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Home My WebLink About05-24-2022 Hertiage Preservation Commission Agenda PacketSaratoga Heritage preservation commission Agenda – Page 1 of 2 SARATOGA HERITAGE PRESERVATION COMMISSION MAY 24, 2022 8:30 AM HERITAGE PRESERVATION COMMISSION SITE VISIT(S) CALL TO ORDER ROLL CALL REPORT ON POSTING OF AGENDA ORAL COMMUNICATIONS ON NON-AGENDIZED ITEMS APPROVAL OF MINUTES Approval of April 12, 2022 and April 26, 2022 Minutes 04-12-2022 Heritage Preservation Commission Agenda DRAFT MINUTES 04-26-2022 Heritage Preservation Commission SPECIAL Agenda meeting DRAFT Minutes. NEW BUSINESS STAFF COMMENTS OLD BUSINESS 13514 Hammons Avenue 1 Saratoga Heritage preservation commission Agenda – Page 2 of 2 13514 Hammons Avenue Memo Attachment 2- Updated HRE dated April 18, 2022 Attachment 3- Memo with attachments from April 12, 2022 HPC Meeting Attachment 4- Letter from former HPC members dated April 25, 2022 COMMISSION ITEMS ADJOURNMENT CERTIFICATE OF POSTING I, Nicole Johnson, Planner II, for the City of Saratoga, declare that the foregoing agenda for the meeting of the City Council was posted and available for review on ---- xx 2020 at the City of Saratoga, 13777 Fruitvale Avenue, Saratoga, California and on the City's website at www.saratoga.ca.us. In accordance with the Ralph M. Brown Act, copies of the staff reports and other materials provided to the Heritage Preservation Commission by City staff in connection with this agenda, copies of materials distributed to the Heritage Preservation Commission concurrently with the posting of the agenda, and materials distributed to the Heritage Preservation Commission by staff after the posting of the agenda are available on the City Website at www.saratoga.ca.us. Following removal of State and local shelter in place orders these materials will be available for review in the office of the Community Development office at 13777 Fruitvale Avenue, Saratoga, California. In Compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, if you need assistance to participate in this meeting, please contact the City Clerk at debbieb@saratoga.ca.us or calling 408.868.1216 as soon as possible before the meeting. The City will use its best efforts to provide reasonable accommodations to provide as much accessibility as possible while also maintaining public safety. [28 CFR 35.102-35.104 ADA title II] 2 Page 1 of 2 HERITAGE PRESERVATION COMMISSION REGULAR MEETING Draft Minutes April 12, 2022 8:30 AM REGULAR MEETING 1. Site Visit(s) a. None 2. Call to Order 3. Roll Call Present: Sharon Boyce-Bender, Marie Lopresto, Rina Shah, Priya Shastri Absent: None Staff: Nicole Johnson, Senior Planner 4. Oral Communications 5. Approval of the March 8, 2022 minutes SHAH/BOYCE-BENDER MOVED TO APPROVE THE MINUTES FOR THE MARCH 8, 2022 MEETING. MOTION PASSED. AYES: BOYCE-BENDER, LOPRESTO, SHAH, AND SHASTRI. NOES: NONE. ABSTAIN: NONE. ABSENT: NONE 6. New Business a. 13777 Fruitvale Ave (Warner Hutton House) BOYCE-BENDER/SHAH MOVED TO RECOMMEND APPROVAL THE RE- CONSTRUCTION OF THE REAR STAIRS. MOTION PASSED. AYES: BOYCE- BENDER, LOPRESTO, SHAH, AND SHASTRI. NOES: NONE. ABSTAIN: NONE. ABSENT: NONE b. 14666 Oak Street BOYCE-BENDER/LOPRESTO MOVED TO CONTINUE THE APPLICATION AND DIRECTED THE APPLICANT TO CHOOSE A COLOR FOR THE HOUSE AND PRESENT IT AT THE NEXT HPC MEETING. MOTION PASSED. AYES: BOYCE-BENDER, LOPRESTO, AND SHASTRI. NOES: SHAH. ABSTAIN: NONE. ABSENT: NONE 3 Page 2 of 2 c. 13514 Hammons Ave SHASTRI/SHAH MOVED TO CONTINUE THIS ITEM TO THE NEXT HPC MEETING. MOTION PASSED. AYES: BOYCE-BENDER, LOPRESTO, SHAH AND SHASTRI. NOES: NONE. ABSTAIN: NONE. ABSENT: NONE 7. Staff Comments a. Arbor Day (April 27th 4 PM-5 PM) The commission decided not to host a table to but to attend individually. 8. Old Business a. Heritage Preservation Ordinance Nicole Johnson presented the comparison chart of the HPC recommendation and staff recommendation of the proposed changes to the HP Ordinance. The HPC confirmed that they wish to proceed to the take the HPC’s recommendation to the City Council even though it differs from staff’s recommendation and City Council direction. b. Project status worksheet The commissioners discussed the status of the pending HRI properties. Commissioner Shah volunteered to work with the property owner of 19801 Merribrook to add the property to the HRI. 9. Commission Items • Commissioner Lopresto discussed national preservation month event at Hakone. • The commissioners discussed the Blossom Festival. 10. Adjournment Chair Shastri adjourned the meeting at 9:54 AM Minutes respectfully submitted: Nicole Johnson, Senior Planner City of Saratoga 4 Page 1 of 2 HERITAGE PRESERVATION COMMISSION SPECIAL MEETING DRAFT MINUTES April 26, 2022 8:30 AM SPECIAL MEETING 1. Site Visit(s) A. None 2. Call to Order: Chair Shastri called the meeting to order at 8:30 AM. 3. Roll Call Present: Sharon Boyce-Bender, Marie Lopresto, Rina Shah, Priya Shastri Absent: None Staff: Nicole Johnson, Senior Planner 4. Oral Communications 5. New Business A. 18485 Montpere Way SHAH/BOYCE-BENDER MOVED TO RECOMMEND APPROVAL OF THE REPLACEMENT OF THE WINDOWS WITH MODIFICATIONS TO SHOW WINDOW DETAILS. MOTION PASSED. AYES: BOYCE-BENDER, LOPRESTO, SHAH, AND SHASTRI. NOES: NONE. ABSTAIN: NONE. ABSENT: NONE 6. Staff Comments None 7. Old Business A. 14666 Oak Street (Continued from the April 12, 2022 meeting) SHAH/BOYCE-BENDER MOVED TO RECOMMENDED THAT THE CITY COUNCIL DESIGNATE THE HOME AS A LANDMARK AND ENTER INTO MILLS ACT CONTRACT. MOTION PASSED. AYES: BOYCE-BENDER, LOPRESTO, SHAH, AND SHASTRI. NOES: NONE. ABSTAIN: NONE. ABSENT: NONE 5 Page 2 of 2 8. Commission Items 9. Adjournment Chair Shastri adjourned the meeting at 8:56 AM. Minutes respectfully submitted: Nicole Johnson, Senior Planner City of Saratoga 6 Page 1 of 5 MEMORANDUM MEETING DATE: May 24, 2022 TO: Heritage Preservation Commission FROM: Christopher Riordan, Senior Planner SUBJECT: Item 6B – 13514 Hammons Avenue (CONTINUED FROM 4/12/22) Consider removing property from the Heritage Resource Inventory APPLICATION: HPC22-0005 Property Location: 13514 Hammons Avenue Property APN: 393-34-009 Property Owner: Kyung Mo Shin & Mi Sun Kang Background: November 12, 2008 At their meeting of November 12, 2008, the Heritage Preservation Commission (HPC) reviewed a proposal to replace and relocate existing windows and apply new stucco to an existing single-story ranch style residence located at 13514 Hammons Avenue. During the meeting the HPC referenced the house as an “existing adobe brick home”, discussed maintaining the integrity of the exterior bricks, and approved a motion to add the structure to the City’s Heritage Resources Inventory (HRI). The HPC’s determination that the structure was historically significant and should be added to the Inventory was based on a finding that it qualified per City Code Section 13-15.010(c) in that the property embodies distinctive characteristics of the Adobe architectural style, type, and period. At the time the Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) 523 forms had not been prepared in support of the local listing. July 9, 2013 In 2013 the HPC updated the HRI by identifying the architectural style of five properties that had not been previously identified which included the property at 13514 Hammons Avenue. At their meeting of July 9, 2013, after reviewing site photographs and consulting the book “A Field Guide to American Houses”, it was the 7 HPC22-0005 / 13514 Hammons Avenue Page 2 of 5 decision of the HPC to identify the style of the Hammons property as “California Adobe” with the name “Hammons Adobe”. April 12, 2022 A request to remove the property at 13514 Hammons Avenue from the HRI was presented to the HPC on April 12, 2022. The Commission reviewed a Historic Resource Evaluation (HRE) for the property prepared by Evans & De Shazo and received a presentation from architectural historian Stacy De Shazo regarding her determination that the site is not historically or culturally significant and should be removed from the HRI. The HPC considered the information presented by staff, the applicant, Stacy De Shazo, and the public and continued the application to provide an opportunity for members of the HPC to visit the site prior to making a decision. Historic Analysis: As previously mentioned, the property was listed on the HRI without the prior preparation of a DRP 523. According to the HRE, the architectural style of the house is a Spanish Ranch subtype but was misidentified in 2008 and 2013 as Adobe. According to the determination of the HRE, the property does not meet the State CEQA Guidelines as a historic resource in that it is not historically or culturally significant. The HRE was prepared to determine if the Property is eligible for listing in the California Register of Historic Places (CRHR) and to provide recommendations for local listing. The below criteria are the eligibility requirements for a property to be listed on the CRHR. 1. (Event): Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage. The Property was originally part of a fruit orchard associated with agriculture and fruit farming in Saratoga in the later 1800s and early 1900s; however, in the late 1940s, after WWII ended, the surrounding orchard was subdivided, and the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape was developed as part of a residential area known as the Golden Triangle. Although the development of this residential area appears to be associated with post-WWII housing development in Saratoga from ca. 1945 to ca. 1970, individually the Property does not have the ability to convey this significance. Therefore, the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape does not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 1. 8 HPC22-0005 / 13514 Hammons Avenue Page 3 of 5 2. (Person): Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past. The ownership and occupancy history of the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape was thoroughly researched, and it does not appear to be associated with a person or organization important in our past. Therefore, the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape does not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 2. 3. (Construction/Architecture): Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values. Architecture: The ca. 1948 house is associated with Ranch architecture and the Spanish Ranch subtype within a period of significance of ca. 1948, the estimated date of construction. The Spanish Ranch subtype began ca. 1935 as a stylized form of Ranch architecture. While stylized Ranch styles began in 1935, this design became most prolific in the 1970s until ca. 1985. The ca. 1948 house was constructed during the early phase of the Spanish Ranch subtype. The house consists of textured white- wash over brick, textured stucco on the additions, red Spanish style “claylite” roof tiles (though added in 2001) and bracketed, square wood columns, exposed rafters, and irregular floor and roof plans. Although the house contains some character- defining elements of the Spanish Ranch style, the design of the ca. 1948 house evolved from at least four phases of construction, including the original ca. 1948 form and three additions (ca. 1955 addition, ca, 1960 garage addition, and ca. 1980 addition), of which none of the elements consistently follow the Spanish Ranch style. Thus, the ca. 1948 house does not embody the distinctive characteristics of the Spanish Ranch design. It is also not the first to be designed within this style, nor is it the work of an important creative individual or possesses high artistic values. The ca. 1948 house is not representative of the Spanish Ranch architectural style. The associated landscape is not associated with any landscape architecture design or planned landscape. Therefore, the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape do not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 3. 4. (Information potential): Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Criterion 4 most commonly applies to resources that contain or are likely to contain information bearing on an important archaeological research question. While most often applied to archaeological sites, Criterion 4 can also apply to buildings that 9 HPC22-0005 / 13514 Hammons Avenue Page 4 of 5 contain important information. For a building to be eligible under Criterion 4, it must be a principal source of important information, such as exhibiting a local variation on a standard design or construction technique can be eligible if a study can yield important information, such as how local availability of materials or construction expertise affected the evolution of local building development. The ca. 1948 house does not appear to have the ability to convey information about the history of Spanish Ranch architecture or Ranch architecture; therefore, the Property’s built environment is not eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 4. The Property was not assessed to determine the presence of, or potential for, any associated archaeological deposits. Integrity For a property to qualify for listing in the CRHR, it must possess significance under one or more of the above listed criteria and have historical integrity. There are seven variables or aspects used to judge historic integrity, including location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. A resource must possess the aspects of integrity related to the historical theme(s) and period of significance identified for the built-environment resources. National Register Bulletin 15 explains, “only after significance is fully established can you proceed to the issue of integrity.” The Property, including the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape was not found to be eligible for the CRHR under any criterion; therefore, an integrity analysis was not completed. Historic Resource Evaluation Conclusion The HRE prepared by Evans & De Shazo (Attachment #2) determined that the property does not meet the eligibility requirements for listing on the CRHR and is not listed on any national, state, or local register of historic resources; therefore, the property does not meet the definition of a historical resource under the California Environmental Quality Act. Per the California Code of Regulations Section 15064.5, a cultural resource is historically significant if included in a local register of historic resources or identified as significant in a historical resource survey. According to the HRE, a public agency must treat any such resource as significant unless the preponderance of evidence demonstrates that it is not historically or culturally significant. When in November 2008 the HPC determined that the property qualified to be included on the HRI under “Criterion C”, it was based on a visual inspection without 10 HPC22-0005 / 13514 Hammons Avenue Page 5 of 5 the benefit of any documentation to support this finding. Based on the new information and more complete analysis of the property now available to the HPC, it appears that the home was misidentified as adobe brick, therefore it is recommended that the Commission utilize the findings contained within the HRE as a preponderance of evidence to remove the house at 13514 Hammons Avenue from the HRI and exempt the project from further review. On April 25,2022 a letter was submitted to the City from former HPC Commissioners in response to the HRE prepared by Evans and De Shazo (Attachment 4). Staff Recommendation: Based on the findings by Evans and De Shazo, Inc, staff recommends the HPC find that the property does not meet any of the required criteria to be included on the City’s Heritage Resource Inventory and adopt the resolution to remove the site from the Inventory. Attachments: 1. Resolution HP-22-002 2. Updated Historic Evaluation and DPR prepared by Evans & DeShazo, Inc. dated April 18, 2022. 3. Memo and attachments from the April 12, 2022 HPC Meeting 4. Letter from former HPC members dated April 25, 2022 11 Evans & De Shazo, Inc 1141 Gravenstein Highway South, Sebastopol, CA 95472 707-823-7400 www.evans-deshazo.com A HISTORIC RESOURCE EVALUATION FOR THE PROPERTY AT 13514 HAMMONS AVENUE, SARATOGA, SANTA CLARA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA SUBMITTED TO: City of Saratoga c/o Debbie Pedro, Community Development Director dpedro@saratoga.ca.us SUBMITTED BY: Stacey De Shazo, M.A. Principal Architectural Historian stacey@evans-deshazo.com and Nicole LaRochelle, B.A. and Bee Thao, M.A. Updated April 18, 2022 12 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. Page i TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................ 1 PROPERTY LOCATION ............................................................................................................................... 1 REGULATORY SETTING .............................................................................................................................. 2 CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT .................................................................................................................... 2 METHODS ................................................................................................................................................. 3 HISTORICAL SETTING ................................................................................................................................ 4 MEXICAN PERIOD (1821 – 1846) ................................................................................................................................ 4 EARLY AMERICAN PERIOD (1848 - 1851) ....................................................................................................................... 5 HISTORY OF SARATOGA (1847 - 1970S) ......................................................................................................................... 7 SANTA CLARA VALLEY AGRICULTURAL HISTORY (1850S –1970S) ....................................................................................... 