HomeMy WebLinkAbout09-08-2010 Planning Commission PacketTable of Contents
Agenda 2
August 11, 2010
Action Minutes 4
APPLICATION GPA10-0001 (City-Wide) City of Saratoga,
13777 Fruitvale Avenue
PC Staff Report - Circulation Element 6
Att. 1 - Reso to recommend adoption of IS/ND 9
Att. 2 - Reso for Circ. Element 49
Att. 3 - Trails Map - Circ. Element 110
Att. 4 - Trails Map - Open Space Element 111
Att. 5 - Matrix of Responses 114
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CITY OF SARATOGA PLANNING COMMISSION
AGENDA
DATE: Wednesday, September 08, 2010 - 7:00 p.m.
PLACE: Council Chambers/Civic Theater, 13777 Fruitvale Avenue, Saratoga, CA
TYPE: Regular Meeting
ROLL CALL
Commissioners - Chair Mary-Lynne Bernald, Vice-Chair- Douglas Robertson, Joyce Hlava, David Reis, Linda
Rodgers, Tina K. Walia and Yan Zhao
PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE
MINUTES
Action Minutes from the Regular Planning Commission Meeting of August 11, 2010
ORAL COMMUNICATION
Any member of the Public will be allowed to address the Planning Commission for up to three minutes on matters not
on this agenda. The law generally prohibits the Planning Commission from discussing or taking action on such items.
However, the Planning Commission may instruct staff accordingly regarding Oral Communications under Planning
Commission direction to Staff.
ORAL COMMUNICATIONS- PLANNING COMMISSION DIRECTION TO STAFF
REPORT OF POSTING AGENDA
Pursuant to Government Code 54954.2, the agenda for this meeting was properly posted on September 1, 2010
REPORT OF APPEAL RIGHTS
If you wish to appeal any decision on this Agenda, you may file an “Appeal Application” with the City Clerk
within fifteen (15) calendar days of the date of the decision, pursuant to Municipal Code 15-90.050 (b).
All interested persons may appear and be heard at the above time and place. Applicants/Appellants and
their representatives have a total of ten minutes maximum for opening statements. Members of the Public
may comment on any item for up to three minutes. Applicant/Appellants and their representatives have a
total of five minutes maximum for closing statements.
PUBLIC HEARING
1. APPLICATION GPA10-0001 (City-Wide) City of Saratoga, 13777 Fruitvale Avenue - The project
would update the Circulation and Scenic Highway Element of the City of Saratoga General Plan. The
amendments include updates to descriptive information, clarification of existing policies, changes to the
bicycle facilities maps to reclassify or remove certain existing bike routes; identifying new bike routes, bike
lanes, and bike trails; identifying future bike routes and conceptual alignments of proposed future bike
trails, and identifying existing and proposed trails within maps. The project also includes conforming
amendments to the City’s Open Space and Conservation Element. The project would not result in physical
changes or construction. (Michael Fossati)
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DIRECTORS ITEM
COMMISSION ITEMS
COMMUNICATIONS
ADJOURNMENT TO NEXT MEETING
- Wednesday, September 22, 2010 at 7:00 p.m. in the Council Chambers/Civic Theater
13777 Fruitvale Avenue, Saratoga, CA
In compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), if you need special assistance to participate in this
meeting, please contact the City Clerk at (408) 868-1269 or ctclerk@saratoga.ca.us. Notification 48 hours prior to
the meeting will enable the City to make reasonable arrangements to ensure accessibility to this meeting (28 CFR
35.102-35.104 ADA Title II).
POSTING
Certificate of Posting of Agenda: I, Abby Ayende, Office Specialist for the City of Saratoga, declare that the
foregoing agenda for the meeting of the Planning Commission of the City of Saratoga was posted on September 1,
2010, at the office of the City of Saratoga, 13777 Fruitvale Avenue, Saratoga, CA 95070 and was available for
public review at that location. The agenda is also available on the City’s website at www.saratoga.ca.us
If you would like to receive the Agenda’s via e-mail, please send your e-mail address to planning@saratoga.ca.us
NOTE: To view previous Planning Commission meetings anytime, go the City Video Archives at
www.saratoga.ca.us
3
CITY OF SARATOGA PLANNING COMMISSION
ACTION MINUTES
DATE: Wednesday, August 11, 2010 - 7:00 p.m.
PLACE: Council Chambers/Civic Theater, 13777 Fruitvale Avenue, Saratoga, CA
TYPE: Regular Meeting
ROLL CALL
Commissioners - Chair Mary-Lynne Bernald, Vice-Chair- Douglas Robertson, David Reis, Linda Rodgers, Tina K.
Walia and Yan Zhao
ABSENT
Commissioner Hlava
PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE
MINUTES
Action Minutes from the Regular Planning Commission Meeting of July 14, 2010 (Approved, 6:0)
ORAL COMMUNICATION
Any member of the Public will be allowed to address the Planning Commission for up to three minutes on matters not
on this agenda. The law generally prohibits the Planning Commission from discussing or taking action on such items.
However, the Planning Commission may instruct staff accordingly regarding Oral Communications under Planning
Commission direction to Staff.
ORAL COMMUNICATIONS- PLANNING COMMISSION DIRECTION TO STAFF
REPORT OF POSTING AGENDA
Pursuant to Government Code 54954.2, the agenda for this meeting was properly posted on August 5, 2010
REPORT OF APPEAL RIGHTS
If you wish to appeal any decision on this Agenda, you may file an “Appeal Application” with the City Clerk
within fifteen (15) calendar days of the date of the decision, pursuant to Municipal Code 15-90.050 (b).
All interested persons may appear and be heard at the above time and place. Applicants/Appellants and
their representatives have a total of ten minutes maximum for opening statements. Members of the Public
may comment on any item for up to three minutes. Applicant/Appellants and their representatives have a
total of five minutes maximum for closing statements.
PUBLIC HEARING
1. APPLICATION PDR10-0007 (386-53-019) T-Mobile (Sutro Consulting) 12383 Saratoga-Sunnyvale
Road - The applicant is requesting Design Review approval to install seven panel antennas and one GPS
antenna to an existing PG&E tower. Supporting equipment will be placed inside an existing cabinet. The
proposal will not increase the height of the existing utility structure and the antennas will be painted to
match the existing tower. (Cynthia McCormick) (Approved, 6:0)
2. APPLICATION MOD10-0002 (397-27-030) (Summer Hill Homes) 14234 Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road -
The applicant is requesting modifications to an approved plan to construct twenty townhome units. The
townhomes were never built and the property has changed ownership. The proposed changes include
eliminating the approved basements, modifying the interior layout, and modifying the exterior façade. The
maximum height of the proposed buildings is 30 feet, as previously approved. The lot size is approximately
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2.08 net acres and the site is zoned RM-3000. (Cynthia McCormick) (Approved with changes to the
conditions, 6:0)
DIRECTORS ITEM
COMMISSION ITEMS
COMMUNICATIONS
ADJOURNMENT TO NEXT MEETING – ADJOURNED 9:00 PM
- Wednesday, September 8, 2010 at 7:00 p.m. in the Council Chambers/Civic Theater
13777 Fruitvale Avenue, Saratoga, CA
In compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), if you need special assistance to participate in this
meeting, please contact the City Clerk at (408) 868-1269 or ctclerk@saratoga.ca.us. Notification 48 hours prior to
the meeting will enable the City to make reasonable arrangements to ensure accessibility to this meeting (28 CFR
35.102-35.104 ADA Title II).
POSTING
Certificate of Posting of Agenda: I, Abby Ayende, Office Specialist for the City of Saratoga, declare that the
foregoing agenda for the meeting of the Planning Commission of the City of Saratoga was posted on August 5,
2010, at the office of the City of Saratoga, 13777 Fruitvale Avenue, Saratoga, CA 95070 and was available for
public review at that location. The agenda is also available on the City’s website at www.saratoga.ca.us
If you would like to receive the Agenda’s via e-mail, please send your e-mail address to planning@saratoga.ca.us
NOTE: To view previous Planning Commission meetings anytime, go the City Video Archives at
www.saratoga.ca.us
5
REPORT TO THE PLANNING COMMISSION
Application No.: GPA10-0001 – Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update &
Negative Declaration
Subject: Update to the General Plan Circulation and Scenic Highway
Element and the Open Space and Conservation Element trails map
Location: Citywide
Applicant: City of Saratoga
Staff Planner: Michael Fossati, Assistant Planner
Meeting Date: September 8, 2010
Department Head: John F. Livingstone, AICP, Community Development Director
RECOMMENDED ACTION:
Recommend approval to the City Council of a Negative Declaration and a General Plan Circulation
and Scenic Highway Element (Circulation Element), including a conforming amendment to the Open
Space and Conservation Element trails map.
REPORT SUMMARY:
City staff has prepared a draft update of the Circulation Element of the City’s General Plan. This is
a policy document that acts as a long-range traffic management plan. It was previously updated in
2000. The update is intended to assess existing traffic conditions and develop goals and policies to
address any changed conditions. The update also allows the City to address any new California legal
requirements pertaining to circulation elements. An Initial Study and subsequent Negative
Declaration have been prepared for this project pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act
(CEQA) guidelines. The initial study concluded that the Circulation Element update will not result
in significant adverse impacts on the environment.
The update to the Circulation Element includes the following:
• Updates to descriptive information regarding transportation policy.
• Clarification of existing policies.
• Changes to the bicycle facilities maps to reclassify or remove certain existing bike routes.
• Identify new bike routes, bike lanes, and bike trails.
• Demonstrate future bike routes and conceptual alignments of proposed future bike trails.
The update also includes a conforming map amendment to the City’s Open Space and Conservation
Element (Open Space Element). This amendment will create consistent trail maps between the
Circulation Element and Open Space Element. The update will not result in physical changes or
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Sept. 8, 2010 Planning Commission Meeting – Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
new construction of roadways, routes, lanes, or trails within the City.
BACKGROUND:
On October 15, 2008, the City Council considered amendments to the Circulation Element of the
City of Saratoga’s General Plan. The amendments addressed bicycle safety concerns within the
City. The Council accepted public testimony and directed staff to consult further with the Pedestrian,
Equestrian, and Bicycle Trails Advisory Committee (PEBTAC) to explore alternatives to address
those concerns. PEBTAC held several meetings to discuss the matter and recommended an updated
Bicycle Map Facilities for council to review.
At the April 15, 2009 City Council meeting, the council determined that an update to the Bicycle
Facilities Map within the Circulation Element necessary. The update includes the following
changes:
• Removing Class III facility designations on Big Basin Way, Mount Eden Road, and portions
of Pierce Road.
• Adding Class III bicycle facilities onto Miller Avenue, 4th Street, Elva Avenue, Saraview
Drive, Surrey Lane, Arroyo DeArguello, and Wardell Road.
• Adding proposed Class I bicycle facilities along portions of Congress Springs Road (SR 9)
and Pierce Road.
• Adding proposed Class III bicycle facilities along portions of Big Basin Way (SR 9 ) and
Pierce Road.
The Bicycle Facilities Map is located in the Circulation Element as Figure C-5. Since the Bicycle
Facilities Map within the Circulation Element needed to be updated, and the existing Circulation
Element is 10 years old, the council directed staff to update the Circulation Element.
OPEN SPACE/CONSERVATION ELEMENT UPDATE:
A major component of a General Plan Element update is to ensure that other elements within the
General Plan are in conformance. Staff determined that the trails map located in the Open Space
Element were different than the trails map within the Circulation Element. It was demonstrated that
trail facilities in the Open Space trails map were either misrepresented or in different locations than
the trail facilities in the Circulation Element trails map.
Staff brought both trails maps to the PEBTAC to verify that the location of trail facilities on the
maps were consistent with actual trail facilities. Once the trail locations were confirmed, Staff
worked with PEBTAC to verify that both the Circulation Element trails map and the Open Space
trails map were identical with one another. The updated trails maps for the Circulation and Open
Space Elements are included as Attachment 3 and 4.
ENVIRONMETAL REVIEW:
Environmental review was completed in the form of an Initial Study and it was determined that the
proposed adoption of the Circulation Element would not result in potential significant impacts on the
environment and a Negative Declaration was prepared. A notice of intent to adopt a negative
declaration and Circulation Element was published in the Saratoga News and the 30 day comment
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Sept. 8, 2010 Planning Commission Meeting – Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
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period took place between July 26, 2010 and August 26, 2010. Staff has not received any
comments directly relating to the environmental review.
ADVERTISING, NOTICING AND PUBLIC COMMENT:
The public participation component of the Circulation Element is described on page 2-3 of the
Circulation Element. A notice of the Circulation Element update and the Negative Declaration was
sent to all adjoining jurisdictions, all regional traffic management agencies, all tribal agencies and
school districts within the City’s jurisdiction, the Santa Clara County Recorder’s office and the State
Clearinghouse. Staff received comments from outside agencies (City of Campbell, Santa Clara
Valley Transportation Agency, and Caltrans) and one comment from PEBTAC. Those comments
and responses have been included as Attachment 5.
ATTACHMENTS:
1. Resolution to adopt an Initial Study/Negative Declaration with the following attachment:
a. Initial Study/Negative Declaration (without Attachment A, included below as
Attachment 2a)
2. Resolution to adopt the Circulation and Scenic Highway Element with the following
attachment:
a. Draft Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
3. Trails Map – Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
4. Trails Map – Open Space and Conservation Element
5. Matrix of Summary Responses from Public Comments
a. E-mail from City of Campbell
b. E-mail from PEBTAC
c. Letter from VTA
d. Letter from Caltrans
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CITY OF SARATOGA PLANNING COMMISSION
RESOLUTION NO: 10-024
APPLICATION NUMBERS: GPA10-0001
RECOMMENDING APPROVAL OF THE NEGATIVE DECLARATION FOR THE
CIRCULATION AND SCENIC HIGHWAY ELEMENT
The City of Saratoga Planning Commission finds and determines as follows with respect to the
proposed Negative Declaration regarding the above-described application for approval of the
Project identified below:
I. Project Summary
The City of Saratoga Planning Commission has considered a proposed Negative Declaration for
adoption of the Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update. The foregoing work is
described as the “Project” in this Resolution.
II. Environmental Review
1. An Initial Study (IS) and Negative Declaration (ND) were prepared for the Project by the
City of Saratoga, pursuant to the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act
(CEQA, Public Resources Code sections 21000-21177), CEQA Guidelines (14 California
Code of Regulations sections 15000-15387), and any other applicable requirements.
2. The IS and a notice of intent to adopt a ND were duly noticed and circulated for a 30-day
public review period from July 26, 2010 through August 26, 2010.
3. All Interested Parties desiring to comment on the ND were given the opportunity to submit
written and oral comments on the adequacy of the ND up to and including the close of the
Public Hearing on the Project before the Planning Commission on September 8, 2010.
4. The IS and ND represents the City’s independent judgment and analysis.
5. On September 8, 2010 the Planning Commission conducted a Public Hearing on the
Project, during which opportunity was given to address the adequacy of the ND. All
comments on the IS and ND raised during the public and agency comment period and at
the Public Hearing(s) on the Project were considered by the Planning Commission.
6. The Planning Commission was presented with and/or had the opportunity to review all of
the information in the administrative record; and
7. After the conclusion of such Public Hearing, the Planning Commission considered all oral
and written comments and a staff recommendation for approval of the ND and reviewed
and considered the information in the IS and ND, public and agency comments on the IS
and ND, the administrative record, and the staff report for completeness and compliance
with CEQA, the CEQA Guidelines, and any and all other applicable requirements.
8. The Project has been the subject of a Negative Declaration under the California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant Section 15070 and following of Title 14,
Division 6, Chapter 3 (CEQA Guidelines). The ND has been completed in compliance
with the intent and requirements of CEQA, CEQA Guidelines and any and all other
9
2
applicable requirements. The Planning Commission has considered the information
contained in the ND and the record in considering the Project and related actions.
9. The documents constituting the record of proceedings upon which this decision is based
are located in the City of Saratoga Community Development Department and are
maintained by the Community Development Director.
10. Pursuant to CEQA and CEQA Guidelines, the Planning Commission finds on the basis of,
and after review of, the whole record before it (including the Initial Study, the Negative
Declaration, any and all comments received, and in light of expert and other evidence
submitted), that there is no credible, substantial evidence that the Project may have a
significant effect on the environment as to any issue raised.
III. Recommended Adoption of Negative Declaration
After careful consideration of the matter, the Planning Commission hereby recommends that the
City Council of the City of Saratoga adopt the Negative Declaration for the Project, which was
presented to the Planning Commission on September 8, 2010 and circulated for a 30-day public
review period from July 26, 2010 through August 26, 2010 and is on file with the Community
Development Department.
PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Planning Commission of the City of Saratoga, this 8th
of September, 2010 by the following vote:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSENT:
ABSTAIN:
______________________________
Mary-Lynne Bernald
Chair, Planning Commission
ATTEST:
___________________________________
John F. Livingstone, AICP
Secretary to the Planning Commission
10
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Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
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A. SUMMARY INFORMATION
1. Project Title:
City of Saratoga General Plan Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
2. Lead Agency Name and Address:
John Cherbone, Public Works Director
City of Saratoga
13777 Fruitvale Avenue
Saratoga, CA 95070
3. Contact Person and Phone Number:
John Cherbone, Public Works Director
(408) 868-1241
4. Project Location:
The proposed project would be located in the City of Saratoga, California.
Attachment A, Figure C-5 Existing/Planned Bicycle Facilities shows the proposed changes to the Circula-
tion Element Bike Map and the affected roadways.
5. Project Sponsor's Name and Address:
City of Saratoga
13777 Fruitvale Avenue
Saratoga, CA 95070
6. General Plan Designation:
Various.
7. Zoning:
Various.
8. Description of Project:
The project would update the Circulation and Scenic Highway Element of the City of Saratoga General
Plan, including updates of descriptive information, clarification of existing policies, updates of bicycle
facilities maps to reclassify or remove certain existing bike routes; identifying new bike routes, bike
lanes, and bike trails; and showing future bike routes and conceptual alignments of proposed future bike
trails. The project also includes conforming amendments to the City’s Open Space and Conservation
Element.
The project would not result in any physical changes or construction. The policy changes proposed would
have negligible impact on traffic and may reduce traffic impacts and levels in some cases. Specific
recommendations for updating the Circulation Element are shown in the proposed Circulation Element
included as Attachment A.
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Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
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9. Surrounding Land Uses and Setting:
The project applies to the entire City of Saratoga, a city with a population of approximately 30,000
located in Santa Clara County. Saratoga, which comprises approximately 12 square miles, is located at the
base of the Santa Cruz Mountains and is surrounded by Cupertino and San Jose on the north; Campbell,
Los Gatos, and Monte Sereno on the east; and unincorporated lands of Santa Clara County on the south
and west.
The affected bike routes and bike lanes are generally located on existing roadways. The Class I Off-road
Bike Trail designation paralleling Highway 9/Congress Springs Road and Pierce Road proposed for
designation as a proposed future trail would be located adjacent to existing roadways, and the Class I Off-
road Bike Trail designation on the PG&E right-of-way proposed for designation as a new and proposed
future trail would be located adjacent to a Union Pacific Railroad right-of-way. All the routes, lanes, and
trails would connect to bike facilities on roadways throughout the City. See Attachment A, Figure C-5.
Land uses surrounding the bike routes, lanes, and trails consist of low to medium density residential uses
and several commercial centers along the major arterial roadways.
10. Other agencies whose approval is required (e.g., permits, financing approval, or participation
agreement): None.
11. List of Attachments:
Attachment A City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
Attachment B City Council Packet dated April 15, 2009
Attachment C Open Space and Conservation Element Trails Map Update
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Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
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B. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The City of Saratoga General Plan Circulation Element (Circulation Element) identifies goals and policies
for travel and transportation and the location of existing and proposed transportation routes and other
local public facilities for transportation within the City. The proposed project updates the document. A
copy of the proposed Circulation Element is provided in Attachment A of this Initial Study. The follow-
ing discussion includes a description of the project site and surrounding land uses and a description of the
proposed project.
1. Overview and Background
In October 2008 the City Council considered proposed amendments to the City’s Circulation and Scenic
Highway Element of the City of Saratoga General Plan concerning Saratoga bikeways. The Council
accepted public testimony and directed staff to consult further with the Pedestrian, Equestrian, and
Bicycle Trails Advisory Committee (“PEBTAC” or “Committee”) to explore alternatives to the proposed
amendments.
The PEBTAC recommended amendments to the Circulation Element, Bicycle Facilities Map. The
Committee’s recommendation is included in Attachment B. The revised Bicycle Facilities Map was
prepared in consultation with the City’s Traffic Engineers, Fehr & Peers. Their assessment of the map is
also included in Attachment B.
In the course of analyzing the proposed amendments, staff determined that other updates to the Circula-
tion Element were appropriate, including updates to technical information, clarification of policies, and
updates to the Bicycle Facilities Map and Trails Map to ensure consistency between the Circulation
Element and the City’s Open Space and Conservation Element (Open Space Element).
This Initial Study/Negative Declaration (IS/ND) analyzes the potential impacts of updating the City’s
General Plan policies and amending the Bicycle Facilities Map to show changes in bicycle route classifi-
cation and implementing a no parking/no stopping zone on a portion of Saratoga Avenue. Implementa-
tion of bicycle facilities that require future design and construction (i.e., construction of bike trails) will
be subject to further environmental review of project-level impacts under CEQA when specific trail
alignments and designs are proposed.
2. Existing Conditions
The entirety of the Project would be located in Saratoga, a city with a population of approximately 30,000
located in Santa Clara County. Saratoga, which comprises approximately 12 square miles, is located at the
base of the Santa Cruz Mountains and is surrounded by Cupertino and San Jose on the north; Campbell,
Los Gatos, and Monte Sereno on the east; and unincorporated lands of Santa Clara County on the south
and west.
The Circulation Element Update primarily includes changes to the bicycle facilities maps to reclassify or
remove certain existing bike routes; identify bike lanes, and bike trails; and to show future bike routes.
The roadways affected by the proposed project include the following:
- Mount Eden Road (General Plan classification - collector road)
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Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
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- Highway 9/Big Basin Way (General Plan classification - minor arterial road)
- Pierce Road (General Plan classification - collector road)
- Highway 9/Saratoga-Los Gatos Road from Highway 9/Big Basin Way south to the City boundary
(General Plan classification – principal arterial road)
- Miller Avenue between Cox Avenue and Prospect Road (General Plan classification - collector road)
- Roadways along the “Postal Route” including 4th Street, Elva Avenue, Reid Lane, Verde Vista Lane,
Saraview Drive, Surrey Lane, Comer Drive, Arroyo De Arguello, Via Roncole (General Plan classifi-
cation - collector road) Saratoga Hills Road, Pontiac Avenue, Trinity Avenue, Malcolm Avenue, Sea-
ton Avenue, Tamworth Avenue, Sarahills Drive and Wardell Road (all General Plan classifications –
local streets).
