withiR ihe site kRGWR GS Fellewship P . The Conditional Use Permit specifies that development of these units is by -right without discretionary action beyond Design Review. at a minimum of 20 du /ac. amity Table B -7. Fellowship Plaza Refirement Communitv Table d-7 Add Fellows Fellowship Plaza Retirement Community APN Address Existing Use Acres General Zoning Plan 397 -12 -016 14500 Fruitvale Ave. Fellowship 10.53 CFS R -1- 40,000 Plaza Source: City of Saratoga Second Unit Potential Draft June 2014 City records show that a total of 65 Second Dwellinq Units were constructed between 2001 and 2014, with 22 approved during the most recent 2007 -2014 planning period (Table 2 -20). The City anticipates that demand for future Second Dwelling Unit permits will increase with modifications to the City's Second Unit Ordinance through adoption of the 2015 -2023 Housing Element. Ordinance modifications will include elimination of the minimum unit size and reductions to the requirements for minimum lot size. To further encourage second unit development, the City will prepare an informational brochure as part of an overall program to encourage second unit development. Takina into consideration the strong support for second units expressed at the Housinq Element community workshops, and past construction achievements, the City anticipates receiving applications for an overage of 4 to 5 second units per year. The City's goal is to achieve 35 Second Dwelling Units over the course of the eight Year planning period. A survey (Craigslist May 9, 2014 & May 20, 20141 of second unit rentals in Saratoga and surrounding cities showed rents ranging from $850 to $2,000, with a median rent for a 1 bedroom of $1,600 and $1,360 for a studio. These rents are in the range of Very Low to Moderate affordability for Santa Clara County. Based on feedback from owners of second units, city staff understands that a large percentage of second units are occupied rent free by family members or domestic workers. The city does not maintain records on rents for second units other than deed restricted units. Surveys done in San Mateo County for the nearby cities of Woodside, Portola Valley, Los Altos Hills, and Hillsborough indicate that between 62 and 74 percent of all second units are available to Very Low or Extremely Low households. These cities are demographically similar to Saratoga. In Saratoga, the majority of recently constructed second units have utilized the floor area and site coverage bonus provisions which require that the unit be deed restricted for rent to below market rate households. Durinq the 2007 -2014 Housing Element Cycle, the city issued permits for 18 second units, 13 of which were deed restricted second units. The City estimates that the deed restricted units would be available for Low income households and the non -deed restricted units would be available for Moderate income households. 3. Sites Summary State Housing Element Law requires local governments to prepare an inventory of land suitable for residential development, including vacant sites, sites having the potential for redevelopment, and an analysis of the relationship of zoning, public facilities, and services to these sites. The inventory of land suitable for residential development must be used to identify sites that can be developed for housing within the planning period. In terms of evaluating the adequacy of these sites to address the affordability targets established by the RHNA, State Housing Element law provides for the use of "default densities" to assess affordability. Based on its population, Saratoga falls within the default density of 20 units /acre for providing sites affordable to Very Low- and Low- Income households. For Moderate - Income households, a threshold of 12 units /acre is used to Draft June 2014 reflect a reasonable density for achieving moderate income development. Table B-87 summarizes the City of Saratoga's capacity to meet RHNA goals. Table B -8. Sites Summary The Extrea'mV Lai 4loome need'aammed to be Spercentat the Very Low- Income allocation =_43-73 units. Source: Cily of Saratoga B. Assisted Units "At -Risk" of Cofwsion Note to HCD: This entire section has been updated and replaced. The State HoustrQ Element Lc7w requires jurisdictions to analyze government- assisted housing that is eligible for conversion from lower income to market rate housing over the next 10 years. State Law identifies housing assistance as a rental subsidy, mortgage subsidy, or mortgage insurance to an assisted housing development. Government assisted housing converts to market rate housing for a number of reasons including expiring subsidies, mortgage repayments, or expiration of affordability restrictions. This section will address: • An inventory of assisted housing units that are "at- risk" of converting to market rate housing; • An analysis of the costs of preserving and /or replacing these units; • Resources that could be used to preserve "at- risk" units; Draft June 2014 Very Low- Low- Moderate- Above Total Income Income Income Moderate - Income 2014 -2022 RHNA 98147 4995 77104 5793 29-2439 N2997�A eed Approved 0 0 0 2933 2933 Units Subdivisions Vacant Land Capacity 0 0 0 44977 4-4477 C -N RHD Candidate 87173 0 0 97-173 Sites Saratoga Village Center 0 2322 0 2322 Sites Saratoga Gateway 65 65 Sites Fellowship Plaza 75 0 0 75 Retirement Community Second Unit Poteutt!ial 18 17 35 TOTAL Unit Potential TeweFd- 14 #?b4 283 8783 110 4804$1 - The Extrea'mV Lai 4loome need'aammed to be Spercentat the Very Low- Income allocation =_43-73 units. Source: Cily of Saratoga B. Assisted Units "At -Risk" of Cofwsion Note to HCD: This entire section has been updated and replaced. The State HoustrQ Element Lc7w requires