10 PROPERTY HISTORY .................................................................................................................................................. 13 ARCHITECTURAL STYLE ........................................................................................................................... 20 RANCH ARCHITECTURE (1930-1975) .......................................................................................................................... 20 SPANISH RANCH (CA. 1935 – CA. 1985) ...................................................................................................................... 20 HISTORIC ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY ........................................................................................................ 21 CA. 1948 HOUSE ................................................................................................................................................... 21 ASSOCIATED LANDSCAPE ........................................................................................................................................... 32 ALTERATIONS TO THE CA. 1948 HOUSE .................................................................................................. 33 EVALUATION OF HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE .......................................................................................... 34 CALIFORNIA REGISTER OF HISTORICAL RESOURCES ........................................................................................................... 34 CRHR EVALUATION ................................................................................................................................................. 35 INTEGRITY .............................................................................................................................................................. 37 CURRENT LOCAL LISTING ........................................................................................................................ 37 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................................ 38 ADDITIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LOCAL LISTING ......................................................................... 38 HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION MEETING: APRIL 12, 2022 ....................................................... 38 REQUIREMENTS FOR LOCAL LISTING ...................................................................................................... 39 HERITAGE RESOURCE DESIGNATION CRITERIA ................................................................................................................. 39 BIBLIOGRAPHY........................................................................................................................................ 40 ATTACHMENTS: Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) 523 forms (Appendix A); Permit (Appendix B) 13 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Contra Costa County, California. 1 INTRODUCTION Evans & De Shazo, Inc. (EDS) completed a Historic Resource Evaluation (HRE) of the property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California, within the 0.32-acre Assessor Parcel Number (APN) 393-34-009 (Property). The Property consists of a ca. 1948 house and associated landscape. Though currently in the design phase, the project consists of the rehabilitation or potential demolition of the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape. The Property is not listed in the California Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) Built Environment Resource Directory (BERD) or any state or federal list and has not been previously evaluated for listing on the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR). In September 2008, the Property was listed on the Saratoga Heritage Resource Inventory; however, no documentation such as Department of Parks and Recreation (DRP) 523 forms or local Historic Resource Inventory forms were completed in support of the local listing. As such, the city requested an HRE to determine if the Property is eligible for listing on the CRHR and provide recommendations, including the local listing, as warranted. The HRE is based on specific guidelines and evaluation criteria of the CRHR (14 CCR §15064.5 and PRC § 21084.1). The following HRE was completed by EDS Principal Architectural Historian Stacey De Shazo, M.A., who exceeds the Secretary of the Interior’s qualification standards in Architectural History and History , as well as Nicolle LaRochelle, B.A. and Bee Thao, M.A. The results of the HRE are presented herein. PROPERTY LOCATION The Property is located within the 0.32-acre parcel (APN 393-34-009) at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California (Figure 1). The Property is situated on the northwest corner of Hammons Road and Thelma Avenue, approximately 2.8 miles south of Highway 85 and 1.1 miles north of downtown Saratoga (i.e., Saratoga Village). 14 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 1 Figure 1. Property location map. 15 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 2 REGULATORY SETTING The CEQA regulations, as they pertain to cultural resources, are outlined below. CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT CEQA and the Guidelines for Implementing CEQA (State CEQA Guidelines CCR § 15064.5) give direction and guidance for evaluating properties, and the preparation of Initial Studies, Categorical Exemptions, Negative Declarations, and Environmental Impact Reports. Pursuant to California State law, the City of Saratoga is legally responsible and accountable for determining the environmental impact of any land use proposal it approves. Cultural resources are aspects of the environment that require identification a nd assessment for potential significance under CEQA (14 CCR § 15064.5 and PRC § 21084.1). There are five classes of cultural resources defined by the State OHP. These are: • Building: A structure created principally to shelter or assist in carrying out any form of human activity. A “building” may also be used to refer to a historically and functionally related unit, such as a courthouse and jail or a house and barn. • Structure: A construction made for a functional purpose rather than creating human shelter. Examples include mines, bridges, and tunnels. • Object: Construction primarily artistic in nature or relatively small in scale and simply constructed. It may be movable by nature or design or made for a specific setting or environment. Objects should be in a setting appropriate to their significant historic use or character. Examples include fountains, monuments, maritime resources, sculptures, and boundary markers. • Site: The location of a significant event. A prehistoric or historic occupation or activity, or a building or structure, whether standing, ruined, or vanished, where the location itself possesses historic, cultural, or archaeological value regardless of the value of any existing building, structure, or object. A site need not be marked by physical remains if it is the location of a prehistoric or historic event and if no buildings, structures, or objects marked it at that time. Examples include trails, designed landscapes, battlefields, habitation sites, Native American ceremonial areas, petroglyphs, and pictographs. • Historic District: Unified geographic entities which contain a concentration of historic buildings, structures, or sites united historically, culturally, or architecturally. According to CCR § 15064.5, cultural resources are historically significant if they are: (1) A resource listed in or determined to be eligible by the State Historical Resources Commission for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources (PRC § 5024.1, 14 CCR § 4850 et seq.). (2) A resource included in a local register of historical resources, as defined in PRC § 5020.1(k) or identified as significant in a historical resource survey meeting the requirements PRC § 5024.1(g), shall be presumed to be historically or culturally signifi cant. Public agencies must treat any such resource as significant unless the preponderance of the evidence demonstrates that it is not historically or culturally significant. 16 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 3 (3) Any object, building, structure, site, area, place, record, or manuscript that a lead agency determines to be historically significant or significant in the architectural, engineering, scientific, economic, agricultural, educational, social, political, military, or cultural annals of California may be considered to be a historical resource, provided the lead agency's determination is supported by substantial evidence in light of the whole record. Generally, a resource shall be considered by the lead agency to be “historically significant” if the resource meets the criteria for listing on the California Register of Historical Resources (PRC § 5024.1, 14 CCR § 4852), including the following: (A) Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California's history and cultural heritage; (B) Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past; (C) Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values; or (D) Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. (4) The fact that a resource is not listed in or determined to be eligible for listing in the CRHR, not included in a local register of historical resources pursuant to PRC § 5020.1(k) or identified in a historical resources survey meeting the criteria in PRC § 5024.1(g) does not preclude a lead agency from determining that the resource may be a historical resource as defined in PRC § 5020.1(j) or § 5024.1. METHODS The methods used to complete the HRE included a database search conducted by the Northwest Information enter (NWIC) of the California Historical Information Systems (CHRIS) (NWIC File #21-1487) to obtain primary records associated with the Property and the cultural resource inventories listed below. EDS also conducted extensive online research using the resources detailed in the section below and reviewed documents provided by the City of Saratoga and the Property owner. In addition, EDS reviewed digital documents on file with EDS, such as historical maps, historical aerial photographs, and other primary source documents. The purpose of the research is to understand the Property history and the history of the surrounding area to assist in developing a historical context in which to evaluate the historical significance of the built environment resources, at least 45 years in age, within the Property. EDS Principal Architectural Historian Stacey De Shazo, M.A. also completed a historic architectural survey to identify the age, any known architectural style or form, character-defining features, materials, and alterations of built environment resources, at least 45 years in age, within the Property. EDS also completed DPR 523 forms for the Property (Appendix A). Cultural Resource Inventories As part of the record search, the following inventories were reviewed: • National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) • California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) • California Historical Landmarks (CHL) 17 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 4 • California Points of Historical Interest (CPHI) • California Inventory of Historical Resources • California OHP BERD for Santa Clara County (2020) • City of Saratoga Designated Landscape Structures (2014) • City of Saratoga Heritage Resource Inventory (last updated 10/2017) Online Research Online research utilized the following sources: • www.newspapers.com • www.ancestry.com • www.calisphere.com (University of California) • http://www.library.ca.gov/ (California State Library) • https://cdnc.ucr.edu/ California Digital Newspaper Collection • http://pcad.lib.washington.edu/ (Pacific Coast Architecture Database [PCAD]) • https://aiahistoricaldirectory.atlassian.net (AIA Historical Directory of American Architects) HISTORICAL SETTING The following historical setting is a brief history of the City of Saratoga and Property-specific history, which serves as the context within which the built environment resources within the Property were accessed for historical significance. MEXICAN PERIOD (1821 – 1846) In 1821, Mexico declared its independence from Spain and took possession of “Alta California”1 marking the end of the Spanish period (1769 – 1821) and the beginning of the Mexican period, also referred to as the “rancho” period in Alta California. During this time, extraordinary changes occurred throughout Alta California, as the Mexican government lacked the strong oversight and military rule previously imposed by the Spanish. As such, there were new trade opportunities when foreign ships that Spanish guarded military ports had previously held off could dock and provide a variety of provisions to local settlers throughout California. These new provisions, including tea, coffee, sugars, spices, spirits, and a variety of manufactured goods, soon made their way into the region; and the taxes on these imported goods became the main source of revenue for the Mexican government in Alta California. Likewise, products produced in Alta California were exported, which bolstered the hide and tallow trade that became the primary business activity in Alta California during this time. During this time, the Mexican colonial authorities encouraged the settlement of Alta California by providing large land grants called ranchos to politically prominent persons loyal to the 1 Alta California was a polity of New Spain founded in 1769 and became a territory of Mexico after the Mexican War of Independence in 1821. 18 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 5 Mexican government and permitting foreigners to settle the land. As a result, the 20 or so ranchos in Alta California during the Spanish period increased to roughly 800 ranchos that varied from 10,000 to 20,000 acres during the Mexican era. During the Mexican period, the Property was located within the 13,310-acre Rancho Quito, granted in 1841 by Governor Juan Alvarado to José Zenon Fernandez and José Noriega. EARLY AMERICAN PERIOD (1848 - 1851) The beginning of the American Period in California is marked by the end of the Mexican American War (1846- 1848), when the United States (U.S.) took possession of Mexican territories, including California, New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona, in the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo on February 2, 1848. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided resident Mexicans their American citizenship and guaranteed title to ranchos obtained during the Mexican period. However, less than two weeks before the treaty's signing, on January 24, 1848, James Marshall discovered gold at Sutter’s Mill, which marked the start of the California Gold Rush (1848 to 1855). Soon, the excitement of the Gold Rush and the promise of fertile and abundant land brought between 150,000 and 200,000 new settlers to California from all over the U.S. and Scotland, Ireland, England, Germany, and France.2 During this time, many new settlers squatted on land, including Mexican rancho land and unclaimed land. To quickly resolve Mexican rancho land disputes, the U.S. Congress passed the California Land Act of 1851, which established a three-member Public Land Commission (Commission) to determine the validity of prior Spanish and Mexican land grants.3 The act required landowners who claimed title under the former Mexican government to file a claim with the Commission within two years. Although the Commission eventually confirmed most of the original Mexican land grants, the burden was on landowners to prove their title. The cost of litigation forced many rancho owners to sell their land to settlers, some who illegally squatted on their land, land speculators, and lawyers, who were hired to defend their land claims in court.4 As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim for Rancho Quito was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852 by Petra Enrique Fernandez (wife of José Zenón Fernandez) and Manual Alviso, who may have been the son of Juan Ignacio Alviso. However, by the late 1850s, the boundaries of Rancho Quito were contested by José Ramón Arguello, the son of Luis Arguello, who was the first Mexican governor of Alta California, as well as his mother, Maria Soledad Ortega de Arguello, and a business partner named S. M. Mezes. In 1859, Alviso sold a portion of the rancho to Arguello; however, unlike the previous owners of the rancho, including Noriega, Fernandez, and Alviso, Arguello settled on the land and developed what was known as the Quito Farm. In 1866, a portion of the original Rancho Quito was finally patented to José M. Alviso and the heirs of José Zenón Fernandez, including Dionisio Fernandez, Francisco Maximo Fernandez, Jose Zenón Fernandez, Manuela Loveto Fernandez, and Petra Enriquez Fernandez.5 2 Karen Clay, “Property Rights and Institutions: Congress and the California Land Act 1851”, The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, 59(01):122-142, March 1999. 3 The Spanish government-controlled California land from approximately 1770 to 1821 and the Mexican government- controlled present-day California from 1821 to 1846. 4 Nancy Olmsted. Vanished Waters: A History of San Francisco's Mission Bay, Mission Creek Conservancy, San Francisco, 1986. 5 Sacramento State Office, “Report of the Surveyor-General of the State of California from August 1, 1884, To August 1, 1886.” James J. Ayers, Supt. State Printing, 1886. 