The Project includes designation of a conceptual alignment for a proposed Class I bike trail along High-
way 9/Congress Springs Road and Pierce Road. No specific trail alignment has been determined. The
conceptual alignment along Highway 9/Congress Springs Road would be immediately to the south of
Highway 9 and to the west of Pierce Road. See Attachment A, Figure C-5. The conceptual trail align-
ment area consists of disturbed areas and vegetated areas, including both non-native plant species and
native species. The conceptual trail alignment traverses areas of steep slopes immediately south of
Highway 9 and west of Pierce Road.
Saratoga Creek and tributaries to it cross the conceptual alignment several times. On portions of the
conceptual alignment, the creek channel is surrounded by riparian vegetation. Saratoga Creek supports a
dense, multi-layered woodland typical of riparian habitat. The conceptual trail alignment would cross
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers jurisdictional waters. The creek is also under the jurisdiction of the
California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) and Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB).
The Project includes designation of a conceptual alignment for a proposed Class I bike trail on either side
of Joes’ Trail to extend the trail to the City boundaries. The conceptual trail alignment is situated in urban
land adjacent to the Union Pacific Railroad. No specific trail alignment has been determined. The
conceptual alignment would cross the utility corridor along the Union Pacific Railroad right-of-way from
Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road to Prospect Road and from Saratoga Avenue to the City boundary. See At-
tachment A, Figure C-5. The conceptual trail alignment is located in a valley and is not immediately
adjacent to steep hillside slopes. The conceptual trail alignment consists of disturbed areas and vegetated
areas, including both non-native plant species and native species. Calabazas Creek and San Tomas
Aquino Creek cross the conceptual trail alignment. On portions of the conceptual trail alignment, the
creek channel is surrounded by riparian vegetation. The conceptual trail alignment may cross U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers jurisdictional waters. The creeks are also under the jurisdiction of the California
Department of Fish and Game (CDFG), Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), and the Santa
Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD).
Portions of the trail alignment are currently informally used by hikers, runners, and bicyclists.
The conceptual trail alignment requires road crossings at Arroyo de Arguello and Quito Road.
In the course of preparing this update, staff determined that certain roadway segments currently have
traffic volumes that exceed the capacity for those segments. Specifically, two roadway segments,
Saratoga Avenue between Cox Avenue and SR 85 and Quito Road between Allendale Avenue and
Saratoga Avenue currently operate at level of service (LOS) E and F respectively. As such, the Circula-
tion Element Update revises policies to reflect these existing conditions.
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Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
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Surrounding Land Uses. Land uses surrounding the affected roadways consist of low to medium density
residential uses and several commercial centers along the major arterial roadways.
The proposed bike routes would be located along existing roadways.
3. Project Goals and Objectives
The key goal of the project is to update policies and procedures to reflect conditions that have evolved
since preparation of the 2000 Circulation element and to enhance bicycle safety to benefit residents in
Saratoga. Specific objectives of the project include the following:
• Improve the City’s transportation system by promoting ‘complete streets’ that balance the needs of
bicyclists, pedestrians, and transit users with consideration for safe automobile travel.
• Improve bicycle safety and routing within the City.
• Reduce automobile use to benefit regional air quality and reduce traffic congestion.
• Improve public health.
• Enhance bicycle connectivity within the City and to neighboring communities.
4. Proposed Project
The project would update the Circulation and Scenic Highway Element of the City of Saratoga General
Plan, including updates of descriptive information, clarification of existing policies, updates of bicycle
facilities maps, redesignation of certain existing bike routes, designation of roadways as new bike routes
and bike trails, and establishment of proposed bike route and bike trail designations. The project would
also amend the trails map in the City’s Open Space/Conservation Element to correct inaccuracies and
ensure consistency with the trails map in the Circulation Element. The project would not include physical
changes or construction.
Implementation of the proposed project would update the Bicycle Facilities Map in the City’s Circulation
and Scenic Highway Element to include the following changes:
• Add a new Class III bike route following the “Postal Route” by adding bicycle facilities onto 4th
Street, Elva Avenue, Reid Lane, Saratoga Hills Road, Pontiac Avenue, Trinity Avenue, Malcolm
Avenue, Seaton Avenue, Tamworth Avenue, Verde Vista Lane, Sarahills Drive, Saraview Drive, Sur-
rey Lane, Comer Drive, Arroyo De Arguello, Via Roncole, and Wardell Road;
• Add a new Class III bicycle route along the sections of Miller Avenue between Cox Avenue and
Prospect Road that do not already include a bike lane;
• Add a proposed future Class III bicycle route along:
- Highway 9/Big Basin Way between 4th Street and Springer Avenue, and
- Pierce Road between Surrey Lane and Mt. Eden Road;
• Add a proposed future Class I off-road bike trail conceptual alignment along:
- Highway 9/Congress Springs Road east of Springer Avenue, and
- Pierce Road south of Mt. Eden Road
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Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
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- adjacent to the Union Pacific Railroad near Highway 85 west of Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road
and east of Saratoga Avenue to the City boundaries
• Reclassify roadway segments from a Class III bike route to a combination of Class II and Class III
bike routes and lanes on Highway 9/Saratoga-Los Gatos Road from Highway 9/Big Basin Way south
to the City boundary. (These roadway segments are already striped with bike lanes.)
• Remove Class III bike route facility designations on:
- Highway 9/Big Basin Way west of 4th Street,
- Mount Eden Road, and
- Pierce Road west of Surrey Lane;
Bike Routes.
Proposed removal of existing bike route designations would extend along portions of Highway 9 (a.k.a.
Big Basin Way and Congress Springs Road), Pierce Road and Mt. Eden Road. The proposed project
would designate new bike routes along portions of Miller Avenue and along the old “Postal Route”.
Proposed future bike routes would be designated on Pierce Road between Surrey Lane and Mt. Eden
Road and Highway 9/Big Basin Way between 4th Street and Springer Avenue. Class III bike routes are
not striped. The new and proposed future bike routes are shown in Attachment A at Figure C-5.
Bike Lanes.
A change in designation of Saratoga Los-Gatos Road from bike routes to bike lanes is proposed to reflect
the current bicycle facilities on these roadways. Class II Bike lanes consist of striped bike lanes on the
roadway. The new bike lanes are shown in Attachment A, Figure C-5.
Bike Trails.
Depending on the specific location of the trail alignment, implementation of the proposed Class I bike
trails would require the City to acquire easements or other means of access to Santa Clara County Parks
land, San Jose Water Company land, and other private property. Specific trail alignments are not known
or proposed at this time. Therefore, the project proposes only designations of conceptual trail alignments.
Other Trails.
The project would also amend the Trails Map in the City’s Open Space and Conservation Element to
correct inaccuracies and ensure consistency with the Existing and Proposed Trails Map in the Circulation
Element. In several cases, the trails map depicts ‘Existing City Trails’ that do not yet exist. The revised
map would depict these trails as ‘Proposed City Trails’. In some cases, trails previously depicted as
‘Proposed City Trails’ have either been constructed or the City has since acquired use agreements to
facilitate construction. The revised map would depict these trails as ‘Existing City Trails’. In other cases,
the revised map would: show existing and newly relocated trails that were omitted from the previous map
and remove depicted private trails that are not City trails.
Project Approvals/Entitlements
The City does not require permits and/or approval from other agencies to implement the proposed project.
17
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
8
C. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
Environmental Factors Potentially Affected:
The environmental factors checked below would be potentially affected by this project.
Aesthetics
Biological Resources
Hazards & Hazardous Materials
Mineral Resources
Public Services
Utilities/Service Systems
Agricultural Resources
Cultural Resources
Hydrology/Water Quality
Noise
Recreation
Mandatory Findings of
Significance
Air Quality
Geology/Soils
Land Use/Planning
Population/Housing
Transportation/Traffic
Determination. (To be completed by the Lead Agency.)
On the basis of this initial evaluation:
X I find that the proposed project COULD NOT have a significant effect on the environment, and a
NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared.
_ I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, there
will not be a significant effect in this case because revisions in the project have been made by or
agreed to by the project proponent. A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be pre-
pared.
I find that the proposed project MAY have a significant effect on the environment, and an
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required.
I find that the proposed project MAY have a “potentially significant impact” or “potentially signifi-
cant unless mitigated” impact on the environment, but at least one effect 1) has been adequately ana-
lyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and 2) has been addressed by
mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis as described on attached sheets. An
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required, but it must analyze only the effects that re-
main to be addressed.
I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, because
all potentially significant effects (a) have been analyzed adequately in an earlier EIR or NEGATIVE
DECLARATION pursuant to applicable standards, and (b) have been avoided or mitigated pursuant
to that earlier EIR or NEGATIVE DECLARATION, including revisions or mitigation measures that
are imposed upon the proposed project, nothing further is required.
__________________________________________ ______________________
Signature Date
John Cherbone, Public Works Director
City of Saratoga
18
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
9
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less Than
Significant
Impact
No
Impact
I. AESTHETICS. Would the project:
a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista?
b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but
not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic
buildings within a State scenic highway?
c) Substantially degrade the existing visual character or
quality of the site and its surroundings?
d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which
would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the
area?
Discussion:
Scenic vistas of the Monte Bello Ridge to the northwest and the forested slopes of taller mountains in the
Santa Cruz Mountain range to the south can be seen from many roadways throughout the City. The
proposed project would update the Circulation and Scenic Highway Element of the City of Saratoga
General Plan, including an amendment to the Bicycle Facilities map, and would not result in physical
changes or construction. Thus, the project would not result in adverse impacts to scenic resources or
visual character of the area. The visual character or quality of the bicycle facilities and roadways and their
surroundings are not affected by the proposed updates. Therefore the project would not have a significant
impact related to scenic vistas.
Highway 9 is officially designated as a State Scenic Highway Corridor from the Los Gatos city limit (east
of Saratoga) to Highway 35/Skyline Boulevard1. The proposed update of the Bicycle Facilities map does
not include any portions of a County scenic roadway. No other proposed policy updates would result in
physical changes that would lead to adverse impacts to scenic resources or visual character. Implementa-
tion of the proposed project would not result in the removal of trees, rock outcroppings or historic
buildings, therefore the project would not have a significant impact related to damage of scenic resources.
The proposed project does not include the installation or use of lights, or large areas of reflective material.
Therefore, the proposed project would not adversely affect day or nighttime views in the surrounding,
predominantly residential neighborhoods.
1 http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/LandArch/scenic_highways/route9.htm
19
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
10
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
II. AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES. In determining
whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant
environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the Cali-
fornia Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment
Model (1997) prepared by the California Dept. of Conserva-
tion as an optional model to use in assessing impacts on
agriculture and farmland. In determining whether impacts to
forest resources, including timberland, are significant envi-
ronmental effects, lead agencies may refer to information
compiled by the California Department of Forestry and Fire
Protection regarding the states’ inventory of forest land,
including the Forest and Range Assessment Project and the
Forest Legacy Assessment Project; and forest carbon mea-
surement methodology provided in Forest Protocols
adopted by the California Air Resources Board. Would the
project:
a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farm-
land of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on
the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping
and Monitoring Program of the California Resources
Agency, to a non-agricultural use?
b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a
Williamson Act contract?
c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of,
forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code sec-
tion 12220(g), timberland (as defined by Public Re-
sources Code section 4526), or timberland zoned Tim-
berland Production (as defined by Government Code
section 51104(g))?
d) Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest
land to non-forest use?
e) Involve other changes in the existing environment
which, due to their location or nature, could result in
conversion of Farmland to non-agricultural use or con-
version of forest land to non-forest?
20
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
11
Discussion:
The proposed project would update the Circulation and Scenic Highway Element of the City of Saratoga
General Plan, including an amendment to the Bicycle Facilities map in the City’s Circulation and Scenic
Highway Element to facilitate bicycle travel. As such, implementation of the proposed project would not
result in physical changes or construction. Implementation of the proposed project would not convert
agricultural land to non-agricultural uses and would not conflict with existing agricultural uses or Wil-
liamson Act contracts. Updating the Circulation Element would not result in the extension of infrastruc-
ture into an undeveloped area, the development of urban uses on a greenfield site, or other physical
changes that would result in the conversion of farmland to non-agricultural uses.
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incorpo-
rated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No Impact
III. AIR QUALITY. Where available, the significance criteria
established by the applicable air quality management or air
pollution control district may be relied upon to make the
following determinations. Would the project:
a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the appli-
cable air quality plan?
b) Violate any air quality standard or contribute substan-
tially to an existing or projected air quality violation?
c) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of
any criteria pollutant for which the project region is
non-attainment under an applicable federal or State
ambient air quality standard (including releasing emis-
sions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone
precursors)?
d) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant con-
centrations?
e) Create objectionable odors affecting a substantial num-
ber of people?
Discussion:
The proposed project would update the Circulation and Scenic Highway Element of the City of Saratoga
General Plan, including an amendment to the Bicycle Facilities map in the City’s Circulation and Scenic
Highway Element. Implementation of the proposed project would not result in physical changes or
construction and would not result in changes in land use or policies that would result in growth and
associated increases in emissions from motor vehicles. Additionally, implementation of the project would
result in safer bicycle routes within the City limits and is expected to encourage more bicycle use. This
would in turn, reduce automobile use to benefit regional air quality. As discussed below, the project
would not result in a significant adverse effect to air quality or conflict with the latest Clean Air Plan.
21
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
12
This introduction provides background air quality information that is referenced in the responses to the
Initial Study checklist questions below.
Existing Air Quality.
The City of Saratoga is within the jurisdiction of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District
(BAAQMD), which regulates air quality in the San Francisco Bay Area. Air quality conditions in the San
Francisco Bay Area have improved significantly since the BAAQMD was created in 1955. Ambient
concentrations of air pollutants and the number of days during which the region exceeds air quality
standards have fallen substantially. In Saratoga and the rest of the air basin, exceedances of air quality
standards occur primarily during meteorological conditions conducive to high pollution levels, such as
cold, windless winter nights or hot, sunny summer afternoons.
Ozone levels, as measured by peak concentrations and the number of days over the State one-hour
standard, have declined substantially as a result of aggressive programs by the BAAQMD and other
regional, State and federal agencies. The reduction of peak concentrations represents progress in improv-
ing public health; however the Bay Area still exceeds the State standard for 1-hour ozone levels. Twenty-
four hour levels of particulate matter (PM10) in the Bay Area have exceeded State standards at least
several times per year from 2004 to 2006 (the latest year for which data is available). The area is consi-
dered a nonattainment area for this pollutant relative to the State standards. The Bay Area is an unclassi-
fied area for the federal PM10 standard. An “unclassified” designation signifies that data does not support
either an attainment or nonattainment status. No exceedances of the State or federal carbon monoxide
(CO) standards have been recorded at any of the region’s monitoring stations since 1991. The Bay Area is
currently considered a maintenance area for State and Federal CO standards.
New national and State standards for fine particulate matter (diameter 2.5 microns or less, PM2.5) have
been adopted for 24-hour and annual averaging periods. Fine particulate matter, because of the small size
of individual particles, can be especially harmful to human health. Fine particulate matter is emitted by
common combustion sources such as cars, trucks, buses and power plants, in addition to ground disturb-
ing activities. The Bay Area is considered an attainment area for PM2.5 at the national level and a nonat-
tainment area for PM2.5 at the State level.
Clean Air Plan.
The most recent BAAQMD plan for attaining California Ambient Air Quality Standards, the Bay Area
2005 Ozone Strategy, was adopted by BAAQMD on January 4, 2006. The 2005 Ozone Strategy is the
fourth triennial update of the BAAQMD’s original 1991 Clean Air Plan (CAP). The 2005 Ozone Strategy
demonstrates how the San Francisco Bay Area will achieve compliance with the State 1-hour air quality
standard for ozone and how the region will reduce transport of ozone and ozone precursors to neighboring
air basins. The Ozone Strategy also includes stationary source control measures, mobile source control
measures and transportation control measures. Although it is only required to address ozone pollution and
associated control measures, the Ozone Strategy also discusses particulate matter pollution and reduction
measures.
a) As noted above, the Bay Area 2005 Ozone Strategy, which also addresses particulate matter, is the air
quality plan that applies to Saratoga. The primary source of ozone is internal combustion engines and
power plants. Because the proposed project would not result in any physical changes or construction, it
would not contribute to regional ozone emissions in the form of emissions from construction vehicles.
22
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
13
The proposed update of the Circulation Element would not conflict with or obstruct implementation of the
applicable air quality plan.
b) As discussed in the introduction to this section, the San Francisco Bay air basin is considered a
nonattainment area for particulate matter and for one-hour ozone levels, under State standards. The
proposed project would not result in any physical changes or construction and it would not result in a
substantial contribution of particulate matter due to construction or soil disturbance. Implementation of
the updated Circulation Element would not result in changes in land use or policies that would result in
growth and associated increases in emissions from motor vehicles. Therefore, the proposed project would
not contribute substantially to violations of air quality standards.
c) As discussed in Section III. a and b, the proposed project would not result in significant emissions of
ozone precursors, including particulate matter. Therefore, the project does not make a cumulatively
considerable contribution to the air basin’s non-attainment status for particulate matter or other ozone
precursors.
d) The project would not result in physical changes that would generate increased pollutant emissions.
Implementation of the updated Circulation Element would not result in changes in land uses or policies
that would place sensitive receptors in greater proximity to emission sources or expose sensitive receptors
to emission sources for longer durations.
e) Implementation of the Circulation Element Update would not result in physical changes or in policies
that would result in physical changes that would create long-term objectionable odors.
Therefore, updating the Circulation Element would not violate air quality standards, affect the City’s
ability to comply with air quality plans, result in a considerable increase of a criteria pollutant, expose
receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations, nor create objectionable odors to a substantial number of
people. In addition, any future development activities related to the designated bike trails would be
subject to further review under CEQA.
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
IV. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES. Would the project:
a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or
through habitat modifications, on any species identified
as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in lo-
cal or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the
California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service?
b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habi-
tat or other sensitive natural community identified in
local or regional plans, policies, regulations or by the
California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service?
23
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
14
c) Have a substantial adverse effect on federally protected
wetlands as defined by Section 404 of the Clean Water
Act (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool,
coastal, etc.) Through direct removal, filling, hydrolog-
ical interruption, or other means?
d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native
resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with es-
tablished native resident or migratory wildlife corri-
dors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites?
e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protect-
ing biological resources, such as a tree preservation
policy or ordinance?
f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat
Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation
Plan or other approved local, regional, or State habitat
conservation plan?
Discussion:
Because the proposed update of the Circulation Element would not result in physical changes or construc-
tion, implementation of the project would not result in adverse impacts to biological resources.
Future development of designated bike trails would be subject to further review under CEQA, which
would include analysis of potential impacts to existing vegetation and other potential biological resources.
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
V. CULTURAL RESOURCES. Would the project:
a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance
of a historical resource as defined in CEQA Guidelines
Section 15064.5?
b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance
of an archaeological resource pursuant to CEQA
Guidelines Section 15064.5?
c) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological
resource or site or unique geologic feature?
d) Disturb any human remains, including those interred
outside of formal cemeteries?
Discussion:
24
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
15
The proposed project would not result in physical changes. The project does not involve construction or
excavation. As such, it will not result in a change to an historical, archaeological, or paleontological
resource or result in the disturbance of human remains. Future development of the designated bike trails
would be subject to further review under CEQA, which would include analysis of potential impacts to
cultural resources. Therefore, the project would not result in adverse impacts to cultural resources.
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
VI. GEOLOGY AND SOILS. Would the project:
a) Expose people or structures to potential substantial ad-
verse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death
involving:
i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated
on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault
Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the
area or based on other substantial evidence of a
known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geol-
ogy Special Publication 42.
ii) Strong seismic ground shaking?
iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefac-
tion?
iv) Landslides?
b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil?
c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or
that would become unstable as a result of the project,
and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral
spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse?
d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-1-
B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating sub-
stantial risks to life or property?
e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use
of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal sys-
tems where sewers are not available for the disposal of
waste water?
Discussion:
The proposed project would not result in construction or excavation that could result in significant
adverse impacts related to geology and soils.
25
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
16
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
VII. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS. Would the project:
a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or
indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the
environment?
b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or regulation
adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of
greenhouse gases?
Discussion:
On December 30, 2009, the California Natural Resources Agency adopted CEQA Guidelines
Amendments related to Climate Change. These amendments become effective on March 18, 2010,
and state that the “lead agency shall have discretion to determine, in the context of a particular
project, whether to: (1) Use a model or methodology to quantify greenhouse gas emissions resulting
from a project…and/or (2) Rely on a qualitative analysis or performance based standards.” The
qualitative analysis here considers whether the project will generate greenhouse gas emissions or conflict
with State goals and plans to reduce such emissions.
The proposed project would not result in physical changes or construction and would not result in
changes in land use or policies that would result in growth and associated increases in emissions from
motor vehicles. The goals of the project is to update policies and procedures to reflect conditions that
have evolved since preparation of the 2000 Circulation element and to enhance bicycle safety to benefit
residents in Saratoga. The policy changes proposed would have negligible impact on traffic and may
reduce traffic levels and related emission in some cases. Therefore, updating the City’s Circulation
Element would not generate greenhouse gas emissions. The update does not include policies that conflict
with any applicable regulations or requirements adopted to implement a statewide, regional, or local plan
for the reduction or mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, the project’s contribution to
cumulative GHG emissions would be less than significant.
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
VIII. HAZARDS. Would the project:
a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the envi-
ronment through the routine transport, use, or disposal
of hazardous materials?
b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the envi-
26
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
17
ronment through reasonably foreseeable upset and ac-
cident conditions involving the release of hazardous
materials into the environment?
c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or
acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste with-
in one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school?
d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of ha-
zardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Govern-
ment Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it
create a significant hazard to the public or the environ-
ment?
e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or,
where such a plan has not been adopted, within two
miles of a public airport or public use airport, would
the project result in a safety hazard for people residing
or working in the project area?
f) For a project located within the vicinity of a private air-
strip, would the project result in a safety hazard for
people residing or working in the project area?
g) Impair implementation of or physically interfere with
an adopted emergency response plan or emergency
evacuation plan?
h) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss,
injury or death involving wildland fires, including
where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or
where residences are intermixed with wildlands?
Discussion:
The proposed project would update the Circulation Element of the City’s General Plan and amend the
bicycle facilities maps. The project would not result in physical changes or construction. Implementation
of the proposed project would not involve the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials.
The proposed project does not include facilities that would permanently result in emissions of hazardous
materials or the regular handling of hazardous waste. Therefore, the project would not pose a hazard to
any sensitive receptors.
Implementation of the project would not take place within an airport land use plan area, within two miles
of a public airport or public use airport, or within the vicinity of a private airstrip. The project would not
interfere with an adopted emergency response or emergency evacuation plan. Therefore, the proposed
project would not result in significant adverse impacts related to hazards.