jurisdictions to analyze government- assisted housing that is eligible for conversion from lower income to market rate housing over the next 10 years. State Law identifies housing assistance as a rental subsidy, mortgage subsidy, or mortgage insurance to an assisted housing development. Government assisted housing converts to market rate housing for a number of reasons including expiring subsidies, mortgage repayments, or expiration of affordability restrictions. This section will address: • An inventory of assisted housing units that are "at- risk" of converting to market rate housing; • An analysis of the costs of preserving and /or replacing these units; • Resources that could be used to preserve "at- risk" units; Draft June 2014 CITY OF SARAT RESIDENTIAL LAND RESOURCES • Program efforts for preservation of at -risk housing units; and • Quantified objectives for the number of "at -risk" units to be preserved during the Housing Element Planning Period. 1. Inventory of At -Risk Units As presented in Table B -9 below, Saratoga has two rent - restricted affordable housing projects within its jurisdiction. Fellowship Plaza, owned by the not - for - profit California Odd Fellows Foundation, provides 150 apartments for very low income seniors. Saratoga Court Senior Apartments was acquired in 1982 by the non- profit Mid - Peninsula Housing Coalition (Mid -Pen) and provides 20 very low income irk pendent living units for seniors; the City of Saratoga provided Mid -Pen with $27400 in CDBG funds to assist in the acquisition. Saratoga Court Complex conversion. Table B -9. Publiclv Assisted Rental Housina Both of these projects are considered potentially at -risk of conversion during the ensuing ten years due to expiring use restrictions and Section 8 contracts subject to periodic renewals. However, both projects are owned and managed by non - profit organizations that have a public purpose to develop and maintain affordable housing for kow income and special needs populations; and are thus considered at low risk of Table 9 -9B Publically Assisted Rental Housing Project/ Name/ Housing Deed Potential Address Type # Units Owner Name Restriction Conversion Source Date Fellowship Plaza Odd Fellows Sec 3/2020 14520 Fruitvale Senior 150 Foundation Sec 8 contract 3/29882014 Ave. (Non-profit) Saratoga Court Sec 8 NC, 18855 Cox Ave. Senior 20 Mid - Peninsula Housing CDBG 1/29-42019 (Non - profit) Sec 8 contract 2/2018 ) source: U.S. California Housing Partnership, March 2998 -2014 2. Preservation and Replacement Costs As both at -risk projects in Saratoga are already owned by non - profit entities, their Draft June 2014 conversion to market rate rentals is highly unlikely. Nonetheless, as the HUD Section 8 contracts and /or capital subsidies have the potential to expire within the next ten years, for purposes of the Housing Element, these projects are technically considered at potential risk of conversion. Preservation or replacement of Saratoga's at -risk projects can be achieved in two primary ways: 1) provision of rental assistance using other sources of funds; or 2) replacement or development of new affordable rental units. These options are discussed below, along with a general cost estimate for each. a. Rental Assistance The long -term availability of funding at the federal level for Section 8 contract renewal is uncertain. If terminated, rent subsidies using alternative State or local funding sources could be used to maintain affordability. Subsides could be structured similar to the Section 8 program, whereby HUD pays the owners the difference between what tenants can afford to pay (3017o household income) and what HUD establishes as the Fair Market Rent (FMR). The feasibility of this alternative, in the case of the property owners, depends on their Willingness to continue to accept rental vouchers and limit rents to fair market levels. Non - profit owners are more likely to be willing to accept other rent subsidies, while for - profit owners will compare the negotiated rents to market rents. As depicted in Table B -104, the cost of providing rent subsidies to all 170 at -risk units in Saratoga (the difference between HUD Fair market Rents and maximum affordable rents for very low income households) is generally estimated at $516,000 per year, translating to roughly $10 million in subsidies over a 20 -year period. Table B -10. Annual Rent Subsidies Required to Preserve At -risk units Table B -10 Annual rent Subsidies Required to Preserve At Risk Units Number of Number 2013 Voucher Household Household Maximum. Per Unit Total Total Bedrooms of Units Payment Size Income Affordable Subsidy Monthly Annual Standard (50 %AMI) Rent Subsidy Subsidy 1 bdrm 170 $1,315 2 person $42,450 $1,061 $253 1 $43,000 $516,000 Source: Santa Clara Housing Authority 2013 Voucher Payment Standards; State HCD 2013 Income limits. Table calculated by Karen Warner Associates, Inc. b. Replacement Cost Saratoga may consider the cost of unit replacement with new construction. Construction cost estimates include per unit land costs and all hard and soft costs associated with construction. The analysis assumes the replacement units are garden - style apartments with parking provided on -site, with an average construction cost of Draft June 2014 CITY OF RESIDENTIAL LAND RESOURCES $150 per square foot; podium style development is typically twice the cost. Square footage estimates are based on the average unit size per the prevailing sales in the region. Land costs have been estimated based on a handful of multi - family property sales in Saratoga over the past several years, which average $100 per square foot. Draft June 2014 CITY Of SARAT Table B -11. Re lacement Costs of At -Risk Units Table d -1 Replacement Costs of At -Risk t Units Unit Size Costs per Square Average Square Replacement Cost Replacement Cost Foot Foot /Unit per Unit for 170 At -Risk Units 1 bedroom $250 775 $194,000 $33 million Notes: Based on the prevailing market conditions. Units assumed as garden -style apartments with on -site parking. 