19 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 6 By the early 1880s, Arguello planted a vast olive orchard near the present intersecti on of Quito Road and Saratoga Avenue, approximately 2.2 miles north of the Property. Arguello eventually planted over eighty acres of olive trees and constructed an olive press and a packing facility to support his agricultural business. Arguello's olive trees did very well, and he produced award-winning olive oil and received great publicity. In an article in the San Francisco Examiner in 1889 6, Quito Farm is described as “the most famous plantation of its kind in Central or Northern California” with “8,000 olive trees” and “32,00 vines”. By the late 1880s, as the trees grew in size, Arguello realized that he had planted the olive trees too close together. As such, many of the olive trees died. To save his orchard, Arguello removed every other tree, impacting the viability of his olive oil business. Soon after that, he removed nearly all the olive trees and replaced them with walnut and apricot trees.7 Figure 2. ca. 1880 photograph of “spray rigs” at Quito Ranch in Saratoga with the olive trees in the background (courtesy of the Campbell Historical Museum8). 6 Newspapers.com, “San Jose,” San Francisco Examiner, 30 June 1889. 7 Timothy Stanley, The Last of the Prune Pickers: A Pre-Silicon Valley Story, Timothy Publishing. 2010. 8 Campbell Historical Museum, https://www.ci.campbell.ca.us/332/Historical-Museum-Ainsley-House, accessed March 4, 2022. 20 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 7 HISTORY OF SARATOGA (1847 - 1970s) The following context provides a brief overview of the development of the City of Saratoga, including the agricultural development of the areas surrounding the Village of Saratoga. 9 The Village of Saratoga originated in California’s Early American period in 1847 when William Campbell founded a mill and established a lumbering community called Campbell’s Gap just below what is now known as Long Bridge, located above Saratoga Village along Highway 9. At the time, the lack of roads made it difficult to transport the lumber to markets, so in 1850, Martin McCarty leased Campbell's mill and obtained a franchise from the Court of Sessions to build a toll road from the mill down to the small settlement at the mouth of the canyon. A tollgate was erected at present-day 3rd Street and Big Basin Way (formerly Lumber Road). The toll was $3.00 for a two-horse team and $6.00 for a four-horse team. The new road made it easier to transport lumber and encouraged the growth of the timber industry in the area. This same year, Martin, along with his wife Hannah, surveyed, platted, and registered the community of McCartysville.10 The success of the sawmill brought other industries including a lime quarry, tannery, furniture factory, and paper and flour mills (Figure 3) that were key to the growth of the village of Saratoga. On March 13, 1865, the villagers voted to rename the community Saratoga. The name was selected because of the similarity in the mineral content of the water located at the mineral springs a mil e above the village to that of Congress Springs at Saratoga, New York. By the 1890s, the lumber industry had declined, and the Village of Saratoga, as well as the surrounding community, had begun to embrace the change from a town supported by the lumber industry to one that focused primarily on agriculture, particularly fruit orchards and vineyards that were a growing industry in Santa Clara Valley. In 1900, the Village of Saratoga, in support of the growing agricultural community, held the first Saratoga Blossom Festival (Figure 4). The community of Saratoga got a boost in 1904 with the construction of the Peninsular Interurban Railway (Figure 5 and Figure 6), which brought tourists to the area and provided service to locals commuting to nearby towns such as San Jose. Throughout the early 1900s, Saratoga remained a small agricultural community. After the U.S. entered World War II (WWII; 1939 -1945) in 1941, the City of Saratoga obtained small government contracts and continued its pattern of slow growth during the war years. After WWII ended, the small community of Saratoga saw an increase in population with the return of war veterans, and in the 1950s, with the expansion of industries such as Lockheed (opened in 1956), Westinghouse (Sunnyvale Manufacturing Division, opened in 1958), and International Business Machines (IBM) (San Jose Research Laboratory, opened in 1956), also prompting rapid suburban housing growth. To attract employees to the flourishing job market, suburban housing tracts in Saratoga offered new homes to veterans with no money down. During this time, the city of San Jose was poised to annex Saratoga, which forced the residents of Saratoga to organize, and in 1956, the Saratoga City Council voted to incorporate. Soon new housing developments replaced what remained of the fruit and nut orchard farms in Saratoga, and rural roads were widened into freeways and expressways. Several roads east of Saratoga Village were widened into boulevards, which were then lined with new commercial businesses, including restaurants and automobile 9 Archives & Architecture, LLC, Heritage Resources Inventory, Prepared for the City of Saratoga, 2009. 10 Some historic maps reference “McCartysville” as “McCarthysville.” 21 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 8 salesrooms.11 By 1950, development within the neighborhood known as the Golden Triangle, where the Property is located, was being developed with single-family houses. The name Golden Triangle was a name given to a triangular-shaped area of land by the real estate developers. The Golden Triangle neighborhood is bounded by Saratoga Avenue, Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road, and Cox Avenue. During the 1960s, Saratoga saw moderate growth. Although local-elected leaders supported maintaining the small-scale character of Saratoga Village, they also allowed for areas surrounding Saratoga Village to grow at a more rapid pace. As such suburban housing developments, including the Peremont Gardens, one of Saratoga’s largest subdivision projects with 79 new houses, were developed. Through the early 1970s, suburban housing tracts continued to be developed in Saratoga, including the Property's location and suburban malls, replacing many of the orchard farms in the area. Figure 3. ca. 1880 photograph of the Saratoga Paper Mill (no longer extant) at Big Basin Way and 6th Street in Saratoga (courtesy of the Campbell Historical Museum). 12 11 Archives & Architecture, LLC, Heritage Resources Inventory, Prepared for the City of Saratoga, 2009. 12 Campbell Historical Museum, https://www.ci.campbell.ca.us/332/Historical-Museum-Ainsley-House, accessed March 4, 2022. 22 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 9 Figure 4. Saratoga Blossom Festival, ca. 1912 (courtesy of the Saratoga Historical Foundation). Figure 5. ca. 1905 photograph of the Peninsular Interurban Railway on “Lumber Street” (now Big Basin Way) in Saratoga (courtesy of the City of Saratoga). 23 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 10 Figure 6. ca. 1910 postcard of the Interurban Railway along a trestle in Saratoga (courtesy of San Jose Public Library). SANTA CLARA VALLEY AGRICULTURAL HISTORY (1850s –1970s) Beginning as early as the 1850s, Santa Clara Valley was one of California’s foremost agricultural regions . By the late 1860s, the Santa Clara Valley was mainly developed with grain crops, with wheat production accounting for 30% of California’s total wheat crop in 1854.13 Throughout the 1870s, the fertile Santa Clara Valley remained a wheat and grain capital, though the land was also planted with grapes vines in support of a growing wine industry. As the wine industry thrived, wheat and grain crops soon proved unable to withstand droughts in the Santa Clara Valley. By the late 1870s and early 1880s, fruit orchards began replacing the grain crops throughout Santa Clara Valley, marking the beginning of the significant period of orchard farming in this region. By the late nineteenth century, wheat and barley were nearly entirely abandoned as a crop, favoring the planting of fruit orchards, such as apricots, plums, prunes, and cherries, which became the dominant Valley’s agricultural industry by the 1890s. The rise in orchard development led to the need for fruit processing plants, and several canneries and fruit processing facilities soon developed in the Santa Clara Valley. The fruit industry was supported by the construction of the Southern Pacific and South Pacific Coast railroads and rail spurs constructed along canneries and fruit processing plants to allow for easy loading and transportation of fruit products to places throughout the U.S., as well as ports that also shipped canned fruit overseas. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Italian immigrants arriving in the U.S. often made their way to California, searching for opportunities in the agricultural areas and booming cities of the Santa Clara Valley. Italian immigrants who settled in Saratoga came from all regions of Italy, bringing different regional 13 Archives & Architecture, LLC, Heritage Resources Inventory, Prepared for the City of Saratoga, 2009, 22. 24 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 11 and local farming skills and trades.14 Historian Frederick W. Marrazzo asserts that Italians were drawn to the Santa Clara Valley in the late nineteenth century because “it reminded them of their villages in Italy” in topography and climate.15 During this time, there was also a large availability of land, allowing immigrants to buy property at a fair price and begin planting it in crops—an opportunity not possible in Italy at this time.16 Participating in the prevailing agricultural practices of the area, Italian-owned farms often focused on fruit production, such as apricot, cherry, pear, prunes, and wine grapes).17 During the early twentieth century, the fertile land of Santa Clara Valley continued to be developed with a focus on fruit and walnut orchards (Figure 8 and Figure 9), with peak fruit production occurring in the 1920s. At this time, Increasing land prices and farming costs often put pressure on large landowners to sell their agricultural land for development. As a result, many large orchard farms around Saratoga were subdivided, allowing more farmers to cultivate smaller areas of land - as little as three acres – that served as “highly specialized ‘fruit ranches’” that focused on growing one type of fruit.18 Soon fruit production, fruit canneries, and fruit packing companies were abundant in the area around the Santa Clara Valley, which incl uded 18 canneries, 13 dried-fruit packing houses, and 12 fresh-fruit and vegetable shipping firms that operated during the 1920s and 1930s. At this time, the Property was part of a fruit orchard. At the end of WWII, agricultural land in the Santa Clara Valley and the town of Saratoga began to give way to suburban housing developments as orchards were rapidly removed to accommodate new suburban housing. This change marked the end of the heyday of orchard farming in the Santa Clara Valley. During this time, farmers around Saratoga lobbied for the annexation of their land by the city of Saratoga to protect their orchards from the encroaching suburban development of San Jose. Although orcharding in Saratoga remained important to the local economy, more orchards were being subdivided and developed with single-family houses, including the subject Property. By the 1960s, the need for residential housing accelerated, replacing orchard-covered land with residential subdivisions in the Santa Clara Valley.19 By the early 1970s, very few parcels with orchards remained under cultivation in and around Saratoga and the larger Santa Clara Valley. In 1972, to preserve the orcharding history in Saratoga, the city “bought 11.3 acres of orchard land, which included a portion of the current Heritage Orchard, where the city intended to build a new library”.20 In 1973, the city purchased an adjacent 4.2-acres of orchard land, and in 1977 they purchased an additional 2.6 acres.21 14 Frederick W. Marrazzo, Italians in the Santa Clara Valley (Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Publishing, 2007) 8. 15 Ibid, 8. 16 Ibid, 28. 17 Ibid, 27, 29, 31. 18 Archives & Architecture, LLC, Heritage Resources Inventory, City of Saratoga, 2009, 26. 19 Archives & Architecture, LLC, Heritage Resources Inventory, City of Saratoga, 2009, 47. 20 Ibid. 21 After 1977 it is not known when the additional acreage was added to the Property. 25 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 12 Figure 7. ca. 1910 postcard of a prune orchard in the City of Saratoga (courtesy of the City of Saratoga). Figure 8. ca. 1900 photograph of fruit orchards in bloom located near present-day Saratoga (California State Library Digital Collections). 26 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 13 Figure 9: ca. 1909 postcard of the Saratoga foothills showing the fruit orchards and agricultural fields (courtesy of the San Jose Public Library, California Room). PROPERTY HISTORY In 1876, the Property was situated within a 129-acre property owned by Andrew James McCaran (Figure 10). James was born in 1823 in Ireland and immigrated to the U.S. (date unknown), where he became a naturalized citizen in 1898.22 According to the 1880 U.S. Federal Census, James was married to Mary Blood McCaran and they had seven children, Elizabeth, Mary, John, Thomas, James, Sarah, and Kate. James and Mary, along with their children, lived on the property in a house (no longer extant) situated the southwest corner of the 129- acre property (see Figure 10) that was predominately planted with fruit trees. During this time, James was an orchard farmer and Mary kept house.23 It appears that the McCaran family owned the property until the early 1900s. Throughout the early 1900s, the property, including the subject Property, remained planted in fruit trees, with little evidence of residential development (Figure 11). By the mid-1940s, the 129-acre property had been subdivided for residential development and by 1948 the subject Property was developed, along with adjacent parcels. 22 Ancestry.com. California, U.S., State Court Naturalization Records, 1850-1986. 23 Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 1880 United States Federal Census. 27 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 14 Figure 10. 1877 Thompson and West map showing the location of the Property within a 129-acre property owned by James McCaran. Figure 11. 1939 aerial photography showing the location of the Property used as an orchard/tree (courtesy of the University of Santa Barbara Library). 28 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 15 The following table details the ownership of the Property associated with the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape. Table 1. Ownership History of the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape. 24 Newspaper.com, “Claudia Moser”, Los Gatos Daily Times and Los Gatos Times, January 12, 1951. 25 Ancestry.com. California, U.S., Divorce Index, 1966-1984. 26 Newspaper.com, “Teresa Lynn Moser”, Los-Gatos Saratoga Observer”, July 24, 1962. 27 Newspaper.com, “Susan Jane Moser”, Los-Gatos Saratoga Observer, April 25, 1952. 28 Newspaper.com, “Claudia Moser”, Los-Gatos Saratoga Observer, January 12, 1951. 29 Ancestry.com. U.S., City Directories, 1822-1995. 30 Ancestry.com. U.S., City Directories, 1822-1995. 31 Find A Grave.com, “Joseph Bernard Moser”, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/34112687/joseph-bernard- moser. 32 Ancestry.com. Louisiana, U.S., Compiled Marriage Index, 1718-1925. Year Owners Additional Details ca. 1948-1969 Owners: Joseph Moser and Dorothy Saklberg Moser • The first owners of the ca. 1948 house were Joseph and Dorothy Moser. During this time, the Property was surrounded by orchards and several houses along present-day Thelma Avenue. and the address of the Property was Route 1, Box 4750, Thelma Avenue.24 • Joseph was born in 1915 and Dorothy was born in 1919. Joseph and Dorothy married in 1941 but divorced in 1966.25 Joseph and Dorothy had three children, Claudia, Susan, and Teresa.26,27,28 During Joseph and Dorothy’s ownership of the Property, Joseph worked as millman for Pacific Manufacture then as a general contractor while Dorothy kept house.29,30 • During the early 1950s, the fruit orchards diminished as additional houses were built near the Property (Figure 13). By 1956, the residential development known as the Golden Triangle, where the Property is located, was further developed with housing. During this time, Thelma Avenue was extended east, and new roads were constructed within the developing neighborhood. By this time, it appears that Joseph and Dorothy Moser had made changes to the ca. 1948 house, including an addition and what appears to be several small buildings (no longer extant) within the northern section of the Property (Figure 14). • By 1968, the ca. 1948 house consisted of a garage addition (Figure 15). By this time, the neighborhood was fully developed with residential houses and a grade school, located south of the Property. • Joseph died in 1978.31 1969-1971 Owner: John R. Paciulla and Jane Fruendt Paciulla • The next owners of the Property were John and Jane Paciulla. • John was born in 1935 in Panama and Jane was born in 1931 (location unknown). John and Jane married in 1960 in Louisiana.32 It is unknown if they had any children. 29 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 16 33 Ancestry.com. California, U.S., Federal Naturalization Records, 1843-1999. 34 Ancestry.com. California, U.S., Divorce Index, 1966-1984. 35 Newspaper.com, “Stuart Hunter Vidanage”, The Los Gatos Times-Saratoga Observer, January 07, 1975. 36 Find A Grave.com, Sarath Chandra DeSilva Vidanage, https://www.findagrave.com/memor ial/172001724/sarath- chandra-vidanage. Year Owners Additional Details • John attended Stanford University during the 1950s and after graduation, he became a physician. • No additional information about John and Louise was found. ca. 1974-1976 Owner: Sarath Vidanage and Susan Middleton Vidanage • The next owners of the Property were Sarath and Susan Vidanage. • Sarath was born in 1942 in Kandy, Ceylon, India and was naturalized in 1963.33 Sarath and Susan married in 1965 but divorced in 1983.34 According to a 1975 Los Gatos Times-Saratoga Observer newspaper article, Sarath and Susan had one son, Stuart Hunter Vidanage.35 • During Sarath’s ownership of the Property, Sarath, along with his business partner Jim McCandless, co-owned the “Haven Nursery Company” located at 12585 Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road. • Sarath died in 2016.36 1976-1994 Owner: Roger M. Lee and Ruthiell “Ruth” Serlin (aka Ruthiell Shehan) Owner: Robert Serlin Trustees • The next owners of the house were Roger M. Lee and Ruthiell Serlin. During this time, the neighborhood was well established (Figure 16). • Roger was born in 1947 and Ruthiell was born in ca. 1941. • No additional information about Roger or Ruthiell was found • By 1986, the Property was placed in the Robert Serlin Trust. Ruthiell’s relationship to Robert Serlin is unknown. 