27
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
18
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incorpo-
rated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
IX. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY. Would the
project:
a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge
requirements?
b) Substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere
substantially with groundwater recharge such that there
would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering
of the local groundwater table level (e.g., the produc-
tion rate of pre-existing nearby wells would drop to a
level which would not support existing land uses or
planned uses for which permits have been granted)?
c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the
site or area, including through the alteration of the
course of a stream or river, in a manner which would
result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site?
d) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the
site or area, including through the alteration of the
course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the
rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which
would result in flooding on- or off-site?
e) Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed
the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage
systems or provide substantial additional sources of
polluted runoff?
f) Otherwise substantially degrade water quality?
g) Place housing within a 100-year flood hazard area as
mapped on a federal Flood Hazard Boundary or Flood
Insurance Rate Map or other flood hazard delineation
map?
h) Place within a 100-year flood hazard area structures
which would impede or redirect flood flows?
i) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss,
injury or death involving flooding, including flooding
of as a result of the failure of a levee or dam?
j) Inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow?
28
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
19
Discussion:
The proposed project would update the Circulation and Scenic Highway Element of the City of Saratoga
General Plan and amend the bicycle facilities maps. The project would not include excavation or con-
struction and would thus not impact groundwater resources or infiltration capacity, or alter drainage
patterns in a way that would increase erosion or flooding.
There are no levees or dams in Saratoga and the City is not subject to inundation by seiche, tsunami, or
mudflow.
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incorpo-
rated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
X. LAND USE AND PLANNING. Would the project:
a) Physically divide an established community?
b) Conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy, or
regulation of an agency with jurisdiction over the
project (including, but not limited to the general plan,
specific plan, local coastal program, or zoning ordin-
ance) adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating
an environmental effect?
c) Conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan
or natural community conservation plan?
Discussion:
The proposed project would update the Circulation Element of the City of Saratoga General Plan and
amend the bicycle facilities maps. Implementation of bicycle facilities that require construction (i.e.,
construction of bike trails) would be subject to further review under CEQA when specific trail alignments
are proposed.
The physical division of an established community would typically involve the construction of large fea-
tures (such as freeways) that then function as physical or psychological barriers between communities, or
the removal of roadways (e.g., through the assembly of numerous parcels and the creation of “super-
blocks”) such that access from one neighborhood to another is diminished. The designated bicycle routes
would enhance bicycle access in the City, and would not impede vehicle traffic on the roadways with
designated bicycle routes. Therefore, the project would not physically divide any residential communi-
ties.
The affected portions of Highway 9/Big Basin Way and Highway 9/Congress Springs Road are identified
in the General Plan as Minor Arterial Roadways. Highway 9/Saratoga-Los Gatos Road is identified in the
General Plan as a Major Arterial Roadway. Pierce Road and all other affected roadways are identified in
29
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
20
the General Plan as a Collector Roads. Zoning for uses along the proposed bicycle routes include
residential, commercial, and community facilities.
The project would not conflict with an applicable land use plan, policy or regulation of an agency with
jurisdiction over the project and would not conflict with any adopted habitat or natural community
conservation plan. Therefore, the project would not result in any adverse impacts related to land use.
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
XI. MINERAL RESOURCES. Would the project:
a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral re-
source that would be of value to the region and the res-
idents of the State?
b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally-important
mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local
general plan, specific plan or other land use plan?
Discussion:
Mineral resources in and around Saratoga are limited primarily to sandstone and shale. No active mines
are located in Saratoga. Updating the City’s Circulation Element would not result in adverse impacts to
mineral resources. Therefore, implementation of the proposed project would not result in the loss of
availability of a known mineral resource.
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
XII. NOISE. Would the project result in:
a) Exposure of persons to or generation of noise levels in
excess of standards established in the local general plan
or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other
agencies?
b) Exposure of persons to or generation of excessive
ground borne vibration or ground borne noise levels?
c) A substantial permanent increase in ambient noise le-
vels in the project vicinity above levels existing with-
out the project?
d) A substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient
30
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
21
noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing
without the project?
e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or,
where such a plan has not been adopted, within two
miles of a public airport or public use airport, would
the project expose people residing or working in the
project area to excessive noise levels?
f) For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip,
would the project expose people residing or working in
the project area to excessive noise levels?
Discussion:
Updating the City’s Circulation Element would not result in physical changes or construction that could
result in adverse noise impacts. Implementation of the updated Circulation Element would not result in
changes in land uses or policies that would place sensitive receptors in greater proximity to high levels of
airport- or airstrip-related noise or expose sensitive receptors to noise sources for longer durations.
Therefore, implementation of the proposed project would not result in significant impacts related to noise.
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
XIII. POPULATION AND HOUSING. Would the project:
a) Induce substantial population growth in an area, either
directly (for example, by proposing new homes and
businesses) or indirectly (for example, through exten-
sion of roads or other infrastructure)?
b) Displace substantial numbers of existing housing, ne-
cessitating the construction of replacement housing
elsewhere?
c) Displace substantial numbers of people, necessitating
the construction of replacement housing elsewhere?
Discussion:
The proposed project would result in an updated Circulation Element and amended maps. Implementa-
tion of the updated Circulation Element would not result in changes to land use or policies that would
result in growth. Thus, the project would not directly or indirectly induce population growth, would not
remove existing housing stock and would not displace people.
31
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
22
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
XIV. PUBLIC SERVICES.
a) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical
impacts associated with the provision of new or physi-
cally altered governmental facilities, need for new or
physically altered governmental facilities, the construc-
tion of which could cause significant environmental
impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios,
response times or other performance objectives for any
of the public services:
Fire protection?
Police protection?
Schools?
Parks?
Other public facilities?
Discussion:
Implementation of the proposed project would result in an updated Circulation Element. Thus, the project
would not increase the risk of fire hazard in the area or result in significant impacts related to increased
provision of fire and police services. The proposed project does not involve the construction of housing or
employment-generating facilities. Therefore, it would not increase demand for school services. The
project increases bicycle routes and designated bicycle trails in Saratoga and thus would not result in
adverse impacts on existing recreational facilities or other public facilities, such as libraries.
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
XV. RECREATION.
a) Would the project increase the use of existing neigh-
borhood and regional parks or other recreational facili-
ties such that substantial physical deterioration of the
facility would occur or be accelerated?
b) Does the project include recreational facilities or re-
quire the construction or expansion of recreational fa-
cilities which might have an adverse physical effect on
the environment?
32
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
23
Discussion:
Implementation of the proposed project would result in a net increase in bicycle facilities in the City of
Saratoga. The project does not require construction or expansion of recreational facilities. Therefore, the
project would not adversely impact recreational facilities and would not have a substantial adverse
physical effect on the environment.
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
XVI. TRANSPORTATION/TRAFFIC. Would the project:
a) Conflict with an applicable plan, ordinance or policy
establishing measures of effectiveness for the perfor-
mance of the circulation system, taking into account all
modes of transportation including mass transit and non-
motorized travel and relevant components of the circu-
lation system, including but not limited to intersections,
streets, highways and freeways, pedestrian and bicycle
paths, and mass transit?
b) Conflict with an applicable congestion management
program, including, but not limited to level of service
standards, and travel demand measures, or other stan-
dards established by the county congestion manage-
ment agency for designated roads or highways.
c) Result in a change in air traffic patterns, including ei-
ther an increase in traffic levels or a change in location
that results in substantial safety risks?
d) Substantially increase hazards due to a design feature
(e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or in-
compatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)?
e) Result in inadequate emergency access?
f) Conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs re-
garding public transit, bicycle, or pedestrian facilities,
or otherwise decrease the performance or safety of such
facilities.
Discussion:
The project would result in an updated Circulation and Scenic Highway Element of the City of Saratoga
General Plan and amended maps. Implementation of the updated Circulation Element would not result in
changes to land use or policies that would result in a substantial increase in traffic. Circulation Element
policies would be updated to encourage alternative travel modes, such as walking, biking, and transit.
The Circulation Element analysis of existing roadway conditions indicates that two roadway segments
(i.e., Saratoga Avenue between Cox Avenue and SR 85 and Quito Road between Allendale Avenue and
33
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
24
Saratoga Avenue) are currently operating below the City’s standard of level-of-service D. See, Circula-
tion Element included as Attachment A, at 13. The Circulation Element analysis also indicates that the
same two roadway segments and four other roadway segments (also along Saratoga Avenue and Quito
Road) are projected to exceed LOS D in 2030. See, Circulation Element included as Attachment A, at 25.
Thus, the six roadway segments in question would experience increased traffic congestion compared to
current conditions.
The anticipated change in level of service is considered a less-than-significant impact to the City’s
circulation system as a whole. The City’s circulation system includes all modes of transportation includ-
ing public transit, bicycle facilities, and pedestrian facilities, as well as roadways and intersections.
Therefore, the preservation of all components of the circulation system has been considered in this
evaluation. The roadway segments that are projected to exceed LOS D have existing and planned
sidewalks and bicycle lanes. Preservation of these pedestrian and bicycle facilities precludes changes in
roadway configurations along these roadway segments. As such, taking into account all modes of
transportation in the City, the projected increase in traffic congestion at the aforementioned roadway
segments are not expected to result in significant adverse impacts.
Updating the City’s Circulation Element would not result in conflicts with established plans, policies, or
other measures of effectiveness for the performance of the circulation system or substantial changes in the
amount or flow of traffic. Updates to the City’s Circulation Element also include revisions to the bicycle
facility designations. Bike lanes shown on the updated facilities map reflect existing conditions. No lanes
were removed or are planned to be removed to implement these bike lanes. Implementation of the
proposed project would ultimately allow for increased bike access to the existing bicycle facilities and to
newly identified routes. The proposed project would offer a transportation alternative to driving and
could reduce car trips. Therefore, the proposed project would not cause an increase in car traffic which is
substantial in relation to the existing traffic load and capacity of the street system.
The City of Saratoga has one intersection (i.e., Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road) that is monitored by the Santa
Clara County Congestion Management Agency (CMA). According to the most recent CMA monitoring
results, that intersection does not exceed the Congestion Management Program standard for levels of
service. There is no indication that implementation of the proposed project would conflict with the
CMA’s policies. In the event that the Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road intersection exceeds CMA level of
service standards in the future, the Circulation Element includes a policy that requires the City to prepare
a deficiency plan in accordance with CMA policies. See, Attachment A, at 38.
The project would not result in a change to air traffic patterns or air traffic levels, therefore the update of
the Circulation Element would result in no impacts related to safety risks.
The conceptual trail alignments may require crossing over Highway 9/Big Basin Way at the intersection
with Pierce Road and crossings at Arroyo de Arguello and Quito Road. Any impacts related to increased
hazards associated with construction of the Class III bicycle trails would be evaluated during environmen-
tal review of project-level impacts when a specific trail alignments and designs are proposed.
Emergency vehicle access around the City would be unaffected by the proposed project.
Bike lanes shown on the updated bicycle facilities map reflect existing conditions. No center lanes were
removed to implement these bike lanes and roadway configurations would not be altered.
34
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
25
Updating the Circulation Element, amending relevant maps, and identifying new and future bike routes,
bike lanes, and bike trails would benefit bicycle users in Saratoga. The proposed project would ultimately
provide a safe way to commute via bicycle through Saratoga. The project is consistent with both the
County and City bicycle plans, and other programs supporting alternative transportation.
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
XVII. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS. Would the
project:
a) Exceed wastewater treatment requirements of the ap-
plicable Regional Water Quality Control Board?
b) Require or result in the construction of new water or
wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing
facilities, the construction of which could cause signifi-
cant environmental effects?
c) Require or result in the construction of new storm wa-
ter drainage facilities or expansion of existing facilities,
the construction of which could cause significant envi-
ronmental effects?
d) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the
project from existing entitlements and resources, or are
new or expanded entitlements needed?
e) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment
provider which serves or may serve the project that it
has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected
demand in addition to the provider’s existing commit-
ments?
f) Be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capaci-
ty to accommodate the project’s solid waste disposal
needs?
g) Comply with federal, State, and local statutes and regu-
lations related to solid waste?
Discussion:
The proposed project would update the City’s Circulation and Scenic Highway Element. Implementation
of the proposed project would not result in physical changes or construction. As such, implementation of
the proposed project would not affect wastewater treatment, water supplies, storm water facilities,
wastewater treatment capacity, or solid waste disposal capacity and would not require the construction of
new wastewater or water facilities, or the expansion of existing facilities. Therefore, the project is not
expected to result in adverse impacts on utilities and service systems.
35
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
26
Any impacts resulting from alteration of drainage patterns or construction of stormwater facilities
associated with construction of the Class III bicycle trails would be evaluated during environmental
review of project-level impacts when specific trail alignments and designs are proposed.
Potentially
Significant
Impact
Potentially
Significant
Unless
Mitigation
Incor-
porated
Less
Than
Signifi-
cant
Impact
No
Impact
XVIII. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE.
a) Does the project have the potential to degrade the
quality of the environment, substantially reduce the ha-
bitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wild-
life population to drop below self-sustaining levels,
threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, re-
duce the number or restrict the range of a rare or en-
dangered plant or animal, or eliminate important exam-
ples of the major periods of California history or pre-
history?
b) Does the project have impacts that are individually li-
mited, but cumulatively considerable? (“Cumulatively
considerable” means that the incremental effects of a
project are considerable when viewed in connection
with the effects of past projects, the effects of other
current projects, and the effects of probable future
projects.)
d) Does the project have environmental effects which will
cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, ei-
ther directly or indirectly?
Implementation of the proposed project would not degrade the quality of the environment, substantially
reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-
sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, reduce the number or restrict the
range of a rare or endangered plant or animal, or eliminate important examples of the major periods of
California history or prehistory. The proposed project would update the City’s Circulation Element to
reflect conditions that have evolved since preparation of the last update and would enhance bicycle access
in Saratoga, which would benefit regional air quality in the long-term.
Other planned and anticipated projects in Saratoga include small-scale residential developments and the
revitalization of Saratoga Village. The foreseeable projects in Saratoga would be expected to result in
minimal adverse environmental impacts. These impacts could include incremental increases in stormwa-
ter runoff, minor disturbances to urban wildlife, and other effects typical of projects undertaken in
already-developed areas. The proposed project’s environmental impacts are individually limited and do
not make a cumulatively considerable contribution to anticipated impacts from associated with other
pending or planned projects. Therefore, all environmental impacts that could occur as a result of the
proposed project would be at less-than-significant levels.
36
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
27
Implementation of the proposed project would not result in environmental effects that would cause
substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly.
37
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update
28
D. REPORT PREPARERS
Shute, Mihaly & Weinberger, LLP City Attorney and Urban Planning Consultant: Project
Management and Report Production; Project Description; Initial Study Preparation
Fehr and Peers, City Traffic Engineers: Transportation, Circulation and Parking analysis.
E. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bay Area Air Quality Management District, 2010. Draft CEQA Guidelines. Website:
http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/Files/Planning%20and%20Research/CEQA/Draft%20BAAQMD
%20CEQA%20Guidelines_Dec%207%202009.ashx
California Department of Transportation website:
http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/LandArch/scenic_highways/route9.htm
\\Smw01\vol1_data\SARATOGA\Circulation Element Update\Final Initial Study w-attach\FINAL Initial Study for Circ Element (7-19-10).doc
38
3
9
4
0
4
1
4
2
4
3
4
4
4
5
The project would amend Exhibit OSC-2 in the City’s Open Space/Conservation Element
depicting Existing and Proposed Trails to correct inaccuracies and ensure consistency with the
Circulation Element trails map. The first map attached is the existing Exhibit OSC-2; the second
map is Exhibit OSC-2 as amended.
46
47
S a r a t o g a -S u n n y v a l e R o a d
Prospect Road
Cox Avenue
Q u i t o R o a d
Saratoga-Los Gatos Road
P i e r c e R o a d
B i g B a s i n W a y
S a r a t o g a A v e n u e
F r u i t v a l e A v e n u e
Mountain Winery
Saratoga High School
Prospect High School
Redwood Middle SchoolFoothill Elementary
Argonaut Elementary
Blue Hills Elementary
Marshall Lane Elementary
Saratoga Elementary
Christa McAuliffe Elementary
Villa MontalvoSanborn County Park
Fremont Older OSP
Central Park
Kevin Moran Park
El Quito Park
Azule Park
St. Marcos Open Space
Wildwood Park
Bellgrove Park
Beauchamps Park
Congress Springs Park
Gardiner Park
Foothill Park
Historical Park
Brookglen Park
Ravenswood Park
Hakone Gardens
Saratoga Country Club
City of Saratoga Open Space/Conservation ElementBackground Report/Goals, Policies, and Implementation Measures
¬
Page 10UNGO-McCORMICK CONSULTINGJerry Haag, Urban PlannerRevised by City of Saratoga
EXISTING ANDPROPOSED TRAILS
Exhibit OSC-2
Saratoga Parks
Other Park Resources
Public Schools
0 3,000 6,0001,500 Feet
Legend
Existing City Trails
Proposed City Trails
Other Existing Public Trails
Other Proposed Public Trails
City Limits
Sphere of Influence
48
CITY OF SARATOGA PLANNING COMMISSION
RESOLUTION NO: 10-025
APPLICATION NUMBERS: GPA10-0001
RECOMMENDING APPROVAL OF THE CIRCULATION AND SCENIC
HIGHWAY ELEMENT, INCLUDING AN AMENDMENT TO THE OPEN SPACE
AND CONSERVATION ELEMENT
The City of Saratoga Planning Commission finds and determines as follows with respect to
the above-described application:
WHEREAS, a General Plan must contain certain elements, including a Circulation
Element which sets forth goals, policies and programs for travel and transportation and the
location of existing and proposed transportation routes and other local public facilities for
transportation within the City; and
WHEREAS, on September 8, 2010 the Planning Commission held a duly noticed
Public Hearing on the draft Circulation and Scenic Highway Element and related planning
actions described below at which time all interested parties were given a full opportunity to
be heard and to present evidence and argument. The Planning Commission considered the
draft Circulation and Scenic Highway Element and an amendment to the Open Space and
Conservation Element, CEQA documentation, correspondence, presentations from the
public, and all testimony and other evidence presented at the Public Hearing, and
WHEREAS, an amendment to the trails map within the Open Space and
Conservation Element is intended to ensure conformance with the trails map within the
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element; and
WHEREAS, environmental review was completed in the form of an Initial Study
and it was determined that the proposed adoption of the Circulation and Scenic Highway
Element, and the amendment to the City’s Open Space and Conservation Element, would
not result in potential significant impacts on the environment and a Negative Declaration
was prepared; and
WHEREAS, the Planning Commission finds that the Circulation and Scenic
Highway Element and the proposed amendment to the Open Space and Conservation
Element is consistent with the City of Saratoga General Plan.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Planning Commission of the City of Saratoga does hereby
recommend that the City Council of the City of Saratoga adopt the Circulation and Scenic
Highway Element, and the proposed amendment to the Open Space and Conservation
Element, which was presented to the Planning Commission on September 8, 2010 and
circulated for a 30-day public review period from July 26, 2010 to August 26, 2010 and is
on file with the Community Development Department.
PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Planning Commission of the City of Saratoga,
this 8th of September, 2010 by the following vote:
49
2
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element 2010
AYES:
NOES:
ABSENT:
ABSTAIN:
______________________________
Mary-Lynne Bernald
Chair, Planning Commission
ATTEST:
___________________________________
John F. Livingstone, AICP
Secretary to the Planning Commission
50
REVISED DRAFT REPORT
CIRCULATION AND SCENIC HIGHWAY ELEMENT UPDATE
CITY OF SARATOGA, CALIFORNIA
BACKGROUND REPORT AND
GOALS, POLICIES, AND IMPLEMENTATION MEASURES
PREPARED FOR:
CITY OF SARATOGA
July 19, 2010
51
REVISED DRAFT REPORT
CIRCULATION AND SCENIC HIGHWAY ELEMENT UPDATE
CITY OF SARATOGA, CALIFORNIA
BACKGROUND REPORT AND
GOALS, POLICIES, AND IMPLEMENTATION MEASURES
PREPARED FOR:
CITY OF SARATOGA
PREPARED BY:
FEHR & PEERS.
July 19, 2010
52
VISION STATEMENT
It is the intent of the City that the emphasis on maintaining the character of
Saratoga as expressed in the General Plan and Specific Plans be affirmed, preserved
and furthered by the goals, policies and implementation measures presented in the
Year 2010 Circulation and Scenic Highway Element Update. Additionally, it is the
intent of the City that the mandate expressed by the citizens of Saratoga to control
density, traffic, and noise be affirmed, preserved and furthered by the goals, policies
and implementation measures presented in this document. The City also pledges to :
1) improve the transportation system by balancing the needs of bicyclists,
pedestrians, and transit users with considerations for safe automobile travel, and 2)
be a responsible partner in developing regional transportation solutions. Where any
inconsistency or conflict appears in interpreting this document, the strong value that
Saratogans place on the character of the City shall weigh heavily in the resolution of
such conflict.
53
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter Page
I. INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................1
II. EXISTING TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM ..................................................4
III. OTHER CIRCULATION ISSUES ................................................................ 20
IV. SCENIC HIGHWAYS AND CORRIDORS .................................................23
V. FUTURE CONDITIONS ...............................................................................24
VI. GOALS, POLICIES, AND IMPLEMENTATION MEASURES .................35
TECHNICAL APPENDICES
Appendix A: Level of Service Tables for Roadway Segments
54
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
1. Mode Share of Saratoga Residents ..........................................................................4
2. Existing Roadway Segment Levels of Service ......................................................12
3. Transit Load Factors – Routes Serving Saratoga ...................................................15
4. Year 2030 Roadway Segment Levels of Service ...................................................26
5. Existing and Future Vehicle Miles of Travel (VMT) ............................................28
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
1. City Map ..................................................................................................................6
2. Current Roadway Classifications .............................................................................9
3. Existing Daily Traffic Volumes .............................................................................11
4. Existing Transit Service .........................................................................................16
5. Existing Bicycle Facilities .....................................................................................19
C-1 Existing Roadways................................................................................................48
C-2 Roadway Classifications .......................................................................................49
C-3 Truck Routes .........................................................................................................50
C-4 Existing Transit Service ........................................................................................51
C-5 Existing and Proposed Bicycle Facilities ..............................................................52
C-6 Existing and Proposed Trails/Pedestrian Paths .....................................................53
55
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
Background Report/Goals, Policies, and Implementation Measures
Fehr & Peers Page 1
I. INTRODUCTION
What is a Circulation and Scenic
Highway Element?
A Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
is one of seven required elements of a City
or County’s General Plan. California
Government Code Section 65302 (b)
specifies that the Circulation Element of a
General Plan shall identify the proposed
location and extent of major thoroughfares,
terminals, and services designed to transport
people and goods. The City of Saratoga’s
transportation system is comprised of
roadways, bikeways, sidewalks and trails,
transit facilities and services, and rail lines.
The Circulation and Scenic Highway
Element addresses all travel modes and
includes the goals, policies, and
implementation programs that guide the
development and maintenance of the
transportation system. Scenic highway
designations and corridor preservation issues
are also addressed as part of this element.
Why Update the Circulation
Element?
The Circulation Element was last updated in
2000. Over the last ten years, the City of
Saratoga has not seen significant changes in
its transportation system, and traffic
volumes have decreased by approximately
ten (10) percent. Because the vast majority
of land use within Saratoga is essentially
built-out, future travel demand will be
generated by redevelopment, in-fill projects,
and additional through traffic. Thus, the
primary goal of the Circulation Element is to
manage and improve the efficiency of the
existing transportation system.