2Based on average square footage reported by Real Facts. 3 Assumes $150 per square foot construction costs and $100 per square foot multi- family land costs. C. Cost Comparison Given their non - profit ownership, it is highly unlikely that either of the two "at risk" projects will convert to market -uses. Nevertheless, the above analysis attempts to estimate the cost of preserving the at -risk units under various options. The annual cost of providing rental subsidies required to preserve the 170 assisted units is relatively low at $516,000. However, long -term affordability of the units cannot be ensured in this manner, unless it was structured as a one -time rent buy -down. The option of acquiring or developing 170 replacement units is very costly at an estimated $33 million and constrained by a variety of factors, including limited purchase opportunities of large multi - family properties and the scarcity of land for new development. The best option to preserve the at -risk units thus appears to be the purchase of affordability covenants through a one -time rent buy - down. 3. Resources for Preservation A variety of programs exist to assist cities acquire, replace, or subsidize at -risk affordable housing units. The following summarizes financial resources available to the City of Saratoga. i. Federal Programs • HOME Investment Partnership -HOME funds are granted by formula basis from HUD to increase the supply of decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing to lower income households. Eligible activities include new construction, acquisition, rental assistance and rehabilitation. • Section 8 Rental Assistance Program - The Section 8 Rental Assistance program provides rental assistance payments to owners of private, market rate units on behalf of very low- income tenants. • Section 811/202 Program (Supportive Housing for Person with Draft June 2014 SARAT A RESIDENTIAL LAND RESOURCES Disabilities /Elderly) - Non - profit and consumer cooperatives can receive no interest capital advances from HUD under the Section 202 program for the construction of very low- income rental housing for seniors and persons with disabilities. These funds can be used in conjunction with Section 811, which can be used to develop group homes, independent living facilities and immediate care facilities. Eligible activities include acquisition, rehabilitation, new construction and rental assistance. State Programs California Housing Finance Agency (CaHFA) Multifamily Programs - CaIFHA's Multifamily Programs provide permanent financing for the acquisition, rehabilitation, and preservation or new construction of rental housing that includes affordable rents for km, and moderate- income families and individuals. One of the programs is the Acquisition Finance Program, which is designed to tacState the acquiffm of at -risk affordable housing developments and provide low cost funding to preserve affordability. • Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) -This program provides tax credits to individuals and corporciVo rs that invest in low- income rental housing. Tax credits are sold to those with high liability and proceeds are used to create housing. Eligible activities include new construction, rehabilitation and acquisition of properties. California Community Reinvestment Corporation (CCRC) - The California Community Reinvestment Corporation is a multi - family affordable housing ler►der whose mission is to increase the availability of affordable housing for kwA*x ome fames, seniors, and resrcients with special needs by facilitating private capftal flow from its investors for debt and equity to developers of affordable hawing. Elligil a activities include new construction, rehabilitation and acquisition of properties. iii. Locat Programs • Monitoring At-Risk Units - Through the Community Development Department, the City continually monitors the eligibility of affordable housing to convert to market -rate housing. Constant monitoring allows the City to anticipate the timefrome by which affordability covenants would expire, allowing the City to implement various resources to ensure the continued affordability of the housing units. iv. Qualified Entities The following lists qualified entities who are interested in purchasing government - subsidized multi - family projects within Santa Clara County. Draft June 2014 SARA ~A RESIDENTIAL LAND RESOURCES • Affordable Housing Foundation • BRIDGE Housing Corporation • Cambrian Center, Inc. • Charities Housing Development Corporation • Christian Church Homes of Northern California, Inc. • Community Home Builders and Associates Community Housing Developers, Inc. • Matinah Salaam • Mid - Peninsula Housing Coalition Palo Alto Housing Corporation • Palo Alto Senior Housing Project, Inc. • Satellite Housing, Inc. • South County Housing, Inc. a. Quantified Objectives Housing Element law requires that cities establish the maximum number of units that can be preserved over the planning period. Two assisted projects wish a total of 170 units are at -risk of converting to market -rate housing within the planning period. Should either of these properties lose #v* current funding subsidies and be at real risk of conversion, the City of Saratoga YA expbre appropriate funding opportunities to assist in their preservation. Draft June 2014 S CITY A A This page intentionally left blank Draft June 2014 RESIDENTIAL LAND RESOURCES 8 -22