1994-1997 Dr. David Midian Kurland and Laura Grace Chung Kurland • The next owners of the Property were David and Laura Kurland. • David was born in 1954 in New York and Grace was born in 1954 in Canada. They were married in Fairfax, Virginia in 1977. • During the time, that David and Laura owned the Property, David worked as a doctor, but it is unknown what profession Laura held. 1997 – 2007 Owner: Dennis Roberts and Laura Hayes • The next owners of the Property were David Midian Kurland and Laura Grace Chung Kurland. • No additional information about David and Laure was found. 30 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 17 Figure 12. 1948 aerial photograph showing the Property surrounded by orchards and trees (courtesy of University of Santa Barbara). Figure 13. 1953 USGS Coopertino Quadrangle 7.5 minute series topographic map showing the Property along Thelma Avenue. 31 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 18 Figure 14. 1956 aerial photograph showing the Property with the 1948 house (courtesy of University of Santa Barbara). Figure 15. 1968 aerial photograph showing the ca. 1948 house and the ca. 1960 garage addition (courtesy of University of Santa Barbara). 32 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 19 Figure 16. 1985 aerial photograph shows the Property within an area of dense residential development (courtesy of University of Santa Barbara). 33 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 20 ARCHITECTURAL STYLE The following section provides a brief understanding of the Ranch architectural style, and the Spanish Ranch subtype, associated with the ca. 1948 house within the Property. RANCH ARCHITECTURE (1930-1975) The Ranch architectural style symbolizes a distinct historical period of unprecedented population growth, economic gains, and suburban and urban development at mid-century. It provided a wide range of new, affordable, and desirable housing for many post-war families and new design and change in usage of interior and exterior spaces that integrated landscape into floorplans and design of the new commercial buildings. Though not credited with inventing the style, noted twentieth-century Architect Cliff May was primarily responsible for popularizing the Ranch House style in America during the 1930s and 1940s, and he designed some of the most remarkable Ranch Houses in America. May worked closely with Sunset Magazine editors to publicize his ideas about the new Ranch House, and in collaboration with Sunset Magazine, he edited two popular publications about Ranch House design, which contained many of May’s designs. • One or two stories asymmetrical forms, some with one or more wings • Gabled roof with wide eaves with exposed rafter tails • Exposed post and beam construction • Attached garages, often forming one wing; gable and wing form • Brick or stone chimneys • Setting in close relationship to the associated landscape; integral landscape design • Dutch doors, French doors, and sliding glass doors • Shutters on houses; and simple wood or metal hand-railing SPANISH RANCH (CA. 1935 – CA. 1985) The Spanish Ranch architectural style, also known as California Hacienda, is a subtype of Ranch Architecture that stemmed from the working ranches, or haciendas, of the Spanish Colonial period in the American Southwest in the 1830s. The Spanish Ranch subtype began ca. 1935 as a stylized form of Ranch architecture, becoming most prolific in the 1970s to ca. 1985. The style is characterized by the following elements: • low, long profile • wide eave overhangs • winged additions • patios and courtyards 34 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 21 HISTORIC ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY On March 16, 2022, EDS Principal Architectural Historian Stacey De Shazo, M.A. completed a historic architectural survey of the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape. The following section documents the results of the built architectural survey. CA. 1948 HOUSE The ca. 1948 house is associated with the Ranch architectural style and the Spanish Ranch subtype (Figure 17). The ca. 1948 house is constructed on a concrete slab foundation. The house has a low-pitched roof clad in red Spanish style “claylite” tiles with matching eave bird stops (Figure 18) that was added in 2001 and decorative wood elements around the porch. While the one-story house currently demonstrates an irregular U-shaped plan, the building consists of four construction phases, including the original ca. 1948 form and three additions (ca. 1955 addition, ca. 1960 garage addition, and ca. 1980 addition). The irregular roofline demonstrates the additions, utilizing both gabled and hipped roofing systems. The ca. 1948 form consists of two hipped roofs connected by a gable roof. There are two wide rectangular chimneys located along the eaves of the original form. The ca. 1948 form extended north to the south wall of the recessed form (aka hyphen) and extended south to a hipped roof section to the east, about two-thirds of its current length. The first addition to the ca. 1948 house appears to have occurred in ca. 1955 and is a hipped roof addition that projects east, creating a wing from the original southern form, adding to the then shorter L-shaped plan, evidenced by a change in window design and materials, from single-hung wood windows within the ca. 1948 form and sliding sash, aluminum windows within the ca. 1955 addition. The second addition is the ca. 1960 garage addition that includes the construction of the recessed form (aka hyphen) and the enclosure and incorporation of the original garage as part of the house. The third addition occurred in ca. 1980, which modified the ca. 1960 garage addition, expanding it to the east and changing the roofline into a gabled wing, creating the current irregular u-shape of the house. The ca. 1948 house is clad in three distinct finishes, including brick cladding white-washed with a textured wash.37 The original form also consists of painted brick, without the textured wash, which was likely the original design and later white-washed. The additions include several different stucco finishing styles. 37 In 2008, the brick was misidentified by the Heritage Preservation Commission (HPC) as adobe brick. 35 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 22 Figure 17. West elevation, denoting the initial ca. 1948 house. Figure 18. Detail of bird stop/eave closure on corner of the hipped roof. 36 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 23 West Elevation (primary façade) The west elevation (primary façade) consists of the original ca. 1948 form of the house and the ca. 1955 addition and ca. 1960 garage addition. At the southwest corner of the ca. 1948 form is a four-light, one-over- one, single-hung, wood window with a thick extending windowsill (Figure 19). There is an incorporated porch, supported by four square wood columns with decorative brackets, located between the two hipped sections and includes one of the painted brick chimneys. The porch floor is brick and slightly raised. Set within the incorporated porch is a fixed, single-light, wood window with a decorative grate, a wood-paneled door, and an aluminum sliding sash window (Figure 20). There is also scalloped trim extending around the interior section's perimeter where the porch ceiling and house form meet (Figure 21). The original hipped section on the northern section of the house was originally a single-car garage; however, it was modified in ca. 1960, incorporating the original garage as part of the house. The modifications to the original garage include white- washed brick cladding and a sixteen-light, fixed, picture window with louvered windows on either side, which are protected by screens (Figure 22). To the north of the ca. 1948 form is the recessed form (aka hyphen), which connects the house with the ca. 1960 garage addition, and includes a pair of two-over-two, single-hung, wood windows on the west side (Figure 23). On the north elevation of the original hipped section is a pair of two-over-two, single-hung, wood windows. The south elevation adjacent to the recessed form (aka hyphen) is a fixed, clerestory, wood window. The position of this window may suggest that the recessed form was an afterthought to connect with the ca. 1948 form to the ca. 1960 garage addition. The northernmost section of the current house consists of the ca. 1960 garage with a metal roll-up garage door (Figure 24). Figure 19. Southwest corner, showing the chimney and window beneath the hipped roof, facing southeast. 37 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 24 Figure 20. Incorporated porch, with fenestration and the corner of the chimney. Figure 21. Aluminum sliding sash window, beneath scalloped trim, facing east. 38 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 25 Figure 22. Picture window, located at infilled garage, facing northeast. Figure 23. Hyphen, connection garage to main house, facing southeast. 39 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 26 Figure 24. ca. 1960 garage addition, including the ca. 190 garage and recessed form (aka hyphen) and the original modified garage that was incorporated as part of house in ca. 1960, facing east. North Elevation The north elevation consists of a portion of the ca. 1960 garage addition and the ca. 1980 addition, denoted by its stucco finish, which differs from the washed bricks on the remaining elevations. The westernmost section includes the ca. 1960 garage, which has a fixed, single-light, clerestory, wood window (Figure 25). The elevation extends east, including a ten-light, wood-framed door, which has a screen over it, and three aluminum sliding windows (Figure 26). 40 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 27 Figure 25. Clerestory window at garage section of north elevation, facing south. Figure 26. North elevation, facing southeast. 41 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 28 East Elevation The east elevation consists of hipped and gabled wings of the ca. 1948 house and the main eastern section of the original ca. 1948 form, making up the current u-shaped plan. The southern, gabled end includes a wood porch and a glass sliding metal door. There is a gable vent at the center below the peak; an off-center shed extends from this gable, which houses mechanical components, accessed via metal doors (Figure 27). The south elevation of the gabled wing includes an incorporated porch supported by six square, wood columns, each of which has decorative brackets (Figure 28). There is a raised porch floor covered in red tiles, providing access to three evenly spaced sliding glass metal doors. The north section of the original east elevation consists of three windows located below the north hipped roof (Figure 29). The northernmost window is an infilled door, likely the original rear entrance to the previous garage, with a one-over-two, single-hung, aluminum window. To the south is a narrow, fixed-light window and an aluminum sliding sash window, with two lights on the north sash and one on the south sash. To the south of these windows is the location of the original porch that has been enclosed (likely in the 1970s or 1980s) and currently consists of a sliding glass door beneath large, fixed, single-light windows over wood paneling (Figure 30). The north elevation of the south wing includes a sliding glass door that opens onto the courtyard (Figure 31). Figure 27. Gabled end, with wood porch and shed extension, facing northwest. 42 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 29 Figure 28. South elevation of gabled wing, with incorporated porch. Figure 29. East elevation, facing west, with infilled single door. 43 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 30 Figure 30. East elevation, facing west, showing sliding glass doors between fixed windows and decorative paneling. Figure 31. East elevation and north elevation of south wing, facing southwest. 44 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 31 South Elevation The south elevation is the section of the house that faces Thelma Avenue. It includes sections from both the original ca. 1948 form and ca. 1955 addition (Figure 32). The western section consists of the original ca. 1948 form, including three two-over-two, single-hung, wood windows, though the center window is smaller than the other two. The eastern section of the ca. 1955 addition consists of an aluminum sliding window. The west section is finished with the textured wash over brick, while the addition appears to only have a smooth coating of white-wash over the brick without any added texture (Figure 33). Figure 32. South elevation, facing north. 45 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 32 Figure 33. South elevation, showing the textured white-wash along the original ca. 1948 wall and the un-textured white-wash along the ca. 1955 addition (right). ASSOCIATED LANDSCAPE The associated landscape is not associated with any landscape architectural design. The front yard consists primarily of a semi-circular exposed aggregate concrete driveway, inlaid with brick at each edge, which loops around the front of the building, accessing the garage and street (Figure 34). Small shrubs, trees, and flowers are planted around the driveway. The backyard, consisting of a courtyard, has pavers of both brick and slate, surrounded by a lawn. Three larger trees are also included within the Property. 46 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 33 Figure 34. Showing the inlaid with brick and exposed aggregate concrete driveway, facing northeast. ALTERATIONS TO THE CA. 1948 HOUSE Although the alterations are thoroughly documented in the Property History section, which includes historic aerials and maps of the property, the following section breaks out the most significant alternations in a bulleted list. This is followed by an alternation diagram showing the original ca. 1948 form and three additions, including the ca. 1955 addition, ca. 1960 garage addition, and ca. 1980 addition (Figure 35). • Original construction: ca. 1949/Alterations: ca. 1955 addition, ca. 1960 garage addition, and ca. 1980 addition • Replacement windows, not original to the design or construction of the ca. 1948 house, include aluminum, sixteen-light, fixed, picture window with louvered windows, two-over-two single hung wood windows, and sliding sash aluminum windows. • The ca. 1948 house is clad in three distinct finishes, including brick cladding white -washed with a textured wash.38 The original form also consists of painted brick, without the textured wash, which was likely the original design and later white-washed. The additions include several different stucco finishing styles • New roof in 2001 (attache permit; Appendix B) 38 In 2008, the brick was misidentified by the HPC as adobe brick. 47 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 34 Figure 35. Google aerial view of the Property. EVALUATION OF HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE The Property, including the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape, was evaluated to determine individual eligibility for listing on the CRHR. The ca. 1948 house and associated landscape appear to be associated with post-WWII housing development in Saratoga from ca. 1945 to ca. 1970. The ca. 1948 house was evaluated for its association with Ranch architecture and the Spanish Ranch subtype within a period of significance of ca. 1948, the estimated date of construction. The associated landscape is not associated with any landscape architectural design or landscape planning. CALIFORNIA REGISTER OF HISTORICAL RESOURCES The CRHR is an inventory of significant architectural, archaeological, and historical resources in the State of California. Resources can be listed in the CRHR through several methods. State Historical Landmarks and NRHP listed properties are automatically listed in the CRHR. Properties can also be nominated to the CRHR by local governments, private organizations, or citizens. The CRHR follows similar guidelines to those used for the NRHP. One difference is that the CRHR identifies the Criteria for Evaluati on numerically instead of alphabetically. Another difference, according to the OHP is that “It is possible that historical resources may not retain sufficient integrity to meet the criteria for listing in the NRHP, but they may still be eligible for 48 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 35 listing in the California Register. A resource that has lost its historic character or appearance may still have sufficient integrity for the California Register if it maintains the potential to yield significant scientific or historical information or specific data”.39 To qualify for listing in the CRHR a property must possess significance under one of the four criteria and have historical integrity. The process of determining integrity consists of evaluating seven variables or aspects that include location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling and association. According to the National Register Bulletin: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation , these seven characteristics are defined as follows: • Location is the place where the historic property was constructed. • Design is the combination of elements that create the form, plans, space, structure, and style of the property. • Setting addresses the physical environment of the historic property inclusive of the landscape and spatial relationships of the building(s). • Materials refer to the physical elements that were combined or deposited during a particular period of time and in a particular pattern of configuration to form the historic property. • Workmanship is the physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture or people during any given period in history. • Feeling is the property’s expression of the aesthetic or historic sense of a particular period of time. • Association is the direct link between an important historic event or person and a historic property. The following section examines the individual eligibility of the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape for listing on the CRHR. CRHR EVALUATION 1. (Event): Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage. The Property was originally part of a fruit orchard associated with agriculture and fruit farming in Saratoga in the later 1800s and early 1900s; however, in the late 1940s, after WWII ended, the surrounding orchard was subdivided, and the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape was developed as part of a residential area known as the Golden Triangle. Although the development of this residential area appears to be associated with post-WWII housing development in Saratoga from ca. 1945 to ca. 1970, individually the Property does not have the ability to convey this significance. Therefore, the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape does not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 1. 