Background
The transportation system in Saratoga was
originally developed before the City was
incorporated and was based on planning
principles for rural communities. These
principles included construction of
numerous local streets without finished
curbs, gutters or sidewalks, extensive use of
natural landscaping, and development of an
arterial street system that radiated from the
Village area along Big Basin Way.
Due to the hilly terrain and natural setting,
some City streets include narrow travel lanes
that are less than the 12-foot standard used
in many urban areas. The City maintains an
on-going effort to eliminate sight distance
limitations caused by trees and shrubs or by
structures built before recent setback
standards were implemented
As the City has developed and overall travel
demand has increased, the focus of Citywide
circulation traffic volumes has shifted from
congestion in the Village area to
neighborhood traffic management and
school circulation. Traffic volumes on City
streets have decreased approximately ten
(10) percent since 2000. This decrease is not
unexpected due to the economic boom that
occurred in the late 1990s and the current
recession. Although traffic volumes have
decreased, opportunities to expand
alternative travel modes have been limited
because of: 1) the original planning
principles to minimize the number of
sidewalks, 2) insufficient roadway width or
right-of-way to accommodate both on-street
parking and separate bicycle facilities, and
3) the low-density development pattern that
makes transit service less efficient.
The City has consistently made a conscious
effort to retain the rural character of the
56
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
Background Report/Goals, Policies, and Implementation Measures
Fehr & Peers Page 2
community while providing adequate
capacity and safety for vehicles and other
modes of travel. Local residential streets are
the framework around which the
neighborhoods in Saratoga are built. To a
great extent, the pattern and design of streets
help shape neighborhood image and identity,
and can influence whether or not residents
of an area feel safe, the degree of
communication neighbors have with each
other, the degree to which residents use
alternative modes for personal travel, and
the general feeling of well-being and
comfort related to their immediate
environment.
Regulatory Agencies
The City of Saratoga has jurisdiction over
all City streets and City-operated traffic
signals. The SR 85 freeway, its ramps, and
SR 9 (Saratoga-Los Gatos Road and Big
Basin Way) are under the jurisdiction of the
State of California Department of
Transportation (Caltrans). A short section of
Lawrence Expressway is under the
jurisdiction of Santa Clara County.
The Santa Clara Valley Transportation
Authority (VTA) is an independent special
district responsible for congestion
management, specific highway improvement
projects, countywide transportation
planning, and bus and light rail operations in
Santa Clara County. The VTA is the
Congestion Management Agency (CMA) for
jurisdictions within the County and sets the
State and Federal funding priorities for
improvements affecting Congestion
Management Program (CMP) facilities, as
well as non-automobile facilities. CMP
facilities in Saratoga include SR 85, SR 9
(Saratoga-Los Gatos Road and Big Basin
Way), Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road, and
Saratoga Avenue (east of SR 85). In
Saratoga, the VTA provides fixed-route bus
and paratransit service.
The regional transportation planning agency
for the San Francisco Bay Area is the
Metropolitan Transportation Commission
(MTC), which is the clearinghouse for both
State and Federal funds for transportation
improvements. Each county’s CMA,
including the VTA, forwards their Capital
Improvement Project (CIP) list to MTC for
review. MTC prepares the regional priority
list based on input from all nine Bay Area
counties and submits it to the California
Transportation Commission (CTC) and/or
the Federal Highway Administration
(FHWA) for funding.
Community Input
Participation from Saratoga residents and
public officials was an integral part of the
Circulation Element update process.
Community input ensures the Circulation
Element reflects the issues and opportunities
identified by the community. The main
concerns for this Circulation Element update
were focused on updating bicycle paths,
lanes, and routes on the Bicycle Facilities
Map, verifying consistency between the
trails map within the Circulation Element
and the trails map within the Open
Space/Conservation Element, and accurately
describing the existing transportation
system, goals, policies, and implementation
measures that form the vision of the City’s
circulation plan.
Numerous groups met to discuss circulation
issues with regards to the Circulation
Element update. The Pedestrian, Equestrian,
and Bicycle Trails Advisory Committee
(PEBTAC) met numerous times in 2007,
2008, and 2009 to discuss changes to the
Bicycle Facilities Map. The City Council
57
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
Background Report/Goals, Policies, and Implementation Measures
Fehr & Peers Page 3
and Traffic Safety Commission (TSC) also
met in 2009 to discuss the Bicycle Facilities
Map and changes to the element.
PEBTAC also discussed changes to the trails
maps in May and June 2010. After
thorough review of the maps, recorded
documentation, and site visits, corrections to
both trails maps were made and brought into
conformity. These meetings were open to
the public, noticed on standard meeting
agendas, and included on the City’s website.
A joint public meeting was also held by the
TSC and PEBTAC in May 2010. The
meeting was held to solicit additional public
input on the background report and draft
goals, policies, and implementation
measures for the Circulation Element, as
well as discuss any issues regarding the
Bicycle Facilities Map and Trail Map.
These meetings were advertised through the
Saratoga News, noticed on the City’s
website, and posted as a TSC agenda item.
The Circulation Element is tentatively
scheduled to be reviewed by the Planning
Commission on September 10, 2010 before
recommending approval of the Circulation
Element to the City Council. City Council
will review it in October 2010.
58
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
Background Report/Goals, Policies, and Implementation Measures
Fehr & Peers Page 4
II. OVERVIEW OF EXISTING TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
The current use of each travel mode is
presented followed by descriptions of each
component of the existing transportation
system: roadways, bicycle and pedestrian
facilities, transit services and facilities, and
rail lines. Figure 1 shows a map of the major
roadways within Saratoga.
Travel Mode Data
Saratoga residents use a variety of modes to
travel. Table 1 shows the proportional share
by travel mode for Saratoga residents
commuting to work based on the most recent
Census data.
TABLE 1
Travel to Work Mode Share - Saratoga
Residents
Transportation
Mode Share (%)
Drive Alone
Carpool/Vanpool
Bus
Bicycle
Walk
Other1
85.4
5.0
0.9
0.2
0.9
7.6
Notes:
1 Includes motorcycle riders, worked at home and
other modes.
Source: U.S. Census 2000, Summary File 3.
The vast majority of work trips (more than
85 percent) are made by single-occupant
vehicles. Carpools/vanpools or ridesharing
comprises the second highest share at five
(5.0) percent. Transit, bicycle and pedestrian
trips comprise approximately two (2.0)
percent of the commute trip total.
Interestingly, the drive alone rate decreased
by approximately 3.5 percentage points from
Year 1990 to 2000.
Based on two previous mode share studies
and anecdotal evidence approximately 90
percent of local elementary students arrive
and depart by automobile. This trend is due
to an open enrollment system (where a
student may attend any school in the district)
and the lack of dedicated school bus service.
Existing Roadway System
Regional roadway access to Saratoga is
provided by three major freeways: State
Route (SR) 85, Interstate 280 (I-280), and SR
17. Only SR 85 provides direct access to
Saratoga via interchanges at Saratoga
Avenue and South De Anza Boulevard (in
Cupertino). Access to SR 17 is provided by
Saratoga-Los Gatos Road, which is
designated as SR 9, and via SR 85. Lawrence
Expressway also serves regional traffic and
links Saratoga to Santa Clara and Sunnyvale.
As shown on Figure 1, the major roadways
carry traffic between various areas of
Saratoga as well as to other nearby cities.
Local roadway access within Saratoga is
provided by a network of streets that was
specifically designed to discourage cut-
through traffic in neighborhood areas.
Unfortunately, increased congestion on some
of the major roadways, especially near the
SR 85/Saratoga Avenue interchange, has led
to increased diversion through
neighborhoods.
Brief descriptions of the key roadways within
the City are presented below.
State Route 85 (SR 85) is six-lane freeway
linking U.S. Highway 101 (US 101) in
Mountain View to US 101 in south San Jose.
The median lane in both directions is
59
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Fehr & Peers Page 5
designated for use by High Occupancy
Vehicles (HOVs) and motorcycles during
peak periods. HOVs include carpools,
vanpools and buses. Full-access via ramps is
provided at Saratoga Avenue between
Fruitvale and Cox Avenues.
Saratoga-Los Gatos Road (SR 9) is a two- to
four-lane roadway extending between Big
Basin Way in Saratoga and SR 17 in Los
Gatos. A center two-way left-turn lane is
provided on selected segments of this road
within Saratoga. Saratoga-Los Gatos Road is
designated as SR 9 and is under the
jurisdiction of the California Department of
Transportation (Caltrans).
Saratoga Avenue is a two- to six-lane street
linking Saratoga-Los Gatos Road (SR 9) with
Scott Boulevard in the City of Santa Clara. In
Saratoga, this street includes two lanes
between SR 9 and Fruitvale Avenue, and
four lanes north of this point to the City
limits.
Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road is a four-lane,
north-south road extending between Saratoga
Avenue and Prospect Road. North of
Prospect Road in the Cities of Cupertino and
San Jose, this roadway is designated as South
De Anza Boulevard and includes six travel
lanes.
Prospect Road is a two- to four-lane east-
west roadway extending between Stevens
Creek County Park and Saratoga Avenue.
Several north-south collector streets connect
to Prospect Road through Cupertino
including Blaney Avenue, Miller Avenue,
and Johnson Avenue. The majority of
Prospect Road forms the boundary between
Saratoga and the Cities of San Jose and
Cupertino. A short segment of this road
includes five through lanes between Saratoga
Avenue and Lawrence Expressway.
Fruitvale Avenue is a two- to four-lane street
linking Saratoga Avenue to Saratoga-Los
Gatos Road (SR 9). It is two lanes wide
south of Burgundy Way. Fruitvale Avenue is
the primary access to West Valley College
and also serves Redwood Middle School, a
Post Office, and Saratoga City Hall at
Allendale Avenue.
Cox Avenue is an east-west street
extending between Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road
and Quito Road. The majority of this street
includes two travel lanes, with a four lane
segment between Saratoga Avenue and Paseo
Presado. As part of the City’s neighborhood
traffic management efforts, the two-lane
segment east of Paseo Presado includes a
speed table to discourage speeding. Between
Prospect Road and Saratoga-Los Gatos Road,
Cox Avenue is the only east-west street
providing a direct connection across Saratoga
between Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road and Quito
Road.
Allendale Avenue is a two-lane, east-west
roadway linking Fruitvale Avenue and Quito
Road. As noted above, this street provides
access to the Saratoga Civic Center, Post
Office, and Redwood Middle School west of
Fruitvale Avenue. Secondary access to West
Valley College is provided on Allendale
Avenue.
Quito Road is a two-to four-lane north-south
roadway and essentially forms the City’s
eastern boundary. Quito Road links
Lawrence Expressway (south of Saratoga
Avenue) to Saratoga-Los Gatos Road.
Big Basin Way is a two-lane roadway
between Saratoga-Los Gatos Road and Pierce
Road. West of Pierce Road, this roadway is
called Congress Springs Road and connects
to Skyline Boulevard (SR 35). Big Basin
Way is designated as SR 9.
60
Legend:
Fehr & Peers Page 6
Revised May 2010
Saratoga City Boundary
Roads
Waterways
Figure 1 City Map
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway ElementCity of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
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City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
Background Report/Goals, Policies, and Implementation Measures
Fehr & Peers Page 7
Pierce Road is a two-lane roadway linking
Congress Springs Road (SR 9) with
Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road. This roadway
traverses hilly terrain and provides access to
numerous local and collector streets in the
western hills. As part of the City’s
neighborhood traffic management efforts,
this street includes two speeds humps just
east of Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road.
Roadway Classifications
To better identify the character of a
roadway, all streets and highways are
classified depending upon the service they
provide. For example, some facilities are
designed to serve high traffic volumes
across the City, while others are designed to
serve low volumes and to distribute traffic
within a limited area. Prior to the 2000
General Plan, roadways were classified
based on the functional classification system
typically used by the Federal Highway
Administration (FHWA) and illustrated on
California Road Systems (CRS) Maps. The
functional classification system emphasizes
vehicle travel and focuses on the street
environment between the curbs. In the 2000
General Plan, City roadways were identified
based on the following classifications:
interstate freeway, other freeway or
expressway, major arterial, minor arterial,
and collector. All other streets are assumed
to be local streets.
In determining the appropriate classification
system for a given roadway, the City has
and will continue to recognize that
transportation corridors have multiple users
(i.e., drivers, bicyclists, pedestrians, and
transit users) and that adjacent land uses also
influence the functionality and character of
the street environment. A map of the City’s
adopted roadway classification system is
shown on Figure 2.
The City does not have an officially adopted
classification system. Although the current
General Plan map identifies some arterial
roadways and collector streets, no
distinction is made between types of arterial
roadways (principal/major vs. minor). For
discussion purposes, roadways have been
classified into seven categories: freeways,
expressways, major and minor arterials,
collectors, local streets, and hillside streets.
Portions of Prospect Road and Quito Road
that are located in adjacent jurisdictions may
be designated differently by those agencies.
General definitions of these classifications
and example segments are presented below.
• Freeways. Freeways are limited-
access, high-speed travelways
included in the State and Federal
Highway systems. Freeways are
facilities designed solely for traffic
movement, providing no access to
abutting properties, and designed to
separate all conflicting traffic
movements through the use of grade-
separated interchanges. The only
freeway in the City is State Route
(SR) 85.
• Expressways. Expressways are high-
speed, limited-access streets
designed to facilitate the movement
of high traffic volumes. Expressways
are designed to serve both regional
through and local traffic and ideally
connect other regional roadways and
freeways. Expressways are
maintained and operated by the
Santa Clara County Roads and
Airports Department. While the city
coordinates with the County
regarding expressway operations and
improvements, the County controls
access to and operation of traffic
62
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
Background Report/Goals, Policies, and Implementation Measures
Fehr & Peers Page 8
signals on each of these facilities.
The only expressway facility within
the city limits is a very short segment
of Lawrence Expressway north of
Saratoga Avenue.
• Major and Minor Arterials. Arterial
roadways are major streets that
primarily serve through traffic and
provide access to abutting properties
as a secondary function. Arterials are
generally designed with two to six
travel lanes and major intersections
are signalized. This roadway type is
divided into two categories: major
and minor arterials. Major arterials
are typically four- or more lane
roadways and serve both local and
through traffic. Minor arterials are
typically two- to four-lane streets
and serve local and commute traffic.
Examples of major arterials are
Saratoga Avenue east of SR 85,
Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road, Saratoga-
Los Gatos Road, and Quito Road
north of SR 85. Minor arterials
include Saratoga Avenue west of SR
85, Fruitvale Avenue, Cox Avenue
(Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road to
Saratoga Avenue), and Quito Road
south of SR 85.
• Collectors. Collectors are streets that
provide land access and traffic
circulation within residential,
commercial and industrial areas.
They connect local streets to arterials
and are typically designed with two
travel lanes that may accommodate
on-street parking. Collector streets
include Herriman Avenue, Pierce
Road, and Miller Avenue.
• Local Streets. Local or residential
streets provide direct access to
abutting residential properties as
their primary function. Local streets
have no more than two travel lanes
and may or may not accommodate
on-street parking. In many areas of
Saratoga, local streets do not include
sidewalks.
63
Legend:
Fehr & Peers Page 9
Revised May 2010
Interstate Freeway (Not Applicable)
Other Freeway or Expressway
Minor Arterial
Collector
Major Arterial
Figure 2 Current Roadway Classifications
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway ElementCity of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
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City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
Background Report/Goals, Policies, and Implementation Measures
Fehr & Peers Page 10
• Hillside Streets. These roads are local
streets located in the foothills that
have narrow travel lane widths and
slower travel speeds. No on-street
parking is typically permitted and no
right of way is available for separate
pedestrian or bicycle facilities.
Examples include Bohlman Road and
portions of Canyon View Drive.
• Heritage Lanes. Two roadways in
Saratoga are designated as “heritage
lanes.” While not an official roadway
classification for circulation purposes,
this designation indicates corridors
that are maintained to preserve the
City’s character. The two roadways
with this classification are Saratoga
Avenue between Fruitvale Avenue
and Park Place, and Austin Way
south of Saratoga-Los Gatos Road
(SR 9).
Existing Traffic Volumes
Existing traffic volumes were established
with traffic counts conducted in 2006 and
2010. Current daily traffic volumes for the
City’s major streets in the City are presented
on Figure 3.
Daily traffic volumes are used to identify the
required number of travel lanes on roadway
segments. While intersections represent the
constraint points of a roadway system,
forecasting specific turning movement
volumes 20 or more years in the future can
be speculative. In addition, use of daily
volumes better illustrates maximum use of a
roadway as opposed to focusing only on a
one- or two-hour peak period.
Roadway Segment Operations
The operations of roadways are described
with the term level of service. Level of
service (LOS) is a qualitative description of
traffic operations ranging from LOS A
(indicating free flow operations with little or
no delay experienced by motorists), to LOS F
(indicating congested and oversaturated
conditions where traffic flows exceed design
capacity and result in long queues and
delays). LOS E represents conditions at
capacity.
Roadway segments in the City of Saratoga
were analyzed using comparison of the daily
volume to threshold volumes based on
roadway type as presented in the technical
appendix. It is important to note that daily
volume thresholds are used for planning
purposes and traffic during peak periods may
result in worse operations than illustrated by
the daily LOS.
The City of Saratoga currently maintains
LOS D as the minimal acceptable operation
level for intersections that are under the
City’s jurisdiction. This same standard was
applied to the roadway segment operations
analysis.
Table 2 shows the existing operations of the
key roadway segments identified on Figure
3.
65
Legend:
Fehr & Peers Page 11
Revised May 2010
Existing Daily Volumes
Note: Traffic counts obtained in 2006 and 2010
Figure 3 Existing Daily Volumes
150
18,300
16,300
26,100
3,000
10,500
31,900
17,800
36,900
32,800
19,900
16,600
7,600
17,500
6,300
13,000
8,500
13,800
16,100
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway ElementCity of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
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City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
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Fehr & Peers Page 12
TABLE 2
Existing Roadway Segment Levels of Service1
Roadway Segment
Existing
Volume1
Roadway Type Number
of Lanes LOS
Prospect Road
(Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road to Miller Avenue) 16,300 Major Arterial 4 C
Prospect Road
(Miller Avenue to Lawrence Expressway) 18,300 Major Arterial 4 C
Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road
(Prospect Road to Cox Avenue) 26,100 Major Arterial 4 D
Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road
(Cox Avenue to Saratoga Avenue) 17,500 Major Arterial 4 C
Pierce Road
(Surrey Lane to Comer Dr.) 3,000 Collector 2 B
Cox Avenue
(Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road to Saratoga Avenue) 10,500 Minor Arterial 2 D
Saratoga Avenue
(Lawrence Expressway To Cox Avenue) 31,900 Major Arterial 4 D
Saratoga Avenue
(Cox Avenue to SR 85) 36,900 Major Arterial 4 E
Saratoga Avenue
(SR 85 to Fruitvale Avenue) 32,800 Major Arterial 4 D
Saratoga Avenue
(Fruitvale Avenue to Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road) 16,600 Minor Arterial 2 D
Big Basin Way
(Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road to Pierce Road) 6,300 Minor Arterial 2 C
Fruitvale Avenue
(Saratoga Avenue to Allendale Avenue) 19,900 Minor Arterial 4 D
Fruitvale Avenue
(Allendale Avenue to Saratoga-Los Gatos Road) 8,500 Minor Arterial 4 C
Allendale Avenue
(Fruitvale Avenue to Quito Road) 7,600 Minor Arterial 2 C
Quito Road
(Saratoga Avenue to Allendale Avenue) 17,800 Major Arterial 2 F
Quito Road
(Allendale Avenue to Saratoga-Los Gatos Road) 13,800 Minor Arterial 2 D
Saratoga-Los Gatos Road
(Saratoga Avenue to Fruitvale Avenue) 13,000 Major Arterial 4 D
Saratoga-Los Gatos Road
(Fruitvale Avenue to Quito Road) 16,100 Major Arterial 4 C
Note: 1 Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume based on traffic counts collected November 2006 and February
2010.
2 Level of Service (LOS) based on roadway capacities defined in the technical appendix.
Source: Fehr & Peers, March 2010.
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City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
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Fehr & Peers Page 13
Overall, the City’s daily roadway volumes
have decreased by approximately 10 percent
as compared to the volumes presented in the
2000 General Plan. The decrease in roadway
volumes is not unexpected given the
economic boom that occurred in the late
1990s and the current recession.
Furthermore, the most recent VTA
Monitoring and Conformance Report (2008)
demonstrates that the CMP facilities
currently operate at acceptable levels.
Those facilities are located at (Saratoga-Los
Gatos Road and Big Basin Way), Saratoga-
Sunnyvale Road, and Saratoga Avenue (east
of SR 85).
The results in Table 2 show that two of the
eighteen study roadway segments are
operating near capacity on a daily basis. The
two areas of substantial congestion include:
• Saratoga Avenue between Cox Avenue
and SR 85
• Quito Road between Allendale Avenue
and Saratoga Avenue
As noted previously, congested daily
operations can indicate that overall traffic
demand meets or exceeds the capacity of a
given segment. However, peak-hour
intersection operations and potential
intersection improvements should be
evaluated prior to recommending widening
of roadway segments. This will allow the
City to maximize the use of existing
infrastructure while balancing the needs of
all roadway users.
Truck Traffic
Truck traffic is not a significant existing
problem in the City of Saratoga. The major
state highways leading into and traversing
the City are not high volume truck routes.
SR 9 west of the City is a two-lane road with
numerous curves and steep grades and is not
conducive to truck travel. Trucks over four
and one-half (4.5) tons are not permitted on
SR 85. In general, most large trucks travel
on Saratoga streets only to make local
deliveries, pick-ups, and support new
construction. While some complaints occur
during construction or remodel of a home or
business, issues are localized and addressed
through code or law enforcement.
Other Traffic Issues
Several issues regarding traffic circulation
throughout the City have been identified at
public meetings and through
communications with City Community
Development Department staff. These issues
are listed below followed by a brief
discussion of each.
Neighborhood Traffic Problems – Changes
in traffic patterns within the City have
caused some through traffic to divert to
residential collector and local streets at
selected locations. Citizens in several
neighborhoods have indicated that the traffic
volume or travel speeds on some local
streets have increased to an unacceptable
level, although in many cases, speeding is
caused by residents from immediate or
adjacent neighborhoods.
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Fehr & Peers Page 14
The arterial and collector roadways shown
in Table 2 are designed to carry substantial
traffic volumes. Even a two-lane collector
road with numerous access driveways is
physically capable of serving traffic
volumes in excess of 7,500 vpd without
congestion depending on intersection
operations, available gaps in traffic, and lane
widths. For collector and local streets in
residential areas, the volume of traffic
generally accepted or tolerated by
residents is significantly lower. This
threshold is referred to as the
“environmental capacity” of a roadway. The
environmental capacity relates to the
perceived speed of traffic, how difficult it is
for residents to back out of driveways, and
the overall perception of safety. The
environmental capacity of a collector street
is often cited as 3,000 to 3,500 vpd, while a
volume of between 1,500 to 2,000 vpd
would represent the maximum volume that
could be tolerated by residents of a local
street.
Residents of some neighborhoods are
interested in traffic calming or management
techniques to mitigate these problems.
Traffic calming measures include changes in
street alignment, installation of barriers or
other physical devices, and enforcement to
reduce traffic speeds and/or cut-through
volumes, in the interest of street safety,
livability, and other public purposes.
Increased enforcement has been identified as
a key issue at public meetings regarding
Citywide traffic issues.
Citizen complaints and issues regarding the
volume and speed of traffic on these
facilities are typically heard by the Traffic
Safety Commission (TSC), which is
comprised of seven appointed
commissioners that are residents of the City.
The TSC works together with City staff,
including the City’s Traffic Engineer, and
investigates, reviews and analyzes traffic
safety issues raised by community members
and Public Safety agencies. The Traffic
Safety Commission makes
recommendations to the City Council
regarding traffic safety and the potential
implementation of traffic calming devices.
As an advisory body, the Commission
develops recommendations to the Planning
Commission and City Council on
transportation improvements and circulation
issues.
Congestion at Schools – Over the years,
vehicle congestion around several City
schools has continued to be a controversial
issue. The increased traffic is due in part to
increased student population, but is more
related to a trend in students that are driven
to school instead of walking or bicycling.
Most elementary schools in Saratoga
generate a higher than typical number of
vehicle trips due to a lack of sidewalks on
many local streets and the ability for
students to attend any school within the
City. Student pedestrian and bicycle safety
is a key concern for residents.
Special Event/Concerts – The traffic and
parking demand for events at both the
Mountain Winery and Villa Montalvo often
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Fehr & Peers Page 15
cause delays for local traffic. Major events
at the winery primarily occur on weekends
and affect travel through the Village and on
Pierce Road. Off-site parking at West Valley
College and shuttle service have been used
to reduce traffic for Villa Montalvo events.
The City works with operators of both
facilities and law enforcement to minimize
impacts to City residents and businesses.
Transit
The Santa Clara Valley Transportation
Authority (VTA) operates bus, light rail
transit, and paratransit service throughout
Santa Clara County. Bus transit service
within the City of Saratoga includes six
fixed routes (Routes 26, 37, 53, 57, and 58),
one limited stop route (Route 328 on
Lawrence Expressway), one commuter route
(Route 101 on Lawrence Expressway), and
paratransit service (dial-a-ride service for
qualified individuals). Figure 5 illustrates
the bus route paths operating within the
City.
All of the fixed bus routes, except Route 26,
operating through the City terminate at West
Valley College and only provide service on
Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road, Saratoga
Avenue, Quito Road, and Allendale Avenue.
No service is provided on Cox Avenue, most
of Fruitvale Avenue, and the southern half
of Quito Road. VTA ridership statistics or
load factors from March 2010 are
summarized in Table 3.
As shown, at least 68 percent of the
available seat capacity is used on the routes
serving Saratoga; and two routes (Route 26
and Route 53) have more passengers during
peak service times than the available seating
capacity. At public meetings, residents have
indicated that the time and number of
transfers required to access major
destinations (e.g., regional malls, downtown
San Jose) are deterrents to transit use.
Recent reductions in service due to budget
constraints have further reduced the
attractiveness of transit as a viable
alternative to private vehicle use and have
negatively affected transit-dependent
individuals.
Paratransit service is operated under contract
with OUTREACH, a private, non-profit
paratransit broker. This door-to-door service
is provided to riders whom meet the
eligibility requirements established by the
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
TABLE 3
Transit Load Factors –
Routes Serving Saratoga
Route Capacity Max Peak
Load
Load
Factor
26
37
53
57
58
43
43
57
43
43
48
35
85
33
26
1.26
0.81
2.24
0.87
0.68
Notes:
Source: Valley Transportation Authority, March
2010.
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Figure 4 Existing Transit Service (Effective January 11, 2010)
Route 26
Route 53 Route 328
Route 101
Express Route 102 (No Stops in Saratoga)
Route NumbersXXRoute 58
Route 57
53
57
53
26
26
328
102
102
58
101
Route 53
57 37
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Fehr & Peers Page 17
Bicycle Facilities
Bicycle facilities include bike paths, bike
lanes, and bike routes. Definitions of these
facility classifications are presented below.
• Bike Paths and Trails (Class I). Bike
paths are separated facilities
designated for exclusive use of
bicycles and pedestrians, and are
physically separate from roadways by
space or barriers.
• Bike Lanes (Class II). Bike lanes are
lanes adjacent to the outer travel lanes
reserved for the exclusive use of
bicycles, and designated with special
signing and pavement markings.
• Bike Routes (Class III). Bike routes
are roadways recommended for
bicycle use and often connect to bike
lanes and bike paths. Routes are
designated with signs only and do not
have separate bike right-of-way or
lane striping.
Saratoga has a limited number of dedicated
bicycle facilities. Figure 5 depicts the
locations of the existing bike lanes, paths,
and routes. The paths shown on Figure 5 are
multi-use trails and serve both bicycles and
pedestrians.
Although the segment of Fruitvale Avenue
between Allendale Avenue and Burgundy
Way has painted shoulder stripes, the narrow
shoulder includes a concrete valley gutter,
which does not meet Caltrans standards or
Valley Transportation Authority guidelines
for bicycle lanes.
Saratoga-Los Gatos Road (SR 9) has
continuous shoulder stripes along its length
through the City of Saratoga. In most
sections, the width of the shoulder meets
Caltrans standard for bicycle lanes and the
lanes are painted and signed as such.
However, intermittent segments exist where
the current striping does not meet Caltrans
standards for bike lanes and the sections are
officially designated bike routes, even though
the shoulder width provides sufficient room
for bicyclists to travel.
Pedestrian and Equestrian Facilities
Pedestrian facilities improve safety for
pedestrians and can also encourage the use of
alternative modes of transportation. These
facilities include sidewalks, paths, pedestrian
bridges, crosswalks, and pedestrian signals
with crosswalks at signalized intersections to
accommodate pedestrian circulation.
Many of the streets in Saratoga do not have
sidewalks because of the City’s rural
planning principles. Of particular importance
are the streets leading up to and around some
schools that do not have sidewalks or are
served by discontinuous sidewalk segments.
Lack of sidewalks forces school children to
share the roadway with vehicles. In many
instances, parents elect to drive their students
to school to avoid potential conflicts with
vehicle traffic. Also noted as an issue is
existing gaps in pedestrian paths or sidewalks
on the major and minor arterial roadways
throughout the City.
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Fehr & Peers Page 18
The City of Saratoga prepared an Open
Space and Conservation Element in 2007.
This document identified existing and
proposed trails throughout the City. The
existing trails are shown on Figure 6. Both
pedestrians and bicyclists can use existing
paved trails, like those on Fruitvale Avenue.
Equestrians currently use the existing trail
system for recreation purposes. The majority
of horseback riding occurs in the western
hills of the City near Pierce Road with some
activity in other areas including Sobey Road
and south of SR 9.
Rail Service
The City is currently served by a single rail
line that extends generally parallel to SR 85
between Prospect Road and Quito Road. The
rail line crosses six streets in Saratoga with
one grade-separation (Saratoga Road), four
at-grade crossings with gates (Prospect Road,
Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road, Glen Brae Drive
and Quito Road), and one at-grade crossing
with lights but no gates (Cox Avenue).
The railroad is currently operated by Union
Pacific Company and is only used by the
Lehigh Permanente Quarry and Cement Plant
(formerly Kaiser-Permanente). Trains run
between Milpitas and the Quarry on
Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays at 9:00
am, and the trains return at around 2:00 pm.
Trains do not stop within the City and do not
substantially impact vehicular traffic.
73
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Revised May 2010
Arr
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Figure 5 Existing Bicycle Facilities
Bicycle Lanes (Class II Facilities)
Bicycle Routes (Class III Facilities)
Expressway Segments (Bicycles Permitted)
Bicycle Paths (Class I Facilities) - See Existing Trail Easements Bicycle Lanes/Routes (Class II/III Facilities)
Note: On most sections of Saratoga-Los Gatos Rd. includes bike
lanes. On intermittent segments, current striping does not meet
Caltrans standards for bike lanes and these sections are
technically considered bike routes, even though the shoulder
width provides sufficient room for bicyclists to travel.
Note:
Based on city designation, some
facilities do not include signage
or adequate bike lane width.
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway ElementCity of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
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City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
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Fehr & Peers Page 20
III. OTHER CIRCULATION ISSUES
In addition to the transportation facilities and
services described in Chapter II, the
circulation-related issues in this chapter will
be used to formulate policies in the
Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
update.
Traffic Calming
As noted in Chapter II, some local streets
have experienced increases in traffic
resulting from changes in travel patterns and
overall changes in regional through traffic
throughout Santa Clara County. Other
problems such as speeding on residential
streets and those near schools are also
potential candidate streets for calming
measures. Traffic calming measures are the
focal point of overall neighborhood traffic
management.
Suggested Routes to School
As noted in Chapter II, the rural planning
principles employed in Saratoga include not
constructing sidewalks on many local
residential streets to reduce the amount of
impervious surface and to maintain a high
level of visual quality. Given the relatively
low traffic volumes on most streets, the
combination of pedestrian and vehicle traffic
in the roadway does not typically result in
problems. However, many parents of
elementary school-age children do not permit
their children to walk to school because of
potential vehicle-pedestrian conflicts. Painted
crosswalks at some intersections help to
delineate the desired path for students
walking between various neighborhoods and
their school.
Thus, many students are driven to and from
school, and the result is increased congestion
and delay. These factors contribute to an
increase in the vehicle-pedestrian conflict
potential, especially in the immediate vicinity
of the school. Although the school districts
have been actively participating in efforts to
increase ridesharing to reduce overall traffic
volumes at elementary schools, additional
measures will be necessary to decrease the
number of students driven to school.
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Fehr & Peers Page 21
Part of the problem may be that many parents
are unaware of route options their children
could use to get to and from school. Some
routes include streets with traffic control
devices that make drivers more aware of
other vehicular and pedestrian traffic. For
example, students crossing at a stop sign-
controlled intersection is preferable over
crossing at an uncontrolled location.
The four elementary school districts in
Saratoga (Saratoga Union, Cupertino Union,
Campbell Union, and Moreland) and the
various private schools have not formally
adopted a Suggested Routes to School
Program. This program would help parents
identify appropriate travel paths for student
pedestrians and bicyclists. Implementation of
such a program could also help to reduce
vehicle trip generation at most school
locations and through neighborhoods.
Although the district would likely establish
and maintain such a program, the City would
be an effective partner in preparing the
inventory of traffic control devices and
streets.
Parking
Parking is typically considered a separate
issue from overall circulation. However, the
presence of on-street parking has a direct
effect on roadway capacity. In addition, off-
street parking deficiencies can cause vehicles
to re-circulate on public streets, increasing
traffic volumes and congestion by reducing
capacity for through traffic.
Saratoga’s zoning ordinance includes parking
requirements to ensure that adequate
numbers of spaces are provided on-site for
most uses, as well as minimum stall
dimensions that are consistent with current
standards for other jurisdictions. These
regulations apply to all new developments
and may be applied to existing uses that are
modified or expanded.
Valet parking is provided at two restaurants
on Big Basin Way (SR 9) in the Village area.
At peak times, parking demand exceeds the
available number of on-street and off-street
spaces in the immediate vicinity of these
establishments. The valet service is provided
for La Fondue and the Plumed Horse on Big
Basin Way past 4th Street. This is one method
of maximizing the use of available parking
and reducing conflicts with street traffic.
Transportation Demand
Management Programs
Transportation Demand Management (TDM)
programs are designed to reduce the number
of vehicle trips and the amount of peak
period traffic by encouraging employees to
use modes other than the single-occupant
automobile for transportation to and from the
workplace and to travel during non-peak
times. Typical TDM components include:
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Fehr & Peers Page 22
• On-site TDM coordinator
• Carpool/vanpool match program and
preferential parking for
carpools/vanpools
• Secure bicycle storage facilities
• On-site shower facilities
• Flex-time (i.e., staggered hours that
begin and/or end outside the peak
commute hours)
• Alternative work schedules (e.g., 9/80
schedule)
• Provisions for telecommuting
• Shuttle bus service
• Guaranteed ride home program
• Cash incentives/Transit subsidies/On
site transit pass sales
• Education programs
The City does not have adopted policies or
implementation programs regarding specific
TDM measures. Recent court decisions have
restricted the methods by which jurisdictions
can require TDM measures for
developments. Typically, TDM measures are
included as part of a project through the
development agreement process for new
projects or through approval of use permit
modifications for existing developments. The
City strongly supports methods that decrease
the overall vehicle travel demand and
encourages residents and employees to
maximize the use of TDM measures.
Transportation Impact Analysis
(TIA) Reports
The City requires some new development
and redevelopment projects to prepare a
transportation impact analysis (TIA) to
evaluate the effect of these projects on the
current transportation system. City staff has
the discretion to require focused studies
regarding access, sight distance, and other
operational and safety issues, in addition to
or in lieu of roadway/intersection capacity
analysis.
To the extent possible, the analysis of
transportation impacts should be consistent
with the criteria maintained by the VTA, the
regional planning agency for Santa Clara
County. Impact criteria for freeways,
intersections, and alternative modes are
published in the VTA’s guidelines for impact
analyses. For developments that cause
significant and unavoidable impacts, the City
should use its discretionary approval process
to determine whether the project would
provide a clear and overall benefit to
Saratoga.
The TIA process allows the City to request
specific improvements from private
developers based on the relative impact of
the project.
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Fehr & Peers Page 23
IV. SCENIC HIGHWAYS AND CORRIDORS
Background
The undulating terrain and extensive natural
and cultivated foliage in and around
Saratoga provide scenic drives throughout
the City. As development in the hillside
areas has increased, the City has employed
strict policies to preserve the natural beauty
of the mountains. In addition, many of the
City’s collector and local streets are very
attractive. A scenic highway provides the
motorist with a continuous, varied visual
experience. Scenic highways are selected by
how pleasing the field of vision is for
touring vehicles.
Roadways can be officially designated as
“scenic” through either the State Scenic
Highways program or through the Santa
Clara County Scenic Highways program.
The State Scenic Highway Element’s
legislative authority was passed into State
law on April 16, 1971. Saratoga originally
adopted its Scenic Highways Element in
1974. The most recent Guidelines for the
Official Designation of Scenic Highways
was updated by Caltrans in March 1996.
The purpose of the element is to inventory
scenic corridors and to develop plans to
protect them. The Master Plan for Scenic
Highways identifies those highways that are
eligible for official designation as State
Scenic Highways. Eligible highways can
only become officially designated by the
State after the local jurisdiction has adopted
and implemented a plan to protect and
enhance the scenic corridor. A detailed list
of current officially designated State
highways and eligible routes is maintained
by Caltrans and is available on its web site
(www.dot.ca.gov).
County roadways may be designated County
Scenic Highways and are protected by the
Santa Clara County zoning ordinance which
requires 100-foot setbacks for buildings and
structures along the scenic route. The
County Board of Supervisors, on advice
from the State Department of
Transportation, designates those roads that
qualify as officially designated County
Scenic Highways.
Existing Scenic Corridors
Currently, SR 9 is officially designated as a
State Scenic Highway Corridor from the Los
Gatos city limit (east of Saratoga), through
the Village, to SR 35/Skyline Boulevard at
the Santa Cruz County Line (i.e., at Saratoga
Gap).
Based on the section 3.30.050 of the Santa
Clara County Municipal Code, five roadway
segments are currently designated as County
Scenic Roadways:
• Skyline Boulevard (Saratoga Gap to
Loma Prieta)
• Congress Springs Road (Saratoga
Gap to the Saratoga City limit)
• Bohlman Road/Montevian Road
• Mt Eden Road
• Sanborn Road
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City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
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Fehr & Peers Page 24
V. FUTURE CONDITIONS
The City of Saratoga is essentially built out
with the majority of vacant parcels located
in the western and southern hillside areas.
These areas are typically zoned for single-
family residential development at low
densities. Some redevelopment in the City is
projected, however, the commercial areas
are generally well-established and
substantial traffic growth from land uses in
the City is expected to be limited. The
majority of increases in traffic volumes is
expected to result from increased through
traffic; that is, vehicles that do not have an
origin or destination in Saratoga.
Future Traffic Volumes
Future traffic volumes for the major streets
in Saratoga were developed based on
forecasts from the Countywide
transportation demand model maintained by
the Santa Clara Valley Transportation
Authority (VTA). The countywide model
includes a roadway network of the major
streets and highways in the County plus land
use aggregated for specific geographic areas.
Models representing 2005 and 2030
roadways and land uses were utilized for
this analysis. The land use assumptions are
based on forecasts prepared by the
Association of Bay Area Governments
(ABAG) and approved by each City. A
review of the land use inputs show that the
total population increase between 2005 and
2030 is approximately 2,400 persons, while
the total number of jobs in the City is
expected to increase by approximately 950
during this period.
2005 and 2030 traffic volumes on selected
roadway segments in the City of Saratoga
were compared to calculate an annual
compounded growth factor. Based on this
analysis an annual growth factor of 1.2
percent was applied to the existing volumes
in Table 2 to estimate future year 2030
traffic volumes for the study roadway
segments.
Future Traffic Operations
The final future year traffic volumes were
then compared to theoretical capacities to
estimate roadway operations in 2030,
assuming no new roadway improvements in
the City. A summary of the projected 2030
levels of service is presented in Table 4.
The results in Table 4 show that six of the
eighteen study roadway segments will
operate near or at capacity on a daily basis.
The six areas of congestion include:
• Saratoga Avenue between Lawrence
Expressway and Cox Avenue
• Saratoga Avenue between Cox Avenue
and SR 85
• Saratoga Avenue between SR 85 and
Fruitvale Avenue
• Saratoga Avenue between Fruitvale
Avenue and Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road
• Quito Road between Saratoga Avenue
and Allendale Avenue
• Quito Road between Allendale Avenue
and Saratoga-Los Gatos Road
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City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
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Fehr & Peers Page 25
TABLE 4
Year 2030 Roadway Segment Levels of Service1
(Assumes No New Roadway Capacity Improvements)
Roadway Segment
Projected
Year 2030
Volume1
Roadway
Type
Number
of Lanes LOS
Prospect Road
(Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road to Miller Avenue) 20,700 Major Arterial 4 D
Prospect Road
(Miller Avenue to Lawrence Expressway) 23,300 Major Arterial 4 D
Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road
(Prospect Road to Cox Avenue) 33,200 Major Arterial 4 D
Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road
(Cox Avenue to Saratoga Avenue) 22,300 Major Arterial 4 D
Pierce Road
(Surrey Lane to Comer Dr.) 3,800 Collector 2 B
Cox Avenue
(Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road to Saratoga Avenue) 13,300 Minor Arterial 2 D
Saratoga Avenue
(Lawrence Expressway To Cox Avenue) 40,500 Major Arterial 4 F
Saratoga Avenue
(Cox Avenue to SR 85) 46,900 Major Arterial 4 F
Saratoga Avenue
(SR 85 to Fruitvale Avenue) 41,700 Minor Arterial 4 F
Saratoga Avenue
(Fruitvale Avenue to Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road) 21,000 Minor Arterial 2 F
Big Basin Way
(Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road to Pierce Road) 8,000 Minor Arterial 2 C
Fruitvale Avenue
(Saratoga Avenue to Allendale Avenue) 25,300 Minor Arterial 4 D
Fruitvale Avenue
(Allendale Avenue to Saratoga-Los Gatos Road) 10,800 Minor Arterial 4 C
Allendale Avenue
(Fruitvale Avenue to Quito Road) 9,700 Collector 2 D
Quito Road
(Saratoga Avenue to Allendale Avenue) 22,600 Major Arterial 2 F
Quito Road
(Allendale Avenue to Saratoga-Los Gatos Road) 17,500 Minor Arterial 2 E
Saratoga-Los Gatos Road
(Saratoga Avenue to Fruitvale Avenue) 16,500 Major Arterial 4 D
Saratoga-Los Gatos Road
(Fruitvale Avenue to Quito Road) 20,400 Major Arterial 4 D
Note: 1 Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume based on traffic counts collected November 2006 and February
2010.
2 Level of Service (LOS) based on roadway capacities defined in the technical appendix.
Source: Fehr & Peers, March 2010.
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The City’s policy is to generally maintain a
minimum of Level of Service (LOS) D
operations at all signalized street
intersections and roadway segments that are
under City jurisdiction. However, in some
cases it may not be practical or feasible to
implement improvements to maintain LOS
D operations. In those cases, the City may
consider accepting a lower level of service.
In the case of the six segments noted above,
for example, the City has determined that no
practical and feasible improvements can be
implemented to lessen or avoid the lower
levels of service because of right-of-way and
funding constraints. In addition, vehicle
capacity enhancements, such as roadway
widening or adding turn lanes at
intersections, would conflict with existing or
planned bicycle, pedestrian, or transit
facilities and service on roadways including
Saratoga Avenue and Quito Road. For these
reasons these segments will be allowed to
operate at LOS F. Intersections and
roadways located in the Santa Clara County
Congestion Management Program are held
to a LOS E standard.
Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled
A performance measure used to quantify the
amount of city- or region-wide travel is
vehicle miles traveled (VMT). VMT is a
useful performance measure, since the
amount of travel and conditions under which
the travel occurs directly relate to how much
fuel vehicles burn.1 One combusted gallon
of gas from a vehicle is equal to
approximately 24 pounds of carbon dioxide.
Given today’s average fuel mileage of
vehicles (i.e., approximately 22 miles per
1 Conditions influencing the amount of fuel consumed
per VMT include the speed of travel, congestion stops
and starts, length of trip, layover between trips, and
the vehicle type and fuel economy.
gallon), one mile of travel equates to about
one pound of carbon dioxide. As a result,
increases in VMT directly cause increases in
greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution.
VMT measurement has one primary
limitation: it is not directly observed.
Methods do not exist that can measure the
trip distances of all vehicles on a given day.
VMT is typically an output of a calculation
– one based on the number of vehicle trips
multiplied by the distance traveled by each
car. The volume and distance of traffic
depends on land use types, density/intensity,
and patterns as well as the supporting
transportation system.
Two key data sources for information on
land use and travel patterns in Saratoga and
Santa Clara County were used to estimate
VMT under existing and 2030 conditions for
the City: the land use projections from
ABAG and the Countywide transportation
demand model maintained by the Santa
Clara Valley Transportation Authority
(VTA). The 2007 land use projections from
ABAG2 were used to determine the number
of vehicle trips generated by each land use
type. ABAG projections were also compared
to those in the VTA model, which showed
that the number of residential units
compared within 0.5% and the number of
employees compared within 4%, or 350
jobs. Average trip lengths were developed
for each trip purpose (work, school,
recreation, etc.) based on the Metropolitan
Transportation Commissions Bay Area
Travel Survey (2000) and local information.
The VTA model was used to determine the
number of trips that are internal to the City
of Saratoga (i.e., those that both start and
end within the City boundaries). The
resulting VMT estimates were calculated for
2 2007 ABAG land use projections are the most recent
approved.