39 California Office of Historic Preservation Technical Assistance Series #6 California Register and National Register: A Comparison (for purposes of determining eligibility for the California Register). 49 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 36 2. (Person): Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past. The ownership and occupancy history of the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape was thoroughly researched, and it does not appear to be associated with a person or organization important in our past. Therefore, the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape does not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 2. 3. (Construction/Architecture): Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of a n important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values. Architecture: The ca. 1948 house is associated with Ranch architecture and the Spanish Ranch subtype within a period of significance of ca. 1948, the estimated date of construction. The Spanish Ranch subtype began ca. 1935 as a stylized form of Ranch architecture. While stylized Ranch styles began in 1935, this design became most prolific in the 1970s until ca. 1985. The ca. 1948 house was constructed during the early phase of the Spanish Ranch subtype. The house consists of textured white-wash over brick, textured stucco on the additions, red Spanish style “claylite” tiles (though added in 2001) and bracketed, square wood columns, exposed rafters, and irregular floor and roof plans. Although the house contains some character-defining elements of the Spanish Ranch style, the design of the ca. 1948 house evolved from at least four phases of construction, including the original ca. 1948 form and three additions (ca. 1955 addition, ca, 1960 garage addition, and ca. 1980 addition), of which none of the elements consistently follow the Spanish Ranch style. Thus, the ca. 1948 house does not embody the distinctive characteristics of the Spanish Ranch design. It is also not the first to be designed within this style, nor is it the work of an important creative individual or possesses high artistic values. The ca. 1948 house is not representative of the Spanish Ranch architectural style. The associated landscape is not associated with any landscape architecture design or planned landscape. Therefore, the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape do not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 3. 4. (Information potential): Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Criterion 4 most commonly applies to resources that contain or are likely to contain information bearing on an important archaeological research question. While most often applied to archaeological sites, Criterion 4 can also apply to buildings that contain important information. For a building to be eligible under Criterion 4, it must be a principal source of important information, such as exhibiting a local variation on a standard design or construction technique can be eligible if a study can yield important information, such as how local availability of materials or construction expertise affected the evolution of local building development. The ca. 1948 house does not appear to have the ability to convey information about the history of 50 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 37 Spanish Ranch architecture or Ranch architecture ; therefore, the Property’s built environment is not eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 4. The Property was not assessed to determine the presence of, or potential for, any associated archaeological deposits. INTEGRITY For a property to qualify for listing in the CRHR, it must possess significance under one or more of the above- listed criteria and have historical integrity. There are seven variables or aspects used to judge historic integrity, including location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association.40 A resource must possess the aspects of integrity related to the historical theme(s) and period of significance identified for the built-environment resources. National Register Bulletin 15 explains, “only after significance is fully established can you proceed to the issue of integrity.” The Property, including the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape was not found to be eligible for the CRHR under any criterion; therefore, an integrity analysis was not completed. CURRENT LOCAL LISTING In September 2008, the Property was listed on the Saratoga Heritage Resource Inventory; however, no documentation such as DRP 523 forms or local Historic Resource Inventory forms were completed in support of the local listing.41 According to State CEQA Guidelines CCR § 15064.5, “A resource included in a local register of historical resources, as defined in PRC § 5020.1(k) or identified as significant in a historical resource survey meeting the requirements PRC § 5024.1(g), shall be presumed to be historically or culturally significant. Public agencies must treat any such resource as significant unless the preponderance of the evidence demonstrates that it is not historically or culturally significant” “The fact that a resource is not listed in or determined to be eligible for listing in the CRHR, not included in a local register of historical resources pursuant to PRC § 5020.1(k) or identified in a historical resources survey meeting the criteria in PRC § 5024.1(g) does not preclude a lead agency from determining that the resource may be a historical resource as defined in PRC § 5020.1(j) or § 5024.1.” However, the listing of the subject Property does not meet the requirements of PRC § 5020.1(k) or PRC § 5024.1(g). Due to apparent non-compliance with city and CEQA guidelines for listing local historical resources, the city requested an HRE be completed to determine if the Property is eligible for listing on the CRHR and provide recommendations for local listing. 40 National Park Service, National Register Bulletin: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation (Washington, D.C.: United States Department of the Interior, 1997). 41 No records were located with the City, local historical societies, or with the NWIC. 51 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 38 CONCLUSIONS EDS completed an HRE of the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County (APN 393- 34-009) that included a ca. 1948 house and associated landscape to determine if the Property is individually eligible for listing on the CRHR (14 CCR §15064.5 and PRC§ 21084.1) and if the proposed Project would have an adverse impact on historical resources. The methods used to complete the HRE included research and an intensive level historic architectural survey conducted by EDS Principal Architectural Historian Stacey De Shazo, M.A., who exceeds the Secretary of the Interior’s qualification standards in Architectural History and History, as well as Nicole LaRochelle, B.A. and Bee Thao, M.A. The HRE determined that the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape does not meet the eligibility requirements for listing on the CRHR and is not currently listed on any national, state, or local register of historic resources; therefore, the Property does not meet the definition of a historical resource under CEQA. As such, the proposed Project will not impact built environment historical resources within the Property. ADDITIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LOCAL LISTING Under the California Code of Regulations Section 15064.5, cultural resources are historically significant if they are a resource included in a local register of historical resources, as defined in section 5020.1(k) of the Public Resources Code or identified as significant in a historical resource survey meeting the requirements section 5024.1(g) of the Public Resources Code, shall be presumed to be historically or culturally significant. Public agencies must treat any such resource as significant unless the preponderance of the evidence demonstrates that it is not historically or culturally significant. In 2008 the Heritage Preservation Commission (HPC), based on visual inspection, determined that the ca. 1948 house qualified to be locally listed under “Criterion C”. However, no documentation was submitted in support of this finding, and no recognized architectural style, except a reference to an “existing adobe brick home”,42 or period of significance was noted in the HPC meeting minutes from 9/9/2008. As such, due to the lack of any documentation, such as an HRE with context and significance and integrity analysis, or DPR 523 forms, the minimum for local, state, or national listing, EDS recommends the city consider utilizing the findings within this HRE, completed by EDS’ Professional Architectural Historian Stacey De Shazo, as a preponderance of the evidence under CEQA to remove the ca. 1948 house from the local listing and exempt the proposed Project from further review. HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION MEETING: APRIL 12, 2022 On April 12, 2022, EDS Principal Architectural Historian, Stacey De Shazo, M.A., who exceeds the Secretary of Interior Standards in Architectural History and History, presented to the HPC the HRE and DPR documentation of the property in compliance with CEQA and the State OHP guidelines, as a preponderance 42 There is no known architecture style in ca. 1948 in the U.S. known as Adobe. The architectural style of the house is misidentified. The use of adobe brick or sun-dried brick is a distinctive material associated with a specific architectural style known as Adobe architecture (aka Pueblo architecture), which in California is often associated with Mexican Rancho buildings or Spanish Missions, but more often is associated with the architecture of New Mexico and Arizona. 52 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 39 of evidence to delist the Property as it had been listed under false assumptions. Although the HPC did not put forth any evidence that would advise otherwise, the agenda item to delist the Property was continued, in part because no commissioners had conducted a site visit to the Property prior to the April 12, 2022 HPC meeting and noted that they would like a chance to do so before making a decision. Although it was assumed that a site visit could have been conducted prior to the April 12, 2022 meeting, the owner of the Property has agreed to have each of the HPC members to the Property to conduct a site visit and continue the agenda item related the delisting of the Property. REQUIREMENTS FOR LOCAL LISTING The City would be required to complete the Heritage Resource Designation Form, including the DPRs, and complete the following questions. HERITAGE RESOURCE DESIGNATION CRITERIA The site or structure qualifies for designation because: If it retains a substantial degree of architectural and structural integrity with respect to the original design, and it meets at least one of the following criteria (two for Landmark status): a) It exemplifies or reflects special elements of the cultural, social, economic, political, aesthetic, engineering or architectural history of the City, the County, the State or the nation; or b) It is identified with persons or events significant in local, county, state or national history; or c) It embodies distinctive characteristics of a style, type, period or method of construction, or is a valuable example of the use of indigenous materials; or d) It is representative of the notable design or craft of a builder, designer, or architect; or e) It embodies or contributes to unique physical characteristics representing an established and familiar visual feature of a neighborhood or district within the City; or f) It represents a significant concentration or continuity of site, buildings, structures or objects, unified by past events or aesthetically by plan or physical or natural development; or g) It embodies or contributes to a unique natural setting or environment constituting a distinct area or district within the City having special character or special historical, architectural or aesthetic interest or value. 53 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 40 BIBLIOGRAPHY Archives & Architecture, LLC, Heritage Resources Inventory, Prepared for the City of Saratoga, 2009. Ancestry.com California, U.S., State Court Naturalization Records, 1850-1986 1880 United States Federal Census U.S., City Directories, 1822-1995 California, U.S., Divorce Index, 1966-1984 Louisiana, U.S., Compiled Marriage Index, 1718-1925 California, U.S., Marriage Index, 1960-1985 California, U.S., Federal Naturalization Records, 1843-1999 California State Library; Sacramento, California; Great Register of Voters, 1900-1968 Clay, Karen, “Property Rights and Institutions: Congress and the California Land Act 1851”, The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, 59(01):122-142, March 1999. Campbell Historical Museum, https://www.ci.campbell.ca.us/332/Historical -Museum-Ainsley-House, accessed March 4, 2022, Foote, H.S., “Pen Pictures From The Garden of the World or Santa Clara County, California, Illustrated”, Chicago: The Lewis Publishing Company, 1888 Gudde, Erwin Gustav, and William Bright. California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names. University of California Press. 1998. McAlester, Virginia and Lee McAlester, A Field Guild to American Houses, New York, Alfred A. Knopf. Munro-Fraser, J.P. 2013. Newspapers.com “Claudia Moser”, Los Gatos Daily Times and Los Gatos Times (January 12, 1951) “Teresa Lynn Moser”, Los-Gatos Saratoga Observer”, July 24, 1962 “Susan Jane Moser”, Los-Gatos Saratoga Observer, April 25, 1952 “Stuart Hunter Vidanage”, The Los Gatos Times-Saratoga Observer, January 07, 1975 Nancy Olmsted. Vanished Waters: A History of San Francisco's Mission Bay, Mission Creek Conservancy, San Francisco, 1986. Rifkind, Carole, A Field Guide to Contemporary American Architecture. A Dutton Book. New York, NY, 1998. pg. 270-277 Timothy Stanley, The Last of the Prune Pickers: A Pre-Silicon Valley Story, Timothy Publishing. 2010. Tyler, Norman, Ted Ligibel, and Ilene R. Tyler, Historic Preservation: An Introduction to Its History, Principles, and Practice, New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2009. 54 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 41 U.C. Santa Barbara Library 1939 Aerial photograph of Saratoga. 1948 Aerial photograph of Saratoga. 1965 Aerial photograph of Saratoga. 1980 Aerial photograph of Saratoga. 55 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 42 Appendix A: DPR Forms 56 Page 1 of 17 *Resource Name or #: 13514 Hammons Avenue P1. Other Identifier: DPR 523A (9/2013) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial NRHP Status Code Other Listing Review Code Reviewer Date *P2.Location:  Not for Publication Unrestricted *a. County Santa Clara and *b. USGS 7.5' Quad Cupertino Date 1991 T 8S ; R 2W; NE ¼ of NE ¼ of Sec 1 ; MD B.M. c.Address 13514 Saratoga Avenue City Saratoga Zip 94070 d.UTM: Zone 10N , 586225 mE/ 4125483 mN e.Other Locational Data: The resource is located within the .032-acre property Assessor’s Parcel Number (APN) 393-34-009 at 13514 Saratoga Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. The Property is situated on the northeast corner of Hammons Road and Thelma Avenue, approximately 2.8 miles south of Highway 85 and 1.1 miles north of downtown Saratoga. *P3a. Description: The resource includes a ca. 1948 house and associated landscape. The ca. 1948 house is associated with the Ranch architectural style and the Spanish Ranch sub-type. The ca. 1948 house is constructed on a concrete slab foundation. The house has a low-pitched roof clad in red mission tiles with matching eave bird stops and decorative wood elements around the porch. While the one-story house currently demonstrates an irregular U-shaped plan, the building consists of four construction phases, including the original ca. 1948 form and three additions (ca. 1955 addition, ca, 1960 garage addition, and ca. 1980 addition) (Continued on Continuation Sheet, Page 2) *P3b. Resource Attributes: HP2. Single-family property (ca. 1948 house) *P4. Resources Present:  Building  Structure  Object  Site  District  Element of District  Other P5b. Description of Photo: ca. 1948 house, facing northeast. *P6.Date Constructed/Age and Source: Historic  Prehistoric  Both ca. 1948; various sources *P7.Owner and Address: Kyung Shin 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, California, 95070 *P8.Recorded by: Stacey De Shazo, M.A., Evans & De Shazo, Inc., 1141 Gravenstein Highway S, Sebastopol, CA 95472 *P9.Date Recorded: 03/16/2022 *P10. Survey Type: Intensive *P11. Report Citation: Stacey De Shazo, Nicole LaRochelle, and Bee Thao (2022), Historic Resource Evaluation of the Property Located at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. *Attachments: NONE Location Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record  Other (List): P5a. Photograph or Drawing 57 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 2 of 17 (Continued from Primary Sheet, page 1) The irregular roofline demonstrates the additions, utilizing both gabled and hipped roofing systems. The ca. 1948 form consists of two hipped roofs connected by a gable roof. There are two wide rectangular chimneys located along the eaves of the original form. The ca. 1948 form extended north to the south wall of the recessed form (aka hyphen) and extended south to a hipped roof section to the east, about two-thirds of its current length. The first addition to the ca. 1948 house appears to have occurred in ca. 1955 and is a hipped roof addition that projects east, creating a wing from the original southern form, adding to the then shorter L-shaped plan, evidenced by a change in window design and materials, from single-hung wood windows within the ca. 1948 form and sliding sash, aluminum windows within the ca. 1955 addition. The second addition is the ca. 1960 garage addition that includes the construction of the recessed form (aka hyphen) and the enclosure and incorporation of the original garage as part of the house. The third addition occurred in ca. 1980, which modified the ca. 1960 garage addition, expanding it to the east and changing the roofline into a gabled wing, creating the current irregular u-shape of the house. The ca. 1948 house is clad in three distinct finishes, including brick cladding white-washed with a textured wash.1 The original form also consists of painted brick, without the textured wash, which was likely the original design and later white-washed. The additions include several different stucco finishing styles. Figure 1. West elevation, denoting the initial ca. 1948 house. 