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existing and 2030 conditions, as summarized
in Table 5.
As shown in Table 5, VMT increases
between 2007 and 2030, by approximately
60,000 vehicle-miles, or 6.9% over 2007
conditions. This increase seems reasonable,
when compared to the 8% increase in
residential units and 13% increase in
employment based on ABAG projections
between 2007 and 2030. Additionally, VMT
per service population (resident population
plus employment) was calculated to show
the change in VMT relative to the projected
land use growth. VMT per service
population is similar to VMT per capita, but
service population also accounts for
employment within the City, which
contributes to VMT generated. VMT per
service population is projected to decrease
by 0.5 vehicle-miles, which means that the
VMT generated by the City is growing at a
lesser rate than the land use growth and that
the greenhouse gas emissions per service
population from VMT are decreasing
slightly with the future increases in land use.
TABLE 5
Existing and Future Vehicle Miles of
Travel (VMT)
Performance
Indicator 2007
2030
Change
(2030 –
2007)
VMT 877,819 938,000 +60,181
VMT per
Service
Population1
22.8 22.3 -0.5
Notes:
1 Service population is defined as resident
population plus employment.
Source: Fehr & Peers, March 2010. VMT
calculations based on ABAG 2007 and 2030 land
use projections for the City of Saratoga’s Sphere of
Influence.
Potential Roadway Improvements
In general, the increase in traffic on Saratoga
streets will primarily consist of through
traffic since the City is essentially built out.
However, additional capacity will be
required to maintain acceptable traffic
operations or to minimize delays to the
extent possible at locations with excessive
congestion.
When considering roadway widening the
City will balance the needs of all roadway
users (vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians, and
transit) while maximizing the use of the
existing infrastructure and systems.
Intersections typically represent the
constraints points in roadway operations,
since they determine the flow of traffic on a
roadway. As noted previously, congested
daily operations can indicate that overall
traffic demand meets or exceeds the capacity
of a given segment. Therefore, peak-hour
intersection operations and potential
intersection improvements should be
evaluated prior to recommending widening
of roadway segments. This will allow the
City to maximize the use of existing
infrastructure while balancing the needs of
all roadway users.
To provide the opportunity for future
roadway capacity and freeway access, the
City should establish a policy to limit any
development that could encroach on future
interchange footprints at both the Prospect
Road and Quito Road overcrossings.
However, the City and the VTA do not
anticipate land use changes to necessitate the
construction of additional interchanges on
SR 85.
More detailed analysis and Citywide
approval will be required to determine the
specific environmental and traffic impacts of
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any new freeway access. Extensive public
and environmental review would be
required. Based on the process used for
approval of the Saratoga Avenue
interchange, the addition of any new
interchange should require a Citywide vote
for approval. While provision of additional
ramps would reduce traffic at and near the
Saratoga Avenue interchange, traffic
congestion is expected to increase at
intersections near any new interchange.
Roadway Functional Classification
Roadway functional classification is used to
determine appropriate traffic levels for
streets and highways, as well as the
appropriate fronting land uses. In addition,
roadway classifications are used to
determine the applicability of traffic calming
devices. The City will maintain the current
roadway classification system as shown in
Figure 2. However, in the future the City
will evaluate its roadway classification
system as roadway volumes, multi-modal
access, and fronting land uses change.
Truck Traffic
As noted previously, truck traffic is not
considered to be an existing problem in the
City of Saratoga. Even with increased
through traffic on City streets, the number of
trucks without a destination or origin in the
City traffic is not expected to increase
substantially. Additional development
within Saratoga is expected to be limited
given the fact that the City is mostly built
out. Low volumes of truck traffic will be
generated by the construction of new single-
family homes or the limited redevelopment
of other areas. This traffic is expected to
have a negligible effect on overall Citywide
circulation.
SR 9 west of Saratoga is not conducive to
truck travel because of its design, and large
trucks are not permitted on SR 85. Article 9-
40 of the City’s Ordinance currently
identifies designated routes for trucks that
do not make local deliveries or pick-ups (see
Figure C-3). Truck routes should include
City streets that do not have front-on
housing, are not designated as a heritage
lane, or have design features that do not
favor the movement of large trucks (e.g.,
sharp curves, narrow travel lanes). Although
Saratoga Avenue between Fruitvale Avenue
and SR 9 would not typically be included
based on some of the aforementioned
criteria, no alternative routes exist that are
considered feasible because of the adjacent
neighborhoods, narrower lane widths,
overhead landscaping, and circuitous paths.
Because it provides direct connectivity
through the City, it is therefore included as a
truck route. Given their connectivity
between communities, the State Highway
segments are considered to be designated
truck routes.
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Improvements to Other Travel
Modes
Similar to the rest of the Bay Area,
increasing traffic volumes and the limited
opportunities for expanding roadway
capacity in Saratoga will increase the
demand on alternative travel modes.
Potential improvements to each mode are
discussed below.
Transit
The Santa Clara Valley Transportation
Authority (VTA) controls fixed route bus
service in the City of Saratoga. In addition
to making service changes to accommodate
near-term demand, the VTA does long-range
planning to determine future service needs.
Recent reductions in service due to budget
constraints have reduced the attractiveness
of transit as a viable alternative to private
vehicle use and have negatively affected
transit-dependent individuals.
The City of Saratoga can help improve
transit service by requiring development
projects to install bus turnouts, sidewalks,
and other transit amenities in areas that may
be served by transit. In addition,
encouraging higher density development in
the vicinity of key transit stops such as West
Valley College will further expand travel
opportunities for residents and employers in
the City.
Input from community members, as well as
parents of school students, indicates that
residents are also interested in improved
local transit service within Saratoga. A local
shuttle system would allow residents to
travel to key destinations (i.e., shopping
centers, schools, commercial areas) without
increasing traffic. School traffic is a major
generator, especially during the AM peak
period. The City should actively pursue a
study to assess the feasibility of such a
system in concert with the business
community and school districts.
Access to the VTA’s light rail system is
provided at the Vasona station just west of
Winchester Boulevard and north of SR 85 in
the Town of Los Gatos. This light rail
extension has a negligible impact on transit
service in Saratoga given the distance
between the station and the city, and the fact
that many patrons need to drive to the
station. A greater impact would occur with
provision of light rail service in the SR 85
corridor through the City. The freeway was
constructed to accommodate light rail tracks
in the center median as part of a future
extension. However, the VTA does not have
any plans to extend light rail in the SR 85
corridor through the City in the foreseeable
future. In general, the City of Saratoga will
continue to implement policies and actions
that support local and regional transit access.
Bicycle Facilities
The City’s Proposed Bicycle Network (June
1995) identified a series of new bicycle
facilities to complete the Citywide bicycle
system. The new facilities in this document
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included both bicycle lanes and bicycle
route designations. Three roadway cross-
sections were included for specific street
segments that meet current Caltrans
standards and Valley Transportation
Authority guidelines. However, no detailed
design standards for all Class I (paths), Class
II (lanes), or Class III (routes) facilities were
described or adopted.
Field reviews conducted in 1999 showed
that, in some cases, bicycle lanes proposed
in 1995 could not be accommodated without
substantial right-of-way acquisition, or
elimination of on-street parking in areas
with continuous front-on housing.
A revised set of proposed facilities was
prepared based on previously published
information and recent field data. The key
new facilities include:
• UPRR Multi-Use Path – A multi-use
path in the Union Pacific Railroad
corridor that will ultimately link the
City of Cupertino to the Town of Los
Gatos. The portion of the multi-use
path between Saratoga-Sunnyvale
Road and Saratoga Avenue is
currently under construction and
should be completed by the end of
2010.
• Pierce Road Multi-Use Path (Mount
Eden Road to Highway 9/Congress
Springs Road) – A future multi-use
path west of and parallel to Pierce
Road would link the proposed bike
path to the multi-use path on
Highway 9/Congress Springs Road.
• Highway 9/Congress Springs Road
(west of Toll Gate Road) – The
future multi-use path would extend
south of and parallel to Highway
9/Congress Springs Road and would
provide an east-west connection
along Highway 9 to the west of the
Village.
• Fruitvale Avenue Bike Lanes
(Saratoga Avenue to Burgundy Way)
– This segment is recommended for
bike lanes. The width of this
roadway segment could
accommodate bicycle lanes by
reducing the width of existing travel
lanes.
• Allendale Avenue Lanes (Fruitvale
Avenue to Vasona Creek) – The
width of this roadway segment could
accommodate bicycle lanes by
reducing the width of existing travel
lanes.
• Highway 9/Saratoga-Los Gatos
Road – The City will work with
Caltrans to modify the existing
striping to provide continuous bike
lanes through the City of Saratoga.
• Scotland Drive and Cumberland
Drive Route (Saratoga Avenue to
Cox Avenue) – This route is
recommended to provide an
additional north-south bicycle
facility until the UPRR multi-use
path is constructed. This route also
provides an alternate travel path for
inexperienced bicyclists who want to
avoid the SR 85/Saratoga Avenue
interchange.
• Pierce Road (Surrey Lane to Mt.
Eden Road) – This future route is
recommended to provide an east-
west bicycle facility in the Saratoga
Hill’s area of the City and would
connect to the future Class I bike
trail parallel to Pierce Road between
Mt. Eden Road and Highway 9.
• Highway 9/Big Basin Way (4th Street
to Toll Gate Road) – This future
route is recommended to provide an
additional east-west bicycle facility
on Highway 9 that provides access to
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the village area and connect to points
west. The bike route would connect
to the future Class I bike trail parallel
to Highway 9/Congress Spring Road
west of Toll Gate Road.
To ensure consistent implementation of the
proposed facilities, the City should formally
adopt a set of design guidelines for bicycle
facilities. The VTA has prepared a set of
technical guidelines for bicycle facilities and
services to be used by local agencies in
Santa Clara County. All existing facilities
should be upgraded to include appropriate
signage and pavement markings and
modified to meet minimum design standards
based on these guidelines. For example, the
travel lanes on Fruitvale Avenue between
Saratoga Avenue and Burgundy Way should
be re-striped to provide adequate bicycle
lane width so that riders do not have to
travel in the drain path parallel to the rolled
curb. The City should prepare a Bicycle
Master Plan (BMP) that includes all of the
proposed facilities and design standards. A
formal BMP document substantially
improves the City’s opportunities for
obtaining State funds for bicycle
improvements.
Pedestrian Facilities/Trails
As noted previously, most collector and
local streets in Saratoga do not have
sidewalks, which is in keeping with the rural
planning principles maintained by the City
for many years. On most minor streets,
pedestrians are required to share the
roadway with vehicles, which is not
typically a problem since traffic volumes are
relatively low and travel speeds are usually
less than 30 miles per hour. However, a lack
of sidewalks in the immediate vicinity of
schools can be a problem during peak traffic
demand in the morning and afternoon.
A review of all existing major and minor
arterial roadways showed that several
segments have gaps in sidewalks or separate
pedestrian paths. These segments include
portions of Prospect Road, Cox Avenue,
Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road, Saratoga
Avenue, Allendale Avenue, Fruitvale
Avenue, Quito Road, and Saratoga-Los
Gatos Road (SR 9). While pedestrians
sharing the roadway with vehicles can be
accommodated on local streets, pedestrians
should not enter the traveled way of roads
where traffic volumes and travel speeds are
substantially higher. These gaps should be
closed to improve pedestrian travel and
safety. Enhanced pedestrian access will
provide an alternative to automobile travel
and will improve access to available transit
facilities and services.
The City completed a comprehensive study
of multi-use and pedestrian trails as part of a
2007 Open Space and Conservation
Element. The plan included existing trail
easements (both developed and
undeveloped) as well as the location of
proposed trails. The current plan links the
population centers in Saratoga to the great
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scenic and open space resources available in
the Santa Cruz Mountains. Although a
primary function of the trail system is to
provide recreational opportunities, trail links
to sidewalks and low volume streets will
provide a travel alternative for other
purposes including shopping, school, and
employment trips. The City should ensure
implementation of the proposed trail system.
Suggested Routes to Schools
Directly related to pedestrian and bicycle
travel is the issue of students traveling
between their home and school. Although
students in Saratoga are permitted to attend
any school within their district, the majority
of students attend their neighborhood
school. In many instances students live less
than a mile from school, which is a
reasonable distance to walk or bike to
school. However, most local and collector
streets do not include sidewalks except in
the immediate vicinity of each school. Based
on this information and recent studies at
several area schools, many Saratoga students
are driven to school for two reasons: 1) their
residence is located beyond a reasonable
walking distance, especially for students in
the western and southern hills, and 2)
parents perceive that the pedestrian and
bicycle routes to school are dangerous
because students must share the road with
vehicular traffic.
Although school districts have the most
direct contact with parents and students, the
City of Saratoga should work with each
district to ensure that students are provided
with as much information as possible
regarding safe travel to and from school.
Thus, the City should work with each
district to expand the current education
efforts and prepare Suggested Route to
School maps for each campus, and a
Guidelines for Safe Walking and Bicycling
handbook. Each of these items is described
briefly below.
Suggested Route to School maps include all
bicycle and pedestrian-related facilities and
traffic control devices including: crosswalks,
traffic signals, stop signs, paved sidewalks,
and school sign installations. This type of
map should be used by parents and students
to choose the most appropriate route to
school that maximizes the use of devices
that control traffic and warn drivers of
pedestrians.
A Guidelines for Safe Walking and
Bicycling handbook is an informational
pamphlet for parents and teachers to provide
guidelines for safe pedestrian and bicycle
travel. It provides text and illustrations to
show the correct procedures for minimizing
potential conflicts with vehicles and
includes suggested activities that parents can
do with their children. A section for parents
with tips on selecting a suggested route to
school is also included. This sample booklet
should be reviewed by both the school
district and City staff and included as part of
future student education efforts. Similar to
the sample route map, the sample handbook
does not imply a guarantee of safety.
Parental education and supervision is a key
element of a child’s approach to traveling on
or near roadways.
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Each District should continue its education
programs and should encourage students to
walk and bicycle to school as appropriate.
The City should continue to pursue
opportunities to enhance pedestrian and
bicycle facilities, especially in the vicinity of
schools.
Potential Scenic Highways and
Corridors
Several roadways in or near the Saratoga
Sphere of Influence have the potential for
protection under the State and County scenic
highways programs. These facilities are
described below. Local policies and
programs to maintain scenic corridors within
the City of Saratoga are also presented.
Eligible State Highways
Besides SR 9, the only other highway that is
currently considered eligible for Scenic
Highway designation is SR 35/Skyline
Boulevard from SR 9 (at Saratoga Gap) to
the Santa Clara County-San Mateo County
line. Since the majority of views from this
segment are to the west and south, Santa
Cruz County is ultimately responsible for
developing a scenic highway program for
this segment. In San Mateo County, SR 35 is
an officially designated route.
Eligible County Roadways
Numerous corridors in the Saratoga Sphere
of Influence could be considered under the
County’s Scenic Highways protective
ordinance. However, currently no new
segments have been designated for the
County’s Scenic Highways protective
ordinance. Through the community outreach
process, the City should support designation
of such facilities to increase the aesthetics of
the surrounding area.
Local Measures to Maintain Scenic
Roadways
Arterial roadways and collector and local
streets are not eligible for the existing scenic
highway protection programs. However,
efforts to beautify these facilities contribute
to the overall aesthetic appeal of the City.
Several locations within the City have been
identified as having poor visual quality areas
because of extensive commercial
development and/or limited landscaping.
Key corridors that could be improved
include portions of Saratoga Avenue, Quito
Road, and Prospect Road. The gateway from
Cupertino into Saratoga at the Saratoga-
Sunnyvale Road/Prospect Road intersection
was recently improved to provide
landscaping and beautification.
The City of Saratoga has numerous
ordinances and procedures to require new
development projects, redevelopment
projects, and property/building
modifications to contribute to the
establishment and maintenance of scenic
corridors. These measures include:
• Parcel re-zoning
• Minimum site frontage requirements
• Subdivision requirements for
development projects to maintain
topography
• Landscaping requirements between
fences/walls and major roadways,
and on dead-end streets
• Design review of most residential
and commercial developments by the
Planning Commission
• Requirements for underground
utilities/wiring
• Special ordinances for hillside
subdivisions to provide erosion
control
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• Building structure height restrictions
• Permit requirements for tree removal
• Establishment of scenic easements in
hillside subdivisions
• Aesthetic/scenic policies in the
Hillside Specific Plan
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VII. GOALS, POLICIES AND IMPLEMENTATION MEASURES
Based on the existing features of the
transportation system in the City and the
projected future travel demand, a set of
updated goals, policies, and implementation
measures was developed for the Circulation
and Scenic Highway Element. This
information has been modified by the
Traffic Safety and Planning Commissions,
and the City Council may make further
revisions as appropriate.
Background
The existing low-density residential land use
pattern combined with a limited amount of
commercial support services, entertainment
centers, and employment centers do not
strongly support the need for a complex
transit system. However, expanded transit
service is needed to provide transportation
opportunities for all residents and is an
important alternative to automobile use. The
use and expansion of other alternative
modes, including bicycling and walking, is
another key issue for providing a
comprehensive Citywide transportation
system. This approach is consistent with
other County, regional, and statewide efforts
to increase the use of non-automobile modes
to create more sustainable communities and
reduce the amount of pollutants and
greenhouse gases emitted.
The “backbone” of the City’s roadway
network is a set of major and minor arterial
roadways that provide the link between
neighborhoods and the City’s commercial
services, and also the regional freeway
system. Local and residential collector
streets represent the rural nature of Saratoga.
The pattern and design of local streets help
to shape the image and identity of
neighborhoods, influence perceived safety,
change communication between neighbors,
and increase the attractiveness of alternative
modes. The Circulation Element was
updated to further protect local
neighborhoods and to set forth policies that
will enhance travel throughout the City. The
goals, policies and implementation measures
begin on the following page.
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CIRCULATION AND SCENIC HIGHWAY ELEMENT (CI)
A circulation element consisting of the general location and extent of existing and proposed
major thoroughfares transportation routes, terminals, and other local public utilities and
facilities, all correlated with the land use element of the plan.
A scenic highway element for the development, establishment, and protection of scenic
highways pursuant to the provisions of Article 2.5 commencing with Section 260 of Chapter 2
of Division 1 of the Streets and Highways Code.
OVERALL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
Goal
CI.1 Provide a balanced, multi-modal transportation system in Saratoga to maintain
mobility for all segments of the community and to maintain the City’s small town
character.
Policies
CI-Policy-1.1 The City shall encourage and participate in the implementation of a
variety of modes of transport to serve Saratoga.
CI-Policy-1.2 Encourage development of inter-regionally based cooperation to support
local and regional transportation solution and improvements.
STREET SYSTEM AND STANDARDS OF SERVICE
Goals
CI.2a Facilitate the safe movement of vehicular traffic within and through the City,
taking into consideration the environmental, historical, and residential integrity of
the City to maximize benefits and minimize adverse impacts and costs.
CI.2b For traffic management and street design, balance the efficiency of vehicular
traffic with the safety and livability of residential areas.
CI.2c Strive to establish a transportation system of streets that accommodates all travel
modes and users within the street right-of-way to the maximum extent possible.
Policies
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CI-Policy-2.1 Make efficient use of existing transportation facilities and strive to reduce
the total number of vehicle miles traveled through the arrangement of land
uses, improved facilities for non-automobile modes, and enhanced
integration of various transportation systems.
CI-Policy-2.2 Maintain and develop a City-wide street system that manages vehicular
access, but also provides for emergency access.
CI-Policy-2.3 Maintain a minimum of Level of Service (LOS) D operations standard at
all signalized street intersections and roadway segments that are under
City jurisdiction except for intersections and roadways included in the
Santa Clara County Congestion Management Program (which are held to a
LOS E standard), and as otherwise specified pursuant to Policy 2.4.
CI-Policy-2.4 Accept Level of Service E or F operations on City-maintained roadways
after finding that: 1) no practical and feasible improvements can be
implemented to mitigate the lower levels of service, or 2) vehicle capacity
enhancements would conflict with existing or planned bicycle, pedestrian,
or transit facilities and services. A proposed development that exacerbates
LOS E or F operations and causes a significant intersection impact should
also be considered for approval if it will provide a clear, overall benefit to
the City (e.g., library expansion or relocation, new community center).
CI-Policy-2.5 Ensure that new development or redevelopment projects provide adequate
property dedication to accommodate future roadway and multi-modal
access improvements at key intersections and other potential conflict
areas.
CI-Policy-2.6 Efficiently manage traffic flow on major and minor arterial roadways to
discourage through traffic in residential neighborhoods.
CI-Policy-2.7 Align and design collector streets to minimize adverse impacts on the
character of residential neighborhoods through which they pass, while
functioning efficiently to collect and distribute traffic.
CI-Policy-2.8 Design new local streets to reduce travel distance, promote alternative
modes, and provide a more even distribution of traffic.
CI-Policy-2.9 Establish the primary access for major traffic generators on arterial
roadways and design overall access to minimize traffic intrusion to
residential neighborhoods.
CI-Policy-2.10 Strive to maintain traffic volumes and speeds on collector and local streets
that are compatible with the character of the adjacent land uses, the
function of the street, and bicycle and pedestrian access.
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CI-Policy-2.11 Protect the integrity of and improve existing hillside streets by planning
future development according to existing street function.
CI-Policy-2.12 Focus future improvements on the most congested intersections to
maintain an acceptable level of mobility for all modes of transportation.
CI-Policy-2.13 Require development projects to mitigate and reduce their respective
traffic and parking impacts by implementing practical and feasible street
improvements to improve multi-modal access.
CI-Policy-2.14 Coordinate with the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA)
to comply with the Congestion Management Program (CMP) Guidelines
for CMP-designated facilities. Should the CMP-designated facilities
degrade below the CMP standard of Level of Service E, the City will
prepare a Deficiency Plan for the deficient facilities per the VTA’s
requirements.
Implementation Actions
CI-Action-2.1 Continue to use the Capital Improvement Program to project and
implement needed improvements to the street system.
CI-Action-2.2 Implement roadway and signal timing modifications to improve operations
and enhance safety (e.g., lengthen turn pockets, adjust left-turn phases,
widen lanes).
CI-Action-2.3 Establish street and driveway accessibility requirements for all streets
designated as a major or minor arterial roadway as shown on Figure C-2.
Ensure that driveway or street access does not substantially impede arterial
traffic flow as part of the City review process for individual development
projects.
CI-Action-2.4 Install coordinated signal systems on all major arterial roadways in the
City to improve traffic flow as appropriate. Funding should be obtained
from all available City, County, State and Federal funding sources, and
developer contributions.
CI-Action-2.5 Evaluate the need for upgrading or enhancing intersection control (e.g.,
signalization, stop signs) at existing intersections on arterial roadways and
collector streets to improve overall access and circulation.
CI-Action-2.6 Install traffic signals to serve existing and projected traffic demand,
provide acceptable traffic operations issues, and enhance pedestrian safety.
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CI-Action-2.7 Require a transportation analysis for all development projects resulting in
25 or more net new peak-hour trips. As appropriate, the analysis shall
identify potential impacts to intersection and roadway operations, project
access, and alternative travel modes, and shall identify feasible
improvements or project modifications to reduce or eliminate impacts.
City staff shall have the discretion to only require focused studies
regarding access, sight distance, and other operational and safety issues, or
to require detailed studies that generate fewer peak hour trips.
CI-Action-2.8 Evaluate development proposals and design roadway improvements based
on established Level of Service standards without negatively affecting
travel by other modes..
CI-Action-2.9 Require that roadway improvements identified as mitigation measures for
development projects be in place prior to issuance of occupancy permits.
CI-Action-2.10 Require new development or redevelopment projects to dedicate property
to accommodate needed roadway improvements.
CI-Action-2.11 Identify potential capacity improvements and access modifications to
maintain adequate circulation in the vicinity of the Civic Center, West
Valley College, Redwood Middle School, the Public Library, St. Andrews
School and Sacred Heart.
CI-Action-2.12 Consider paying for improvement costs to serve a development project, as
appropriate, where the City’s economic development interests may be
served.
CI-Action-2.13 Continue to address neighborhood traffic management issues through
public review and input provided by the Traffic Safety Commission.
CI-Action-2.14 Design local streets to carry low traffic volumes at low speeds and to
function safely while minimizing the need for traffic control devices or
enforcement. Physical features should include gentle curves, changes of
grade, narrow widths, short lengths, and T-intersections where feasible.
CI-Action-2.15 Design streets to minimize impacts to topography, riparian habitats and
wildlife corridors.
CI-Action-2.16 Implement the action programs identified in the Hillside Specific Plan to
provide adequate vehicular access consistent with CI-Policy-2.11. Where
feasible, improvements will include widening of travel lanes, increasing
vertical clearance, installing additional signs, and providing new pavement
overlays to improve safety.
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TRUCK TRANSPORTATION
Goal
CI.3 Limit the intrusion of commercial truck traffic on streets within the City.
Policies
CI-Policy-3.1 Require trucks to only use the designated routes shown on Figure C-3
unless making a local delivery.
CI-Policy-3.2 Encourage or require deliveries to be made during off-peak periods (i.e.,
outside the morning and evening commute periods), especially in areas
where intersections or roadways operate at LOS E or F during the peak
periods.
Implementation Actions
CI-Action-3.1 Continue to strictly enforce the truck route ordinance by citing violators.
CI-Action-3.2 Require as part of project approval for new projects with regular truck
deliveries that such deliveries be made outside the typical peak commute
travel periods (e.g., 7:00 am to 9:00 am and 4:00 pm to 6:00 pm) as
appropriate.
CI-Action-3.3 Establish and maintain reserved commercial truck loading zones on public
streets in appropriate areas such as the Village. Time limits for designated
loading areas may be established to allow public on-street parking in
loading zones at other times.
CI-Action-3.4 Require new or redevelopment projects to provide on-site truck loading
areas except for areas such as the Village with small commercial lots.
Enforcement will be provided by the Sheriff’s Department similar to other
on-street parking areas in the City.
TRANSIT
Goals
CI.4a Promote local and regional transit as a viable alternative to automobile travel for
destinations within and outside the City.
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CI.4b Promote the use of non-automobile modes of transportation by improving the
capacity, safety, accessibility, and convenience of existing and planned transit,
bicycle and pedestrian systems.
Policies
CI-Policy-4.1 Coordinate with the Valley Transportation Authority to increase service
range and frequency within the City as appropriate. Existing service is
illustrated on Figure C-4.
CI-Policy-4.2 Install transit improvements to improve service, increase safety, and
maintain traffic flow on streets serving as transit routes.
CI-Policy-4.3 Encourage the public school districts, private schools, recreation groups or
other operators to develop a local bus system and to expand ride-sharing
activities that will help to reduce school-generated vehicle traffic in
neighborhoods and on City streets. Bussing should be the first measure
considered to reduce school-generated traffic before substantial roadway
capacity enhancements are implemented.
CI-Policy-4.4 Investigate the feasibility of a local shuttle service within Saratoga to
reduce local traffic volumes on City streets and overall parking demand.
The feasibility study shall identify potential routes and funding sources.
Implementation Actions
CI-Action-4.1 Require development projects to dedicate right-of-way for purposes of
constructing bus turnouts and/or bus shelter pads on major and minor
arterial roadways as appropriate.
CI-Action-4.2 In coordination with the VTA, provide seating and shaded waiting areas at
transit stops, with stop locations near entrances of buildings to encourage
ridership.
CI-Action-4.3 Coordinate with the Valley Transportation Authority to provide new fixed
route or shuttle service in underserved areas (e.g., Cox Avenue).
CI-Action-4.4 Improve the links of local transportation systems and alternatives such as
bicycling and walking with private and public regional transit such as bus
transit, light rail, and CalTrain. Bicycle and pedestrian improvements
should be funded as Capital Improvement Program projects or through
private development projects to further encourage the use of transit.
CI-Action-4.5 Provide information to the public on available alternative transportation
choices and routes.
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CI-Action-4.6 Encourage local businesses to provide employees with transit passes or
other financial incentives to use transit to commute to and from the
workplace.
CI-Action-4.7 Recommend potential stop locations for local school bus service and
provide minor street and landscaping improvements as appropriate.
CI-Action-4.8 Commission a feasibility study of local shuttle service within Saratoga.
Funding for the study should be obtained from federal and state
grants/sources and private development projects.
BICYCLE, PEDESTRIAN AND EQUESTRIAN FACILITIES
Goals
CI. 5a Integrate facilities for safe bicycling, walking, and horseback riding into the
overall transportation system.
CI.5b Encourage equestrian and pedestrian trails and pathways pursuant to the Open
Space and Conservation Element along roadways in areas where safety and
aesthetics permit.
Policies
CI-Policy-5.1 Develop and maintain a comprehensive and integrated system of bikeways
that promote bicycle riding for commuting and recreation
CI-Policy-5.2 Integrate the City of Saratoga bikeways system with the bikeways system
of adjacent communities, where economically feasible.
CI-Policy-5.3 Pursue the expansion and continuation of the multi-use path along the
Union Pacific Railroad alignment (Joe’s trail) east of Saratoga Avenue and
west of Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road that will link the Stevens Creek
Recreational Trail in Cupertino with the Los Gatos Creek Trail in Los
Gatos.
CI-Policy-5.4 Pursue other potential rights-of-way such as Santa Clara Valley Water
District and utility easements for bicycle, pedestrian, and/or equestrian
trail development.
CI-Policy-5.5 Provide safe and direct pedestrian routes and bikeways between and
through residential areas linking transit centers and important community
centers such as the Village.
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CI-Policy-5.6 Improve pedestrian and bicycle access to all public and private schools to
enhance safety.
CI-Policy-5.7 Provide trails, sidewalks or separated pathways along all arterial streets
and along some collector streets in areas where needed to provide safe
pedestrian access to schools.
CI-Policy-5.8 Require adherence to the trails policies noted in the Open Space and
Conservation Element.
CI-Policy-5.9 Develop a set of practical and realistic transportation demand management
(TDM) measures that can be used by employers in the City to reduce the
number of single-occupant vehicle trips. These measures would encourage
ride-sharing and transit alternatives.
Implementation Actions
CI-Action-5.1 Update and adopt the Bikeways Master Plan to include goals and
objectives, a detailed list and map of improvements, a signage program,
detailed standards and guidelines, and an implementation program. The
Bikeways Master Plan should include the proposed facilities shown on
Figure C-5
CI-Action-5.2 Upgrade existing bikeways and designate new facilities where they can be
accommodated according to current Valley Transportation Authority
(VTA) technical guidelines (prior to adoption of City standards in the
Bikeways Master Plan). For example, travel lanes on Fruitvale Avenue
north of Burgundy Way should be restriped to provide bicycle lanes with
5-foot minimum widths or pathways.
CI-Action-5.3 Coordinate with the school districts and other entities to develop
“Suggested Route to School Plans” for all public and private schools in the
City. Plans shall identify all pedestrian and bicycle facilities, and traffic
control devices for residents to determine the most appropriate travel
route. The plans shall also identify existing easements for sidewalks.
CI-Action-5.4 Prohibit parking in designated bicycle lanes on all streets unless adequate
width is provided according to VTA guidelines or City standards.
CI-Action-5.5 Require the provision of secure bicycle parking as part of all future
development projects that include multi-family residential, commercial,
industrial, office, and institutional uses.
CI-Action-5.6 Develop a plan to review and identify additional bicycle parking locations
in the Village area.
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CI-Action-5.7 Require new development projects and redevelopment projects to dedicate
right-of-way and/or provide improvements to accommodate bicycle lanes
on streets identified on Figure C-5.
CI-Action-5.8 Require new cul-de-sac streets to accommodate bicycle and pedestrian
access between residential areas, public uses, and community areas.
CI-Action-5.9 Encourage non-residential development projects to include amenities such
as showers and lockers for employees to further encourage bicycling as an
alternative to automobile travel.
CI-Action-5.10 Increase priority of pedestrian safety projects (i.e., pedestrian street
crossings, sidewalks or pathways) as part of the Capital Improvement
Program.
CI-Action-5.11 Make bikeway improvements a funding priority by: 1) continuing to
consider financing bikeway design and construction as part of the City’s
annual construction and improvement fund; 2) incorporating bikeway
improvements as part of the Capital Improvement Program and pavement
management efforts; and 3) aggressively pursuing regional funding and
other Federal and State sources for new bikeways.
CI-Action-5.12 Update the Open Space and Conservation Element to maintain and
expand the Citywide pedestrian path system. The plan should include the
proposed trails shown on Figure C-6.
CI-Action-5.13 Assure implementation of the City's trails system by requiring trail
dedication, construction, and a method of trail maintenance pursuant to the
Open Space and Conservation Element as part of the subdivision or site
approval process.
CI-Action-5.14 Prohibit motorized vehicular traffic on trails, pathways, parks and
dedicated open space areas except for maintenance and emergency
purposes.
CI-Action-5.15 Include new sidewalk or path construction in the Capital Improvement
Program, or as part of any new development, to close gaps in pedestrian
facilities on the following arterial roadways: Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road,
Saratoga Avenue, Prospect Road, and Cox Avenue (see Figure C-6).
CI-Action-5.16 Include new sidewalk or path construction in the Capital Improvement
Program, or as part of any new development or redevelopment, to close
gaps on local and collector streets near schools.
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CI-Action-5.17 Review the need to install sidewalks and crosswalks on all City streets
within one-half mile of all public schools.
CI-Action-5.18 Review the present equestrian zones and assess their consistency
with the trails and pathways plan of the circulation element.
AESTHESTIC QUALITIES AND HERITAGE LANES
Goals
CI.6a Protect the aesthetic, historic and remaining rural qualities of Saratoga through
street design and landscaping.
CI.6b Strive for aesthetically pleasing views from all roads in Saratoga and the Sphere
of Influence.
CI.6c Encourage the preservation of the width and appearance of those roads designated
as heritage resources by the City.
Policies
CI-Policy-6.1 Identify areas of critical need for beautification and coordinate plans with
revitalization or anticipated development of areas such as City gateways.
CI-Policy-6.2 Adhere to minimum City street standards based on location, terrain,
character of areas and the anticipated function of the roadway.
CI-Policy-6.3 Permit variation of the conventional City street development standards, as
described in the City's Subdivision Ordinance, in order to preserve
environmentally sensitive roadside features where traffic safety will
permit such variations.
CI-Policy-6.4 Identify the function of a street in advance of construction, and apply
design criteria to minimize disruption to the area caused by through or
heavy vehicle traffic.
CI-Policy-6.5 Encourage the planting of trees and plan the development of landscaped
medians along major arterial roadways.
CI-Policy-6.6 Enforce ordinances to prevent the use of non-conforming roadside signs
on all roads and highways within the City, whether erected by private
individuals or business enterprises.
CI-Policy-6.7 Require increased setbacks of up to 100 feet for structures, walls or fences
to be located on lots adjacent to officially designated scenic highways
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where it is determined by the City that such increased setbacks are
necessary to preserve the scenic qualities of the highway.
CI-Policy-6.8 Require increased setbacks and landscaping for commercial and multi-
family residential structures on corner lots adjacent to arterial streets, as
required, to reduce the visual impact of such structures and to enhance the
appearance of important intersections where it is determined by the City
that such increased setbacks are necessary to preserve the scenic qualities
of the highway.
CI-Policy-6.9 Approve designs for new hillside streets that maximize the use of natural
terrain for roadbed construction and minimize “cuts and fills.”
Implementation Actions
CI-Action-6.1 Review Subdivision Ordinance street standards for adequacy and prepare
illustrations of corresponding roadway cross-sections
CI-Action-6.1 Require a sight distance analysis to ensure adequate site access for
variances from street design standards proposed by the City or by private
developers.
CI-Action-6.2 Encourage residents of streets and roads believed to have historic merit to
nominate those rights-of-way for designation as heritage lanes through the
Heritage Preservation Commission.
CI-Action-6.3 Design commercial areas with pedestrian amenities, shade trees, and on-
street parking to create inviting environments.
CI-Action-6.4 The designation of Heritage Lane shall not preclude City action necessary
to guarantee safe access for emergency vehicles while maintaining the
integrity of the existing heritage lane.
PARKING SUPPLY AND MANAGEMENT
Goals
CI.7a Provide adequate parking for non-residential uses to minimize intrusion into
adjacent neighborhoods.
CI.7b Provide on-street parking spaces in commercial areas that provide direct access to
abutting properties while requiring off-street public and private parking lots to
serve the majority of the demand.
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Policies
CI-Policy-7.1 Review on-street parking policies and utilization in the Village area
CI-Policy-7.2 Designate curb parking in the Village area for short-term use by those
visiting businesses and public facilities.
CI-Policy-7.3 Encourage the location of parking lots behind buildings to emphasize the
buildings’ physical and visual connections to the street and to maximize
pedestrian access and safety.
CI-Policy-7.4 Encourage the use of carpools and vanpools by providing preferential
spaces as appropriate.
CI-Policy-7.5 Allow reduced parking supplies for parcels, where appropriate, in order to
utilize the area-wide parking supply.
Implementation Actions
CI-Action-7.1 Enforce parking time limits and zones.
CI-Action-7.2 Establish time limits for on-street parking in commercial areas.
CI-Action-7.3 Adopt design standards for parking stalls, aisles and driveways for on-
street and off-street facilities.
CI-Action-7.4 Review parking demand and proposed supplies for each development
project to ensure maximum use of proposed off-street lots.
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Saratoga City Boundary
Roads
Waterways
Figure C-1 Existing Roadways
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Interstate Freeway (Not Applicable)
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Figure C-2 Roadway Classifications
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Truck Route
Figure C-3 Truck Routes
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Prospect Rd.
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Herriman Ave.
So
b
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y
R
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.
105
Legend:
Fehr & Peers Page 51
Revised May 2010
Figure C-4 Existing Transit Service (Effective January 11, 2010)
Route 26
Route 53 Route 328
Route 101
Express Route 102 (No Stops in Saratoga)
Route NumbersXXRoute 58
Route 57
53
57
53
26
26
328
102
102
58
101
Route 53
57 37
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway ElementCity of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
Sara
t
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a
Sara
t
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AveAve
.
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Av
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.
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.
Allllendndale Ave.Ave.
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.
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Prospecect Rd.
Pier
c
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Pier
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RdRd .
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HerrimanHerriman AveAve.
So
b
e
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.
So
b
e
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R
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.
9
9
85
85
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
Sara
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a
A
v
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.
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106
Legend:
Fehr & Peers Page 52
Revised May 2010
Arr
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Elv
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Figure C-5 Existing/Planned Bicycle Facilities
Bicycle Lanes (Class II Facilities)
Bicycle Routes (Class III Facilities)
Expressway Segments (Bicycles Permitted)
Bicycle Paths (Class I Facilities) - See Existing Trail Easements Bicycle Lanes/Routes (Class II/III Facilities)
Note: On most sections of Saratoga-Los Gatos Rd. includes bike
lanes. On intermittent segments, current striping does not meet
Caltrans standards for bike lanes and these sections are
technically considered bike routes, even though the shoulder
width provides sufficient room for bicyclists to travel.
Note:
Based on city designation, some
facilities do not include signage
or adequate bike lane width.
Proposed Bicycle Lanes (Class II Facilities)Proposed Bicycle Routes (Class III Facilities)
Proposed Bicycle Paths (Class I Facilities)
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway ElementCity of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
Sara
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a
Sara
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a
AveAve
.
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.
So
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.
9
9
85
85
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
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107
Legend:
Fehr & Peers Page 53
Revised July 2010
Figure C-6 Existing and Proposed Trails
Sa
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Q u i t o R o a d
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oad
P i e r c e R o a d
B i g B a s i n W a y
S a r a t o g a A v e n u e
F r u i t v a l e A v e n u e
Mountain Winery
Saratoga High School
Prospect High School
Redwood Middle SchoolFoothill Elementary
Argonaut Elementary
Blue Hills Elementary
Marshall Lane Elementary
Saratoga Elementary
Christa McAuliffe Elementary
Villa MontalvoSanborn County Park
Fremont Older OSP
Central Park
Kevin Moran Park
El Quito Park
Azule Park
St. Marcos Open Space
Wildwood Park
Bellgrove Park
Beauchamps Park
Congress Springs Park
Gardiner Park
Foothill Park
Historical Park
Brookglen Park
Ravenswood Park
Hakone Gardens
Saratoga Country Club
Saratoga Parks
Other Park Resources
Public Schools
0 3,000 6,0001,500
Feet
Existing City Trails
Proposed City Trails
Other Existing Public Trails
Other Proposed Public Trails
City Limits
Sphere of Influence
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
108
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Future (2030) Volume
Ex
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V
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Fu
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N u m b e r o f
L a n e s
C i t y o f S a r a t o g a C i r c u l a t i o n a n d S c e n i c H i g h w a y E l e m e n t
10
9
Legend:
Fehr & Peers
Revised July 2010
Figure C-6 Existing and Proposed Trails
Sa
r a t og
a
-
S
un
n y va
l e Ro
a
d
Prospect Road
Cox Avenue
Q u i t o R o a d
Sarato
g
a-L
o
s
G
ato
s R
oad
P i e r c e R o a d
B i g B a s i n W a y
S a r a t o g a A v e n u e
F r u i t v a l e A v e n u e
Mountain Winery
Saratoga High School
Prospect High School
Redwood Middle SchoolFoothill Elementary
Argonaut Elementary
Blue Hills Elementary
Marshall Lane Elementary
Saratoga Elementary
Christa McAuliffe Elementary
Villa MontalvoSanborn County Park
Fremont Older OSP
Central Park
Kevin Moran Park
El Quito Park
Azule Park
St. Marcos Open Space
Wildwood Park
Bellgrove Park
Beauchamps Park
Congress Springs Park
Gardiner Park
Foothill Park
Historical Park
Brookglen Park
Ravenswood Park
Hakone Gardens
Saratoga Country Club
Saratoga Parks
Other Park Resources
Public Schools
0 3,000 6,0001,500
Feet
Existing City Trails
Proposed City Trails
Other Existing Public Trails
Other Proposed Public Trails
City Limits
Sphere of Influence
City of Saratoga Circulation and Scenic Highway Element
110
The project would amend Exhibit OSC-2 in the City’s Open Space/Conservation Element
depicting Existing and Proposed Trails to correct inaccuracies and ensure consistency with the
Circulation Element trails map. The first map attached is the existing Exhibit OSC-2; the second
map is Exhibit OSC-2 as amended.
111
112
S a r a t o g a -S u n n y v a l e R o a d
Prospect Road
Cox Avenue
Q u i t o R o a d
Saratoga-Los Gatos Road
P i e r c e R o a d
B i g B a s i n W a y
S a r a t o g a A v e n u e
F r u i t v a l e A v e n u e
Mountain Winery
Saratoga High School
Prospect High School
Redwood Middle SchoolFoothill Elementary
Argonaut Elementary
Blue Hills Elementary
Marshall Lane Elementary
Saratoga Elementary
Christa McAuliffe Elementary
Villa MontalvoSanborn County Park
Fremont Older OSP
Central Park
Kevin Moran Park
El Quito Park
Azule Park
St. Marcos Open Space
Wildwood Park
Bellgrove Park
Beauchamps Park
Congress Springs Park
Gardiner Park
Foothill Park
Historical Park
Brookglen Park
Ravenswood Park
Hakone Gardens
Saratoga Country Club
City of Saratoga Open Space/Conservation ElementBackground Report/Goals, Policies, and Implementation Measures
¬
Page 10UNGO-McCORMICK CONSULTINGJerry Haag, Urban PlannerRevised by City of Saratoga
EXISTING ANDPROPOSED TRAILS
Exhibit OSC-2
Saratoga Parks
Other Park Resources
Public Schools
0 3,000 6,0001,500 Feet
Legend
Existing City Trails
Proposed City Trails
Other Existing Public Trails
Other Proposed Public Trails
City Limits
Sphere of Influence
113
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d
i
x
A.
We
wi
l
l
up
d
a
t
e
th
e
la
n
g
u
e
in
Ac
t
i
o
n
CI
‐Ac
t
i
o
n
‐4.
3
to
in
d
i
c
a
t
e
th
a
t
th
e
Ci
t
y
wi
l
l
co
o
r
d
i
n
a
t
e
wi
t
h
VT
A
wh
e
n
fe
a
s
i
b
l
e
to
pr
o
v
i
d
e
ne
w
fi
x
e
d
ro
u
t
e
or
sh
u
t
t
l
e
se
r
v
i
c
e
in
un
d
e
r
s
e
r
v
e
d
ar
e
a
s
.
11
4
Su
m
m
a
r
y
of
Pu
b
l
i
c
Co
m
m
e
n
t
s
an
d
Re
s
p
o
n
s
e
s
Ci
t
y
of
Sa
r
a
t
o
g
a
‐
Dr
a
f
t
Ci
r
c
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
El
e
m
e
n
t
Up
d
a
t
e
1.
2
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
2
In
ad
d
i
t
i
o
n
,
we
wo
u
l
d
li
k
e
to
no
t
e
th
a
t
in
Fe
b
r
u
a
r
y
20
0
7
,
th
e
VT
A
Bo
a
r
d
of
Di
r
e
c
t
o
r
s
ad
o
p
t
e
d
th
e
VT
A
Tr
a
n
s
i
t
Su
s
t
a
i
n
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
Po
l
i
c
y
& Se
r
v
i
c
e
De
s
i
g
n
Gu
i
d
e
l
i
n
e
s
(T
S
P
/
S
D
G
)
.
Th
e
TS
P
/
S
D
G
is
a ri
d
e
r
s
h
i
p
‐
ba
s
e
d
po
l
i
c
y
th
a
t
pr
o
v
i
d
e
s
a fr
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
fo
r
th
e
ef
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
an
d
ef
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
ex
p
e
n
d
i
t
u
r
e
of
tr
a
n
s
i
t
fu
n
d
s
,
an
d
fo
r
re
a
l
i
z
i
n
g
th
e
hi
g
h
e
s
t
re
t
u
r
n
on
in
v
e
s
t
m
e
n
t
in
te
r
m
s
of
p
u
b
l
i
c
go
o
d
an
d
ri
d
e
r
s
h
i
p
pr
o
d
u
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
.