1 In 2008, the brick was misidentified by the Heritage Preservation Commission as adobe brick. 58 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 3 of 17 Figure 2. Detail of bird stop/eave closure on the corner of the hipped roof. West Elevation (primary façade) The west elevation (primary façade) consists of the original ca. 1948 form of the house and the ca. 1955 addition and ca. 1960 garage addition. At the southwest corner of the ca. 1948 form is a four-light, one-over- one, single-hung, wood window with a thick extending windowsill (Figure 3). There is an incorporated porch, supported by four square wood columns with decorative brackets, located between the two hipped sections and includes one of the painted brick chimneys. The porch floor is brick and slightly raised. Set within the incorporated porch is a fixed, single-light, wood window with a decorative grate, a wood-paneled door, and an aluminum sliding sash window (Figure 4). There is also scalloped trim extending around the interior section's perimeter where the porch ceiling and house form meet (Figure 5). The original hipped section on the northern section of the house was originally a single-car garage; however, it was modified in ca. 1960, incorporating the original garage as part of the house. The modifications to the original garage include white- washed brick cladding and a sixteen-light, fixed, picture window with louvered windows on either side, which are protected by screens (Figure 6). To the north of the ca. 1948 form is the recessed form (aka hyphen), which connects the house with the ca. 1960 garage addition, and includes a pair of two-over-two, single-hung, wood windows on the west side (Figure 7). On the north elevation of the original hipped section is a pair of two-over-two, single-hung, wood windows. The south elevation adjacent to the recessed form (aka hyphen) is a fixed, clerestory, wood window. The position of this window may suggest that the reces sed form was an afterthought to connect with the ca. 1948 form to the ca. 1960 garage addition. The northernmost section of the current house consists of the ca. 1960 garage with a metal roll-up garage door (Figure 8). 59 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 4 of 17 Figure 3. Southwest corner, showing the chimney and window beneath the hipped roof, facing southeast. Figure 4. Incorporated porch, with fenestration and the corner of the chimney. 60 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 5 of 17 Figure 5. Aluminum sliding sash window, beneath scalloped trim, facing east. Figure 6. Picture window, located at infilled garage, facing northeast. 61 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 6 of 17 Figure 7. Hyphen, connection garage to main house, facing southeast. Figure 8. ca. 1960 garage addition, including the ca. 190 garage and recessed form (aka hyphen) and the original modified garage that was incorporated as part of house in ca. 1960, facing east. 62 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 7 of 17 North Elevation The north elevation consists of a portion of the ca. 1960 garage addition and the ca. 1980 addition, denoted by its stucco finish, which differs from the washed bricks on the remaining elevations. The westernmost section includes the ca. 1960 garage, which has a fixed, single-light, clerestory, wood window (Figure 9). The elevation extends east, including a ten-light, wood-framed door, which has a screen over it, and three aluminum sliding windows (Figure 10). Figure 9. Clerestory window at garage section of north elevation, facing south. 63 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 8 of 17 Figure 10. North elevation, facing southeast. East Elevation The east elevation consists of hipped and gabled wings of the ca. 1948 house and the main eastern section of the original ca. 1948 form, making up the current u-shaped plan. The southern, gabled end includes a wood porch and a glass sliding metal door. There is a gable vent at the center below the peak; an off -center shed extends from this gable, which houses mechanical components, accessed via metal doors (Figure 11). The south elevation of the gabled wing includes an incorporated porch supported by six square, wood columns, each of which has decorative brackets (Figure 12). There is a raised porch floor covered in red tiles, providing access to three evenly spaced sliding glass metal doors. The north section of the original east elevation consists of three windows located below the north hipped roof (Figure 13). The northernmost window is an infilled door, likely the original rear entrance to the previous garage, with a one-over-two, single-hung, aluminum window. To the south is a narrow, fixed-light window and an aluminum sliding sash window, with two lights on the north sash and one on the south sash. To the south of these windows is the location of th e original porch that has been enclosed (likely in the 1970s or 1980s) and currently consists of a sliding glass door beneath large, fixed, single-light windows over wood paneling (Figure 14). The north elevation of the south wing includes a sliding glass door that opens onto the courtyard (Figure 15). 64 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 9 of 17 Figure 11. Gabled end, with wood porch and shed extension, facing northwest. 65 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 10 of 17 Figure 12. South elevation of gabled wing, with incorporated porch. Figure 13. East elevation, facing west, with infilled single door. 66 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 11 of 17 Figure 14. East elevation, facing west, showing sliding glass doors between fixed windows and decorative paneling. Figure 15. East elevation and north elevation of south wing, facing southwest. South Elevation The south elevation is the section of the house that faces Thelma Avenue. It includes sections from both the 67 DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013) State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13631 Saratoga Avenue Page 12 of 16 original ca. 1948 form and ca. 1955 addition (Figure 16). The western section consists of the original ca. 1948 form, including three two-over-two, single-hung, wood windows, though the center window is smaller than the other two. The eastern section of the ca. 1955 addition consists of an aluminum sliding window. The west section is finished with the textured wash over brick, while the addition appears to only have a smooth coating of white-wash over the brick without any added texture (Figure 17). Figure 16. South elevation, facing north. 68 DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013) State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13631 Saratoga Avenue Page 13 of 16 Figure 17. South elevation, showing the textured white-wash along the original ca. 1948 wall and the un- textured white-wash along the ca. 1955 addition (right). Associated Landscape The associated landscape is not associated with any landscape architectural design. The front yard consists primarily of a semi-circular exposed aggregate concrete driveway, inlaid with brick at each edge, which loops around the front of the building, accessing the garage and street (Figure 18). Small shrubs, trees, and flowers are planted around the driveway. The backyard, consisting of a courtyard, has pavers of both brick and slate, surrounded by a lawn. Three larger trees are also included within the property. 69 DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013) State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13631 Saratoga Avenue Page 14 of 16 Figure 18. Showing the inlaid with brick and exposed aggregate concrete driveway, facing northeast California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) Evaluation 1. (Event): Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage. The property was originally part of a fruit orchard associated with agriculture and fruit farming in Saratoga in the later 1800s and early 1900s; however, in the late 1940s, after World War II (WWII) ended, the surrounding orchard was subdivided, and the property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape was developed as part of a residential area known as the Golden Triangle. Although the development of this residential area appears to be associated with post-WWII housing development in Saratoga from ca. 1945 to ca. 1970, individually the property does not have the ability to convey this significance. Therefore, the property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape does not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 1. 2. (Person): Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past. The ownership and occupancy history of the property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape was thoroughly researched, and it does not appear to be associated with a person or organization important in our past. Therefore, the property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landsca pe does not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 2. 70 DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013) State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13631 Saratoga Avenue Page 15 of 16 3. (Construction/Architecture): Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creati ve individual, or possesses high artistic values. Architecture: The ca. 1948 house is associated with Ranch architecture and the Spanish Ranch subtype within a period of significance of ca. 1948, the estimated date of construction. The Spanish Ranch subtype began ca. 1935 as a stylized form of Ranch architecture. While stylized Ranch styles began in 1935, this design became most prolific in the 1970s until ca. 1985. The ca. 1948 house was constructed during the early phase of the Spanish Ranch subtype. The house consists of textured white-wash over brick, textured stucco on the additions, red Spanish clay tiles and bracketed, square wood columns, exposed rafters, and irregular floor and roof plans. Although the house contains some character-defining elements of the Spanish Ranch style, the design of the ca. 1948 house evolved from at least four phases of construction, including the original ca. 1948 form and three additions (ca. 1955 addition, ca, 1960 garage addition, and ca. 1980 addition), of which none of the elements consistently follow the Spanish Ranch style. Thus, the ca. 1948 house does not embody the distinctive characteristics of the Spanish Ranch design. It is also not the first to be designed within this style, nor is it the work of an important creative individual or possesses high artistic values. The ca. 1948 house is not representative of the Spanish Ranch architectural style. The associated landscape is not associated with any landscape architecture design or planned landscape. Therefore, the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape do not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 3. 4. (Information potential): Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Criterion 4 most commonly applies to resources that contain or are likely to contain information bearing on an important archaeological research question. While most often applied to archaeological sites, Criterion 4 can also apply to buildings that contain important information. For a building to be eligible under Criterion 4, it must be a principal source of important information, such as exhibiting a local variation on a standard design or construction technique can be eligible if a study can yield important information, such as how local availability of materials or construction expertise affected the evolution of local building development. The ca. 1948 house does not appear to have the ability to convey information about the history of Spanish Ranch architecture or Ranch architecture; therefore, the property’s built environment is not eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 4. The property was not assessed to determine the presence of, or potential for, any associated archaeological deposits. 71 Page 17 of 17 *Resource Name or # 13514 Saratoga Avenue ________ *Map Name: USGS 7.5’ Cupertino Quadrangle *Scale: 1:24,000 *Date of map: _1991_ DPR 523J (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013) * Required information State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# LOCATION MAP Trinomial 72 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. Appendix B: Permit 73 74 Page 1 of 2 MEMORANDUM MEETING DATE: April 12, 2022 TO: Heritage Preservation Commission (HPC) FROM: Christopher Riordan, Senior Planner SUBJECT: Item 6d – 13514 Hammons Avenue Consider removing property from the Heritage Resource Inventory APPLICATION: HPC22-0005 Property Location: 13514 Hammons Avenue Property APN: 393-34-009 Property Owner/Applicant: Kyung Mo Shin & Mi Sun Kang / Tom Sloan AIA Background: On November 12, 2008, the HPC reviewed a proposal to replace and relocate existing windows and apply new stucco to a single-story Ranch style residence located at 13514 Hammons Avenue. The applicant had requested the HPC review of the structure’s potential historical significance prior to proceeding with the project. During the meeting the HPC discussed maintaining the integrity of the exterior bricks, determined that the structure was historically significant, and approved a motion to add the structure to the City’s Heritage Resources Inventory (the Inventory) (Attachment 2). The HPC’s determination that the structure was historically significant and should be added to the Inventory was based on a finding that it qualified per City Code Section 13-15.010(c) in that the property embodies distinctive characteristics of the Adobe architectural style, type, and period. A DPR was not prepared in support of the local listing at the time. Project Description: In March 2022 a Historic Resources Evaluation (Attachment 3) was prepared by Evans and DeShazo, Inc. (EDS). The property, including the house and associated landscape was evaluated to determine its historical integrity. 75 Page 2 of 2 The ca. 1948 house is associated with the Ranch architectural style and the Spanish Ranch subtype. Constructed on a concrete slab, the house has a low-pitched red mission tile roof with decorative wood elements around the porch. The house was remodeled and added to in later years which increased the floor area of the residence and added a new two-car garage. These residential additions resulted in an irregular U-shaped building footprint with a roofline that includes both hipped and gabled roof forms and a combination of window types including the original single-hung window and sliding sash aluminum windows. The exterior of the structure includes bricks with a textured finish and other areas without a textured finish and stucco with several finishing styles. The report concluded that the house and associated landscaping does not meet the eligibility for listing on the California Resister of Historical Resources and is not listed on any national, state, or local register of historic resources. The report further concluded that the property does not meet the definition of a historical resource under the California Environmental Quality Act. The recommendation by EDS is that since the structure did not meet any of the four criterial for listing on the California Resister of Historical Resources, the structure should be removed from the Saratoga Heritage Resources Inventory. Staff Recommendation: Based on the findings by Evans and De Shazo, Inc, staff recommends the HPC find that the property does not meet any of the required criteria to be included on the City’s Heritage Resource Inventory and adopt the resolution to remove the site from the Inventory. Attachments: 1. Resolution 2. HPC Meeting Minutes, November 12, 2008 3. Historic Resource Evaluation and DPR prepared by Evans & DeShazo, Inc. dated March 30, 2022. 76 Page 1 of 2 RESOLUTION No. HP22-002 RESOLUTION OF THE HERITAGE PRESERVATION COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF SARATOGA FOR APPLICATION HPC22-0005 TO UPDATE THE HERITAGE RESOURCE INVENTORY BY REMOVING THE PROPERTY AT 13514 HAMMONS AVENUE FROM THE INVENTORY WHEREAS, the Heritage Preservation Commission was established by the City Council in 1982 to assist with and encourage the preservation of Saratoga’s heritage resources, and WHEREAS, one of the Commission’s primary duties, as established in Section 13.10.040(a) of the City Code is to update the Heritage Resource Inventory, and WHEREAS, on November 12, 2008, the Heritage Preservation Commission determined that the property at 13514 Hammons Avenue met criterion (c) as established by Section 13.15.010 of Saratoga’s Municipal Code, to include in the Heritage Resource Inventory. WHEREAS, on April 12, 2022, the Heritage Preservation Commission held a duly noticed public meeting on the subject matter, and considered new evidence presented by the property owner, and other interested parties. NOW THEREFORE, the Heritage Preservation Commission of the City of Saratoga hereby finds, determines and resolves as follows: Section 1: The recitals set forth above are true and correct and incorporated herein by reference. 77 Page 2 of 2 Section 2: The Heritage Preservation Commission has determined, based on the evidence provided by Evans & De Shazo, Inc., which included both a preparation of a Historic Resources Evaluation and a Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) Primary Record dated March 30, 2022, the HPC has determined that the property does not meet any of the required criteria to be included on the City’s Heritage Resources Inventory property. Section 3: The Heritage Preservation Commission hereby approves resolution HP22-002 to remove the property at 13514 Hammons Avenue from the Heritage Resource Inventory. PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Heritage Preservation Commission of the City of Saratoga on this 12th day of April 2022 by the following vote: AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: Priya Shastri Vice Chair, Heritage Preservation Commission Attest: Nicole Johnson Secretary, Heritage Preservation Commission 78 City of Saratoga H E R I T A G E P R E S E R V A T I O N C O M M I S S I O N Minutes Date: Wednesday, November 12, 2008 8:30 a.m. Place: Warner Hutton House, 13777 Fruitvale Avenue Type: Regular Meeting 1. Routine Organization A. Roll Call PRESENT – Commissioners Gomersall, Koepernik, McCarty, Tai, and Chair Kellond ABSENT – Vice Chair Marra STAFF – Senior Planner Christopher Riordan GUESTS – Susan Kim, Samuel Kim, Cindy Brozicevic, Kyung Shin, Hayoung Lee, Celine Chen, Matthew Chen, and David Perng B. Approval of minutes from November 12, 2008 meeting – Approved with no modifications. C. Posting of Agenda – Pursuant to Government Code Section 54954.2, the agenda was posted on November 5, 2008 – Staff announced this item. D. Oral & W ritten Communication Any member of the public may address the Commission about any matter not on the agenda for this meeting for up to three minutes. Commissioners may not comment on the matter but may choose to place the topic on a future agenda. None E. Oral Communications – Historic Preservation Commission direction to Staff – Instruction to staff regarding actions on current Oral Communications. – Commissioner Koepernik asked Senior Planner Christopher Riordan about the status of the wood on the barn to be demolished located at 13686 Quito Road since Hakone Gardens would be interested in the wood. Senior Planner Christopher Riordan replied that he has spoken to a representative of the developer and that the developer had promised to contact Planning Department staff prior to demolition of the barn so that plans could be made to salvage the wood. 2. Old Business A. Discuss National Registry & Saratoga Landmark Plaques – Item Discussed. Chair Kellond directed Senior Planner Christopher Riordan to bring the list of the Landmark Plaques to the December HPC meeting. B. Discuss Heritage Orchard Signage and November 5, 2008 City Council Meeting when the Council reviewed final plans for design of the sign – Item Discussed. Chair Kellond said that the City Council has approved the design for the Orchard Sign and that it had been approved but there were no allocated funds in the CIP budget to construct it. 79 3. New Business A. 8:30 a.m. Site Visit – 14370 Elva Avenue – Determination of whether the existing structure is historically significant and review plans for a proposed residential addition – Site visit completed. Item discussed. Mr. Kim said that the house has been a rental. Commissioner Gomersall said that the owner should proceed in fixing their home to meet their needs. Commissioner McCarty inquired if the property owner would need a building permit for the work and Senior Planner Christopher Riordan replied that a building permit would be required. Chair Kellond said that based on this morning’s site visit it was his opinion that the house had no historic value and Commissioner McCarty agreed. Chair Kellond stated that the HPC should let the project move forward and Commissioner Koepernik agreed. Motion by Commissioner Koepernik and seconded by Commissioner Gomersall that the house at 14370 Elva Avenue has no significant historical significance and the applicant should be allowed to move forward to the next step in the process. Carried on a 50 vote. B. 8:50 a.m. Site Visit – 20365 Williams Avenue – Determination of whether the existing structure is historically significant and review plans for a proposed residential addition – Site visit completed. Item discussed. Chair Kellond asked Architect David Perng if he would like to describe the project. Mr. Perng said that he did not have much to add that was not discussed in the staff report and shown on the plans, the project was basically new windows and a small addition to the rear of the house. Chair Kellond asked if there were any more questions from the applicant and as there were none he closed the public hearing. Commissioner Koepernik stated that the project was historically significant, the house is of a farmhouse style and it is likely that the rocks used on the building exterior probably came from a local creek, and that findings for criteria C, D,& E could be made. Commissioner Gomersall replied that she agreed with Commissioner Koepernik. Chair Kellond said that the proposed addition would be consistent with the existing architectural style, the addition would be an improvement, he agreed with the comments made by Commissioner Koepernik,, the existing windows are one of the most important features of the home and that he was unclear on the number of windows proposed for replacement. Mrs. Chen said there is a significant cost to add wood windows and that she would be keeping the existing wood trim around the windows and may consider wood windows at a later time but now would like to keep the costs of the project down. Chair Kellond said that if the budget was a concern than maybe the applicant should consider replacing the windows at a later time and that the existing wood windows on the house are a good feature, the applicant should focus on the addition at this time and install the new wood windows as a separate project phase. Mr. Chen replied that he would like to install new double pane windows as the noise from nearby Saratoga High School was loud. Mrs. Chen added that the existing windows have thin glass and that they were not energy efficient. Commissioner Koepernik said that he did not agree that the primary reason to remove old windows is their lack of energy efficiency. Chair Kellond said that there is a need to make findings since there is historical integrity to the house. Commissioner Koepernik said that he could make a 80 motion. Motion by Commissioner Koepernik and seconded by Commissioner McCarty that the house at 20365 Williams Avenue should be added to the City’s Historic Resources Inventory since the house has historic significance to the City of Saratoga and that he could make findings #’s C, D, & E, the new addition matches the style of the house and should be approved, new and replacement windows should be made of wood with a window style that matches the rest of the house, the existing aluminum windows are to be replaced with wood windows to match, new siding is to match the existing house. Commissioner Gomersall stated what she thought was unique to the home was the existing basement stairs and that since they were so unique and were a good example of how stairs were done in the past that this fact should be stated in the minutes for this meeting. Commissioner McCarty said that she was not against vinyl windows and could understand the need to have double pane windows as the home was so close to the High School. Architect David Perng said that the vinyl windows would keep the same style and that they would have internal grids. Commissioner Tai said that the goal of the Commission was to maintain the integrity of the home. Commissioner Koepernik suggested that the owner could pursue a Mills Act designation for the property which would have the effect of saving the property owner money. Mrs. Chen said that they plan to own the home for the next 2030 years and want to keep the outside look but that they really want vinyl windows. Mr. Chen said that being on the list would limit future buyers and the resale value of the home and was concerned that being on the list could stop a future demolition of the home. Chair Kellond said that under the Secretary of Interior Standards future additions to the home would not be limited and that there is much flexibility for additions. Carried on a 41 vote. C. 13514 Hammons Avenue – Review proposed new stucco exterior wall covering and replacement windows for an existing adobe brick home. Item discussed. Ms. Brozicevic stated that 44 percent of the house was constructed of adobe and the house has been added to over the course of time and that this project offered the opportunity to unify the design, the house would have a Santa Barbara styled exterior, the house would be covered with stucco, and that the “proud” adobe bricks would be visible through the stucco, the stucco would be affixed to the adobe with an adhesive, the stucco would be painted, the same finish applied to the interior of the house, the stucco would cover the existing wood header. Ms. Brozicevic showed the Commission pictures of adobe homes covered in stucco to illustrate how this was common for adobe homes. Ms. Brozicevic said that the project would keep as many existing exterior openings as possible and that new wood windows would be installed throughout the home, the brick used in the rear is inconsistent and stuccoing the bricks will bring uniformity to the structure. Chair Kellond said that he was concerned about the plaster adhesion method and possible moisture buildup behind the bricks. Ms. Brozicevic said that she had spoken to Mike at Greystone Plaster and that he said nails would likely pull out of the bricks and that glue was preferred. Chair asked if they were proposing to stucco over the wood header and Ms. Brozicevic responded yes. Commissioner McCarty said that she would like to see the wood header to stay the way it is and Ms. Brozicevic said that it was more historically consistent to cover the header. Chair Kellond 81 said that it was his understanding that all windows would be made of wood but questioned the material of the exterior trim and the color of the windows. Ms. Brozicevic said that the window color will be “sage green” and that the eves and trim would be “brown” with “grey” and the stucco would be “off white”. Chair Kellond said that he first wanted to discuss the issue of the homes historical significance. Ms. Brozicevic showed the Commission pictures of the adobe home that had been located near the subject house and that this adobe house had been demolished without HPC review. Chair Kellond said that he could not make assumptions based on photographs and that any opinion would be tough to make since they did not see it so it is hard to evaluate. Commissioner Koepernik said that it was unfortunate that this mistake had occurred. Motion by Commissioner Tai and seconded by Commissioner Gomersall that the home should be placed on the Historic List since Criteria “C” could be made. Carried on a 50 vote. Chair Kellond said that they should not discuss the issue of the stucco and that the last time the HPC met on this issue there was agreement that the covering the adobe bricks with stucco would be inconsistent with its style, remodeling work had been done to the house and this was at least an attempt to remedy previous mistakes and to give the home a comprehensive design, the house has both aluminum and wood windows, the adobe has historic value, the stucco will unify the project, would encourage the applicant to not do the two over two window design and to look at a variety of different configurations, would like to see wood header remain, can stucco over the header but this should be reinterpreted. Commissioner Koepernik said that it was an adobe structure that was built with this particular style in mind and new additions should be different, there are technical concerns of the adhesiveness of stucco over existing adobe brick in that the glue will not stick to the adobe but instead will stick to the paint that has been applied to the adobe bricks and that the glue will not hold so that you would be trading one problem for another and the adhesiveness of the glue is a concern, any cracks in the adobe will cause water to get behind it, there is a concern that cutting through the adobe for the windows will damage the adobe an cause new problems, the contractor must have a passion for this kind of work so that a good job is done, there are many problems that can arise from covering the existing adobe and I do not want to change the style. Ms. Brozicevic said that there are many adobe brick homes that are covered in stucco so there should not be a problem and the 50 year old threshold for historic structures is confusing. Chair Kellond said that he too was concerned about the stucco but liked the fact that the applicant was appreciating the adobe by wanting to expose some of the bricks. Commissioner Koepernik said that he hear what Chair Kellond is saying but respectfully disagrees with him. Commissioner Tai stated that she would like for the home to maintain its original adobe appearance since covering the home with plaster would changes its character, items of inconsistency should be fixed but does not know specifically how to do it and that it should be a personal choice to smooth the adobe bricks on the interior with plaster. Commissioner Gomersall asked if it was possible for a compromise where the applicant could stucco over the bricks with the bricks still visible. Commissioner Koepernik said that there were not enough bricks sticking out and to do so would end up looking as it was not intentional and a mistake. Commissioner Gomersall said that it was the job of the HPC to 82 preserve structures. Chair Kellond said that it was important to remember the meaning of preservation, a structure must be placed into context and does agree that windows are being reinterpreted and that the applicant was not proposing something inconsistent with the style of the home and would like to see the wood header remain. Commissioner Koepernik stated that he was concerned that the project would run into construction problems. Chair Kellond said that the project must be put into context of time, the house was built in 1950 and has gone through at least one remodel and questioned what the HPC was trying to do. Ms. Brozicevic said that most every adobe building has had it surface coated and that the adobe bricks are behind these walls and did not know why this building was being held to a higher standard and that smooth stucco would allow the buildings history to show through. Motion by Chair Kellond and seconded by Commissioner Tai to approve the project with the following, that the applicant would reconsider coating the headers with plaster and try to keep them as they currently are, reconsider the design proportions of the windows to be not two by two, the stucco will be applied with undulations as proposed so that imperfections in the wall will show through, the applicant it to come back to the HPC during the stucco application process so that the HPC can observe the method of application. Carried on a 32 vote. D. Sam Cloud Barn – Discuss building rededication and HPC Proclamation for the building. Item discussed. Chair Kellond said that the owners of the Sam Cloud Barn were going to receive an award on January 9, 2009 for the Green Building of the Year for adaptive reuse and would like for the HPC to be involved in rededicating the building and have the HPC partner so to create an even bigger and better event and that he has to prepare a letter to the mayor for the proclamation. Commissioner Koepernik said that he like the idea for a true joint event. 4. Pending Items A. Update the Heritage Resources Inventory List B. National Register Applications 5. Adjournment Adjourn to 8:30 a.m. Tuesday, December 9, 2008, Warner Hutton Hosue, 13777 Fruitvale Avenue. 83 Evans & De Shazo, Inc 1141 Gravenstein Highway South, Sebastopol, CA 95472 707-823-7400 www.evans-deshazo.com A HISTORIC RESOURCE EVALUATION FOR THE PROPERTY AT 13514 HAMMONS AVENUE, SARATOGA, SANTA CLARA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA SUBMITTED TO: City of Saratoga c/o Debbie Pedro, Community Development Director dpedro@saratoga.ca.us SUBMITTED BY: Stacey De Shazo, M.A. Principal Architectural Historian stacey@evans-deshazo.com and Nicole LaRochelle, B.A. and Bee Thao, M.A. March 30, 2022 84 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. Page i TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................ 1 PROPERTY LOCATION ............................................................................................................................... 1 REGULATORY SETTING .............................................................................................................................. 2 CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT .................................................................................................................... 