On
e
of
th
e
Co
r
e
Pr
i
n
c
i
p
l
e
s
of
th
e
TS
P
/
S
D
G
is
to
"T
a
r
g
e
t
Ma
r
k
e
t
s
Wh
e
r
e
Tr
a
n
s
i
t
Co
m
p
e
t
e
"
.
We
re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
mo
d
i
f
y
i
n
g
Po
l
i
c
y
‐4.
1
to
Co
o
r
d
i
n
a
t
e
wi
t
h
th
e
Va
l
l
e
y
Tr
a
n
s
p
o
r
t
a
t
i
o
n
Au
t
h
o
r
i
t
y
to
in
c
r
e
a
s
e
se
r
v
i
c
e
ra
n
g
e
an
d
fr
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
wi
t
h
i
n
th
e
Ci
t
y
pe
r
VT
A
sT
r
a
n
s
i
t
Su
s
t
a
i
n
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
Po
l
i
c
y
.
We
wi
l
l
up
d
a
t
e
th
e
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
in
Po
l
i
c
y
‐4.
1
to
re
f
l
e
c
t
th
e
re
q
u
e
s
t
e
d
ad
d
i
t
o
n
.
1.
3
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
3
Fu
r
t
h
e
r
m
o
r
e
,
VT
A
su
p
p
o
r
t
s
ef
f
o
r
t
s
to
id
e
n
t
i
f
y
ot
h
e
r
re
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
su
c
h
as
pr
i
v
a
t
e
se
c
t
o
r
co
n
t
r
i
b
u
t
i
o
n
s
to
en
h
a
n
c
e
tr
a
n
s
i
t
se
r
v
i
c
e
s
an
d
fa
c
i
l
i
t
i
e
s
in
th
e
Ci
t
y
,
su
c
h
as
CI
‐Po
l
i
c
y
‐4.
4
to
in
v
e
s
t
i
g
a
t
e
th
e
fe
a
s
i
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
a
lo
c
a
l
sh
u
t
t
l
e
se
r
v
i
c
e
in
c
l
u
d
i
n
g
po
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
fu
n
d
i
n
g
so
u
r
c
e
s
,
an
d
CI
‐Ac
t
i
o
n
‐4.
1
re
g
a
r
d
i
n
g
de
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
pr
o
j
e
c
t
de
d
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
fo
r
bu
s
tu
r
n
o
u
t
s
an
d
sh
e
l
t
e
r
pa
d
s
.
Co
m
m
e
n
t
no
t
e
d
.
2.
1
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
4
Th
e
st
a
t
e
m
e
n
t
on
pa
g
e
29
,
"T
h
e
fr
e
e
w
a
y
wa
s
co
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
e
d
to
ac
c
o
m
m
o
d
a
t
e
li
g
h
t
ra
i
l
tr
a
c
k
s
in
th
e
ce
n
t
e
r
me
d
i
a
n
as
pa
r
t
of
a fu
t
u
r
e
ex
t
e
n
s
i
o
n
"
is
in
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
.
Th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
pr
o
p
o
s
a
l
fo
r
th
e
Va
s
o
n
a
Li
g
h
t
Ra
i
l
ex
t
e
n
s
i
o
n
is
to
lo
c
a
t
e
th
e
st
a
t
i
o
n
ju
s
t
no
r
t
h
of
Hi
g
h
w
a
y
85
.
We
wi
l
l
de
l
e
t
e
th
e
te
x
t
re
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
to
SR
85
be
i
n
g
co
n
s
t
r
u
c
t
e
d
to
ac
c
o
m
o
d
a
t
e
li
g
h
t
ra
i
l
se
r
v
i
c
e
.
2.
2
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
5
Th
e
ri
d
e
r
s
h
i
p
nu
m
b
e
r
s
on
pa
g
e
15
of
th
e
Ba
c
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
Re
p
o
r
t
sh
o
u
l
d
be
up
d
a
t
e
d
as
fo
l
l
o
w
s
:
We
wi
l
l
up
d
a
t
e
th
e
ri
d
e
r
s
h
i
p
nu
m
b
e
r
s
to
re
f
l
e
c
t
th
e
mo
r
e
up
‐to
‐da
t
e
in
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.
3.
1
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
6
On
pa
g
e
17
of
th
e
Ba
c
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
Re
p
o
r
t
,
we
su
g
g
e
s
t
th
a
t
th
e
li
s
t
of
B
i
c
y
c
l
e
Fa
c
i
l
i
t
i
e
s
al
s
o
sp
e
c
i
f
i
c
a
l
l
y
ca
l
l
ou
t
tw
o
ot
h
e
r
im
p
o
r
t
a
n
t
ca
t
e
g
o
r
i
e
s
of
no
n
‐mo
t
o
r
i
z
e
d
in
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
:
1)
Bi
c
y
c
l
e
an
d
Pe
d
e
s
t
r
i
a
n
Br
i
d
g
e
s
,
Tu
n
n
e
l
s
an
d
At
‐
gr
a
d
e
Ra
i
l
r
o
a
d
Cr
o
s
s
i
n
g
s
;
th
e
s
e
ar
e
re
f
e
r
r
e
d
to
Ac
r
o
s
s
Ba
r
r
i
e
r
Co
n
n
e
c
t
i
o
n
s
or
AB
C
'
s
in
th
e
20
0
8
Co
u
n
t
y
w
i
d
e
Bi
c
y
c
l
e
Pl
a
n
We
wi
l
l
up
d
a
t
e
th
e
te
x
t
in
th
e
ba
c
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
re
p
o
r
t
to
in
c
l
u
d
e
th
e
Ac
r
o
s
s
Ba
r
r
i
e
r
Co
n
n
e
c
t
i
o
n
s
as
bi
c
y
c
l
e
in
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
.
We
wi
l
l
up
d
a
t
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
5
an
d
C ‐5 wi
t
h
th
e
s
e
fa
c
i
l
i
t
i
e
s
11
5
Su
m
m
a
r
y
of
Pu
b
l
i
c
Co
m
m
e
n
t
s
an
d
Re
s
p
o
n
s
e
s
Ci
t
y
of
Sa
r
a
t
o
g
a
‐
Dr
a
f
t
Ci
r
c
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
El
e
m
e
n
t
Up
d
a
t
e
3.
2
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
7
2)
Sh
o
r
t
‐cu
t
s
an
d
sc
h
o
o
l
pa
t
h
w
a
y
s
th
a
t
us
e
ea
s
e
m
e
n
t
s
,
pa
r
k
s
or
ot
h
e
r
me
a
n
s
to
re
d
u
c
e
th
e
tr
i
p
le
n
g
t
h
of
th
e
bi
k
e
or
wa
l
k
tr
i
p
s
;
an
ex
i
s
t
i
n
g
su
c
h
ea
s
e
m
e
n
t
in
Sa
r
a
t
o
g
a
is
de
s
c
r
i
b
e
d
be
l
o
w
un
d
e
r
th
e
co
m
m
e
n
t
on
pa
g
e
20
.
An
o
t
h
e
r
is
lo
c
a
t
e
d
at
Al
l
e
n
d
a
l
e
at
Fr
u
i
t
v
a
l
e
th
a
t
pr
o
v
i
d
e
s
a co
n
n
e
c
t
i
o
n
we
s
t
to
Sa
r
a
t
o
g
a
Av
e
n
u
e
.
Im
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
th
i
s
co
n
n
e
c
t
i
o
n
is
ca
l
l
e
d
ou
t
as
a pr
o
j
e
c
t
in
th
e
20
0
8
Co
u
n
t
y
w
i
d
e
Bi
c
y
c
l
e
Pl
a
n
an
d
sh
o
u
l
d
be
ac
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
d
in
th
e
Ba
c
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
Re
p
o
r
t
as
we
l
l
.
We
wi
l
l
up
d
a
t
e
th
e
te
x
t
in
th
e
ba
c
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
re
p
o
r
t
to
in
c
l
u
d
e
a
di
s
c
u
s
s
i
o
n
on
th
e
sh
o
r
t
‐cu
t
s
an
d
sc
h
o
o
l
pa
t
h
w
a
y
s
in
th
e
bi
c
y
c
l
e
in
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
.
3.
3
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
8
Al
s
o
on
pa
g
e
17
,
th
e
Ba
c
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
Re
p
o
r
t
sh
o
u
l
d
re
f
e
r
to
th
e
Sa
n
t
a
Cl
a
r
a
Co
u
n
t
y
w
i
d
e
Bi
c
y
c
l
e
Pl
a
n
(C
B
P
)
an
d
in
pa
r
t
i
c
u
l
a
r
:
1)
Cr
o
s
s
Co
u
n
t
y
Bi
c
y
c
l
e
Co
r
r
i
d
o
r
s
th
a
t
tr
a
v
e
r
s
e
th
e
Ci
t
y
of
Sa
r
a
t
o
g
a
2)
Th
e
po
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
pr
o
j
e
c
t
to
cl
o
s
e
a ga
p
in
cr
o
s
s
i
n
g
th
e
Sa
n
To
m
a
s
Aq
u
i
n
o
Cr
e
e
k
be
t
w
e
e
n
Hi
g
h
w
a
y
9 an
d
Fr
u
i
t
v
a
l
e
We
wi
l
l
up
d
a
t
e
pa
g
e
17
to
re
f
e
r
to
th
e
Sa
n
t
a
Cl
a
r
a
Co
u
n
t
y
w
i
d
e
Bi
c
y
c
l
e
Pl
a
n
.
3.
4
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
9
Th
e
fo
r
m
e
r
sc
h
o
o
l
ro
u
t
e
th
a
t
co
n
s
i
s
t
e
d
of
an
at
gr
a
d
e
pe
d
e
s
t
r
i
a
n
cr
o
s
s
i
n
g
of
th
e
UP
R
R
tr
a
c
k
s
sh
o
u
l
d
be
sh
o
w
n
an
d
ex
p
l
i
c
i
t
l
y
di
s
c
u
s
s
e
d
.
Th
e
Bl
u
e
Hi
l
l
s
Sc
h
o
o
l
Ra
i
l
r
o
a
d
Cr
o
s
s
i
n
g
Sa
f
e
t
y
Pr
o
j
e
c
t
wa
s
su
b
m
i
t
t
e
d
by
th
e
Ci
t
y
of
Sa
r
a
t
o
g
a
fo
r
in
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
VT
P
20
3
5
Bi
c
y
c
l
e
El
e
m
e
n
t
to
re
p
l
a
c
e
th
e
at
‐gr
a
d
e
pe
d
e
s
t
r
i
a
n
ra
i
l
r
o
a
d
cr
o
s
s
i
n
g
co
n
n
e
c
t
i
n
g
Fr
e
d
e
r
i
c
k
s
b
u
r
g
Dr
.
an
d
Gu
a
v
a
Ct
.
th
a
t
ex
i
s
t
e
d
at
th
i
s
lo
c
a
t
i
o
n
fo
r
ov
e
r
th
i
r
t
y
ye
a
r
s
un
t
i
l
th
e
Ci
t
y
wa
s
re
q
u
e
s
t
e
d
by
th
e
CP
U
C
to
cl
o
s
e
it
in
20
0
7
.
Th
i
s
pr
o
j
e
c
t
wa
s
ev
a
l
u
a
t
e
d
an
d
ac
c
e
p
t
e
d
in
t
o
VT
P
20
3
5
as
Pr
o
j
e
c
t
#B
7
5
wi
t
h
a Bi
c
y
c
l
e
Ex
p
e
n
d
i
t
u
r
e
Pr
o
g
r
a
m
al
l
o
c
a
t
i
o
n
of
$
3
0
0
,
0
0
0
.
Th
e
Ba
c
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
We
wi
l
l
di
s
c
u
s
s
th
e
Bl
u
e
Hi
l
l
s
sc
h
o
o
l
ro
u
t
e
an
d
at
‐gr
a
d
e
pe
d
e
s
t
r
i
a
n
cr
o
s
s
i
n
g
of
th
e
UP
R
R
tr
a
c
k
s
an
d
th
e
pr
o
j
e
c
t
'
s
in
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
in
th
e
VT
P
20
3
5
as
Pr
o
j
e
c
t
#B
7
5
Re
p
o
r
t
sh
o
u
l
d
co
n
t
a
i
n
an
up
d
a
t
e
on
th
i
s
pr
o
j
e
c
t
in
te
r
m
s
of
ea
s
e
m
e
n
t
s
,
pe
r
m
i
t
s
an
d
fu
n
d
i
n
g
.
3.
5
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
1
0
Pa
g
e
31
,
Pe
d
e
s
t
r
i
a
n
Fa
c
i
l
i
t
i
e
s
an
d
Tr
a
i
l
s
,
an
d
Pa
g
e
32
,
Su
g
g
e
s
t
e
d
Ro
u
t
e
s
to
Sc
h
o
o
l
,
sh
o
u
l
d
bo
t
h
me
n
t
i
o
n
th
e
"B
l
u
e
Hi
l
l
s
Sc
h
o
o
l
Ra
i
l
r
o
a
d
Cr
o
s
s
i
n
g
Sa
f
e
t
y
Pr
o
j
e
c
t
.
"
We
wi
l
l
up
d
a
t
e
th
e
te
x
t
on
pa
g
e
32
to
in
c
l
u
d
e
re
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
to
th
e
Bl
u
e
Hi
l
l
s
Sc
h
o
o
l
Ra
i
l
r
o
a
d
Cr
o
s
s
i
n
g
Sa
f
e
t
y
Pr
o
j
e
c
t
.
3.
6
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
1
1
VT
A
su
p
p
o
r
t
s
th
e
re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
s
th
a
t
th
e
Ci
t
y
fo
r
m
a
l
l
y
ad
o
p
t
a se
t
of
de
s
i
g
n
gu
i
d
e
l
i
n
e
s
fo
r
bi
c
y
c
l
e
fa
c
i
l
i
t
i
e
s
an
d
pr
e
p
a
r
e
a Bi
c
y
c
l
e
Ma
s
t
e
r
Pl
a
n
.
VT
A
re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
s
th
a
t
th
e
Ci
t
y
of
Sa
r
a
t
o
g
a
fo
r
m
a
l
l
y
ad
o
p
t
th
e
VT
A
Bi
c
y
c
l
e
De
s
i
g
n
Gu
i
d
e
l
i
n
e
s
as
it
s
Bi
k
e
Gu
i
d
e
l
i
n
e
s
,
as
ha
s
th
e
Ci
t
y
of
Cu
p
e
r
t
i
n
o
.
Th
e
Ci
t
y
wi
l
l
co
n
s
i
d
e
r
ad
o
p
t
i
n
g
th
e
VT
A
Bi
c
y
c
l
e
De
s
i
g
n
Gu
i
d
e
l
i
n
e
s
wh
e
n
th
e
Ci
t
y
up
d
a
t
e
s
it
s
Bi
k
e
w
a
y
s
Ma
s
t
e
r
Pl
a
n
.
3.
7
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
1
2
On
pa
g
e
36
,
we
su
g
g
e
s
t
ad
d
i
n
g
th
e
wo
r
d
"s
t
r
a
t
e
g
i
e
s
"
or
si
m
i
l
a
r
to
CI
‐Po
l
i
c
y
‐1 ‐2:
CI
‐Po
l
i
c
y
‐l.
2
En
c
o
u
r
a
g
e
de
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
of
De
l
e
t
e
[i
n
t
e
r
‐
re
g
i
o
n
a
l
l
y
ba
s
e
d
]
in
t
e
r
¬
r
e
g
i
o
n
a
l
l
y
‐ba
s
e
d
co
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
st
r
a
t
e
g
i
e
s
to
su
p
p
o
r
t
lo
c
a
l
an
d
re
g
i
o
n
a
l
tr
a
n
s
p
o
r
t
a
t
i
o
n
so
l
u
t
i
o
n
s
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
We
wi
l
l
up
d
a
t
e
th
e
te
x
t
to
CI
‐Po
l
i
c
y
‐1.
2
to
re
f
l
e
c
t
th
e
su
g
g
e
s
t
e
d
mo
d
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
.
11
6
Su
m
m
a
r
y
of
Pu
b
l
i
c
Co
m
m
e
n
t
s
an
d
Re
s
p
o
n
s
e
s
Ci
t
y
of
Sa
r
a
t
o
g
a
‐
Dr
a
f
t
Ci
r
c
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
El
e
m
e
n
t
Up
d
a
t
e
3.
8
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
1
3
On
pa
g
e
39
,
fo
r
CI
Ac
t
i
o
n
2.
8
,
ad
d
:
"a
n
d
in
co
n
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
wi
t
h
VT
A
'
s
BT
G
ch
a
p
t
e
r
s
3 ‐6"
to
th
e
en
d
of
t
h
i
s
Ac
t
i
o
n
.
CI
‐Ac
t
i
o
n
‐2.
8
Ev
a
l
u
a
t
e
de
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
pr
o
p
o
s
a
l
s
an
d
de
s
i
g
n
ro
a
d
w
a
y
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
ba
s
e
d
on
es
t
a
b
l
i
s
h
e
d
Le
v
e
l
of
Se
r
v
i
c
e
st
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
wi
t
h
o
u
t
ne
g
a
t
i
v
e
l
y
af
f
e
c
t
i
n
g
tr
a
v
e
l
by
ot
h
e
r
mo
d
e
s
,
an
d
to
be
in
co
n
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
wi
t
h
VT
A
'
s
BT
G
Ch
a
p
t
e
r
s
3 ‐6.
We
wi
l
l
up
d
a
t
e
th
e
te
x
t
to
CI
‐Ac
t
i
o
n
‐2.
8
to
re
f
l
e
c
t
th
e
su
g
g
e
s
t
e
d
mo
d
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
.
3.
9
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
1
4
Re
g
a
r
d
i
n
g
Po
l
i
c
y
4.
3
,
we
wo
u
l
d
li
k
e
to
su
g
g
e
s
t
a
mo
d
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
:
Bu
s
s
i
n
g
sh
o
u
l
d
be
on
e
of
th
e
fi
r
s
t
me
a
s
u
r
e
s
co
n
s
i
d
e
r
e
d
,
al
o
n
g
wi
t
h
wa
l
k
i
n
g
an
d
bi
k
i
n
g
.
to
re
d
u
c
e
sc
h
o
o
l
‐ge
n
e
r
a
t
e
d
tr
a
f
f
i
c
be
f
o
r
e
su
b
s
t
a
n
t
i
a
l
ro
a
d
w
a
y
ca
p
a
c
i
t
y
en
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
s
ar
e
im
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
e
d
.
We
wi
l
l
up
d
a
t
e
th
e
te
x
t
to
CI
‐Po
l
i
c
y
‐4.
3
to
re
f
l
e
c
t
th
e
su
g
g
e
s
t
e
d
mo
d
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
.
3.
1
0
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
1
5
We
re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
th
a
t
th
e
Ci
t
y
co
n
s
i
d
e
r
ad
d
i
t
i
o
n
a
l
po
l
i
c
i
e
s
to
ad
d
r
e
s
s
th
e
s
e
is
s
u
e
s
:
• Bi
k
e
an
d
pe
d
e
s
t
r
i
a
n
ac
c
e
s
s
to
tr
a
n
s
i
t
st
o
p
s
.
It
wo
u
l
d
co
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
th
e
ex
i
s
t
i
n
g
Ac
t
i
o
n
4.
4
.
• In
c
o
r
p
o
r
a
t
e
th
e
co
n
c
e
p
t
of
sl
o
w
e
r
sp
e
e
d
s
as
a
sa
f
e
t
y
me
a
s
u
r
e
.
• De
s
i
g
n
ro
a
d
w
a
y
s
an
d
in
t
e
r
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
s
wi
t
h
o
u
t
bi
k
e
la
n
e
s
to
be
as
bi
k
e
‐fr
i
e
n
d
l
y
as
po
s
s
i
b
l
e
.
• Ex
i
s
t
i
n
g
sc
h
o
o
l
pa
t
h
s
an
d
ea
s
e
m
e
n
t
s
sh
o
u
l
d
be
id
e
n
t
i
f
i
e
d
an
d
ma
p
p
e
d
,
pr
e
s
e
r
v
e
d
an
d
en
h
a
n
c
e
d
.
Th
e
Ci
t
y
wi
l
l
co
n
s
i
d
e
r
th
e
su
g
g
e
s
t
e
d
po
l
i
c
i
e
s
as
pa
r
t
of
th
e
up
d
a
t
e
an
d
ad
o
p
t
i
o
n
of
it
s
Bi
k
e
w
a
y
s
Ma
s
t
e
r
Pl
a
n
.
3.
1
1
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
1
6
On
pa
g
e
42
,
we
st
r
o
n
g
l
y
re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
th
a
t
"B
i
c
y
c
l
e
"
Go
a
l
s
,
Po
l
i
c
i
e
s
an
d
Ac
t
i
o
n
s
be
se
p
a
r
a
t
e
fr
o
m
"Pe
d
e
s
t
r
i
a
n
an
d
Eq
u
e
s
t
r
i
a
n
"
Go
a
l
s
Po
l
i
c
i
e
s
an
d
Co
m
m
e
n
t
no
t
e
d
.
Pe
d
e
s
t
r
i
a
n
an
d
Eq
u
e
s
t
r
i
a
n
Go
a
l
s
, Po
l
i
c
i
e
s
an
d
Ac
t
i
o
n
s
.
3.
1
2
8
/
2
6
/
2
0
1
0
Y
i
n
g
Sm
i
t
h
,
VT
A
1
7
Po
l
i
c
y
5.
5
do
e
s
no
t
me
n
t
i
o
n
sc
h
o
o
l
s
bu
t
if
a ne
w
po
l
i
c
y
is
ad
d
e
d
ab
o
v
e
it
wo
u
l
d
n
'
t
ha
v
e
to
.
On
pa
g
e
43
,
Po
l
i
c
y
5.
7
se
e
m
s
li
k
e
an
ac
t
i
o
n
it
e
m
to
Po
l
i
c
y
5.
6
an
d
bo
t
h
se
e
m
to
re
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
th
e
ro
a
d
w
a
y
RO
W
wh
e
r
e
as
th
e
ne
w
po
l
i
c
y
wo
u
l
d
re
f
e
r
to
th
e
no
n
‐mo
t
o
r
i
z
e
d
ea
s
e
m
e
n
t
s
an
d
sc
h
o
o
l
pa
t
h
s
.
We
wi
l
l
up
d
a
t
e
Po
l
i
c
y
‐5.
5
to
in
c
l
u
d
e
re
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
to
sc
h
o
o
l
s
an
d
mo
v
e
Po
l
i
c
y
‐5.
7
to
an
Ac
t
i
o
n
it
e
m
an
d
li
s
t
it
ab
o
v
e
Ac
t
i
o
n
‐5.
1
7
.
3.
1
3
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VT
A
1
8
Re
g
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We
wi
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in
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t
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p
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.
1.
1
8
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Li
s
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r
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'
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th
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Co
m
m
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no
t
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.
11
7
118
119
120
121
122
123
124