2 METHODS ................................................................................................................................................. 3 HISTORICAL SETTING ................................................................................................................................ 4 MEXICAN PERIOD (1821 – 1846) ................................................................................................................................ 4 EARLY AMERICAN PERIOD (1848 - 1851) ....................................................................................................................... 5 HISTORY OF SARATOGA (1847 - 1970S) ......................................................................................................................... 7 SANTA CLARA VALLEY AGRICULTURAL HISTORY (1850S –1970S) ....................................................................................... 10 PROPERTY HISTORY .................................................................................................................................................. 13 ARCHITECTURAL STYLE ........................................................................................................................... 20 RANCH ARCHITECTURE (1930-1975) .......................................................................................................................... 20 SPANISH RANCH (CA. 1935 – CA. 1985) ...................................................................................................................... 20 HISTORIC ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY ........................................................................................................ 21 CA. 1948 HOUSE ................................................................................................................................................... 21 ASSOCIATED LANDSCAPE ........................................................................................................................................... 32 EVALUATION FOR HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE ........................................................................................ 33 CALIFORNIA REGISTER OF HISTORICAL RESOURCES ........................................................................................................... 33 CRHR EVALUATION ................................................................................................................................................. 34 INTEGRITY .............................................................................................................................................................. 36 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................................ 36 ADDITIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LOCAL LISTING ......................................................................... 36 BIBLIOGRAPHY........................................................................................................................................ 38 ATTACHMENTS: Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) 523 forms (Appendix A) 85 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Contra Costa County, California. 1 INTRODUCTION Evans & De Shazo, Inc. (EDS) completed a Historic Resource Evaluation (HRE) of the property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California, within the 0.32-acre Assessor Parcel Number (APN) 393-34-009 (Property). The Property consists of a ca. 1948 house and associated landscape. Though currently in the design phase, the project consists of the rehabilitation or potential demolition of the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape. The Property is not listed in the California Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) Built Environment Resource Directory (BERD) or any state or federal list and has not been previously evaluated for listing on the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR). In September 2020, the Property was listed on the Saratoga Heritage Resource Inventory; however, no documentation such as Department of Parks and Recreation (DRP) 523 forms or local Historic Resource Inventory forms were completed in support of the local listing. As such, the city requested an HRE to determine if the Property is eligible for listing on the CRHR and provide recommendations, including the local listing, as warranted. The HRE is based on specific guidelines and evaluation criteria of the CRHR (14 CCR §15064.5 and PRC § 21084.1). The following HRE was completed by EDS Principal Architectural Historian Stacey De Shazo, M.A., who exceeds the Secretary of the Interior’s qualification standards in Architectural History and History, as well as Nicolle LaRochelle, B.A. and Bee Thao, M.A. The results of the HRE are presented herein. PROPERTY LOCATION The Property is located within the 0.32-acre parcel (APN 393-34-009) at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California (Figure 1). The Property is situated on the northwest corner of Hammons Road and Thelma Avenue, approximately 2.8 miles south of Highway 85 and 1.1 miles north of downtown Saratoga (i.e., Saratoga Village). 86 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 1 Figure 1. Property location map. 87 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 2 REGULATORY SETTING The CEQA regulations, as they pertain to cultural resources, are outlined below. CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT CEQA and the Guidelines for Implementing CEQA (State CEQA Guidelines CCR § 15064.5) give direction and guidance for evaluating properties, and the preparation of Initial Studies, Categorical Exemptions, Negative Declarations, and Environmental Impact Reports. Pursuant to California State law, the City of Saratoga is legally responsible and accountable for determining the environmental impact of any land use proposal it approves. Cultural resources are aspects of the environment that require identification a nd assessment for potential significance under CEQA (14 CCR § 15064.5 and PRC § 21084.1). There are five classes of cultural resources defined by the State OHP. These are: • Building: A structure created principally to shelter or assist in carrying out any form of human activity. A “building” may also be used to refer to a historically and functionally related unit, such as a courthouse and jail or a house and barn. • Structure: A construction made for a functional purpose rather than creating human shelter. Examples include mines, bridges, and tunnels. • Object: Construction primarily artistic in nature or relatively small in scale and simply constructed. It may be movable by nature or design or made for a specific setting or environment. Objects should be in a setting appropriate to their significant historic use or character. Examples include fountains, monuments, maritime resources, sculptures, and boundary markers. • Site: The location of a significant event. A prehistoric or historic occupation or activity, or a building or structure, whether standing, ruined, or vanished, where the location itse lf possesses historic, cultural, or archaeological value regardless of the value of any existing building, structure, or object. A site need not be marked by physical remains if it is the location of a prehistoric or historic event and if no buildings, structures, or objects marked it at that time. Examples include trails, designed landscapes, battlefields, habitation sites, Native American ceremonial areas, petroglyphs, and pictographs. • Historic District: Unified geographic entities which contain a concentration of historic buildings, structures, or sites united historically, culturally, or architecturally. According to CCR § 15064.5, cultural resources are historically significant if they are: (1) A resource listed in or determined to be eligible by the State Historical Resources Commission for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources (PRC § 5024.1, 14 CCR § 4850 et seq.). (2) A resource included in a local register of historical resources, as defined in PRC § 5020.1(k) or identified as significant in a historical resource survey meeting the requirements PRC § 5024.1(g), shall be presumed to be historically or culturally significant. Public agencies must treat any such resource as significant unless the preponderance of the evidence demonstrates that it is not historically or culturally significant. 88 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 3 (3) Any object, building, structure, site, area, place, record, or manuscript that a lead agency determines to be historically significant or significant in the architectural, engineering, scientific, economic, agricultural, educational, social, political, military, or cultural annals of California may be considered to be a historical resource, provided the lead agency's determination is supported by substantial evidence in light of the whole record. Generally, a resource shall be considered by the lead agency to be “historically significant” if the resource meets the criteria for listing on the California Register of Historical Resources (PRC § 5024.1, 14 CCR § 4852), including the following: (A) Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California's history and cultural heritage; (B) Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past; (C) Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values; or (D) Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. (4) The fact that a resource is not listed in or determined to be eligible for listing in the CRHR, not included in a local register of historical resources pursuant to PRC § 5020.1(k) or identified in a historical resources survey meeting the criteria in PRC § 5024.1(g) does not preclude a lead agency from determining that the resource may be a historical resource as defined in PRC § 5020.1(j) or § 5024.1. METHODS The methods used to complete the HRE included a database search conducted by the Northwest Information enter (NWIC) of the California Historical Information Systems (CHRIS) (NWIC File #21-1487) to obtain primary records associated with the Property and the cultural resource inventories listed below. EDS also conducted extensive online research using the resources detailed in the section below and reviewed documents provided by the City of Saratoga and the Property owner. In addition, EDS reviewed digital documents on file with EDS, such as historical maps, historical aerial photographs, and other primary source documents. The purpose of the research is to understand the Property history and the history of the surrounding area to assist in developing a historical context in which to evaluate the historical significance of the built environment resources, at least 45 years in age, within the Property. EDS Principal Architectural Historian Stacey De Shazo, M.A. also completed a historic architectural survey to identify the age, any known architectural style or form, character-defining features, materials, and alterations of built environment resources, at least 45 years in age, within the Property. EDS also completed DPR 523 forms for the Property (Appendix A). Cultural Resource Inventories As part of the record search, the following inventories were reviewed: • National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) • California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) • California Historical Landmarks (CHL) 89 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 4 • California Points of Historical Interest (CPHI) • California Inventory of Historical Resources • California OHP BERD for Santa Clara County (2020) • City of Saratoga Designated Landscape Structures (2014) • City of Saratoga Heritage Resource Inventory (last updated 10/2017) Online Research Online research utilized the following sources: • www.newspapers.com • www.ancestry.com • www.calisphere.com (University of California) • http://www.library.ca.gov/ (California State Library) • https://cdnc.ucr.edu/ California Digital Newspaper Collection • http://pcad.lib.washington.edu/ (Pacific Coast Architecture Database [PCAD]) • https://aiahistoricaldirectory.atlassian.net (AIA Historical Directory of American Architects) HISTORICAL SETTING The following historical setting is a brief history of the City of Saratoga and Property-specific history, which serves as the context within which the built environment resources within the Property were accessed for historical significance. MEXICAN PERIOD (1821 – 1846) In 1821, Mexico declared its independence from Spain and took possession of “Alta California”1 marking the end of the Spanish period (1769 – 1821) and the beginning of the Mexican period, also referred to as the “rancho” period in Alta California. During this time, extraordinary changes occurred throughout Alta California, as the Mexican government lacked the strong oversight and military rule previously imposed by the Spanish. As such, there were new trade opportunities when foreign ships that Spanish guarded military ports had previously held off could dock and provide a variety of provisions to local settl ers throughout California. These new provisions, including tea, coffee, sugars, spices, spirits, and a variety of manufactured goods, soon made their way into the region; and the taxes on these imported goods became the main source of revenue for the Mexican government in Alta California. Likewise, products produced in Alta California were exported, which bolstered the hide and tallow trade that became the primary business activity in Alta California during this time. During this time, the Mexican colonial authorities encouraged the settlement of Alta California by providing large land grants called ranchos to politically prominent persons loyal to the 1 Alta California was a polity of New Spain founded in 1769 and became a territory of Mexico after the Mexican War of Independence in 1821. 90 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 5 Mexican government and permitting foreigners to settle the land. As a result, the 20 or so ranchos in Alta California during the Spanish period increased to roughly 800 ranchos that varied from 10,000 to 20,000 acres during the Mexican era. During the Mexican period, the Property was located within the 13,310-acre Rancho Quito, granted in 1841 by Governor Juan Alvarado to José Zenon Fernandez and José Noriega. EARLY AMERICAN PERIOD (1848 - 1851) The beginning of the American Period in California is marked by the end of the Mexican American War (1846- 1848), when the United States (U.S.) took possession of Mexican territories, including California, New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona, in the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo on February 2, 1848. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided resident Mexicans their American citizenship and guaranteed title to ranchos obtained during the Mexican period. However, less than two weeks before the treaty's signing, on January 24, 1848, James Marshall discovered gold at Sutter’s Mill, which marked the start of the California Gold Rush (1848 to 1855). Soon, the excitement of the Gold Rush and the promise of fertile and abundant land brought between 150,000 and 200,000 new settlers to California from all over the U.S. and Scotland, Ireland, England, Germany, and France.2 During this time, many new settlers squatted on land, including Mexican rancho land and unclaimed land. To quickly resolve Mexican rancho land disputes, the U.S. Congress passed the California Land Act of 1851, which established a three-member Public Land Commission (Commission) to determine the validity of prior Spanish and Mexican land grants.3 The act required landowners who claimed title under the former Mexican government to file a claim with the Commission within two years. Although the Commission eventually confirmed most of the original Mexican land grants, the burden was on landowners to prove their title. The cost of litigation forced many rancho owners to sell their land to settlers, some who illegally squatted on their land, land speculators, and lawyers, who were hired to defend their land claims in court.4 As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim for Rancho Quito was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852 by Petra Enrique Fernandez (wife of José Zenón Fernandez) and Manual Alviso, who may have been the son of Juan Ignacio Alviso. However, by the late 1850s, the boundaries of Rancho Quito were contested by José Ramón Arguello, the son of Luis Arguello, who was the first Mexican governor of Alta California, as well as his mother, Maria Soledad Ortega de Arguello, and a business partner named S. M. Mezes. In 1859, Alviso sold a portion of the rancho to Arguello; however, unlike the previous owners of the rancho, including Noriega, Fernandez, and Alviso, Arguello settled on the land and developed what was known as the Quito Farm. In 1866, a portion of the original Rancho Quito was finally patented to José M. Alviso and the heirs of José Zenón Fernandez, including Dionisio Fernandez, Francisco Maximo Fernandez, Jose Zenón Fernandez, Manuela Loveto Fernandez, and Petra Enriquez Fernandez.5 2 Karen Clay, “Property Rights and Institutions: Congress and the California Land Act 1851”, The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, 59(01):122-142, March 1999. 3 The Spanish government-controlled California land from approximately 1770 to 1821 and the Mexican government- controlled present-day California from 1821 to 1846. 4 Nancy Olmsted. Vanished Waters: A History of San Francisco's Mission Bay, Mission Creek Conservancy, San Francisco, 1986. 5 Sacramento State Office, “Report of the Surveyor-General of the State of California from August 1, 1884, To August 1, 1886.” James J. Ayers, Supt. State Printing, 1886. 91 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 6 By the early 1880s, Arguello planted a vast olive orchard near the present intersection of Quito Road and Saratoga Avenue, approximately 2.2 miles north of the Property. Arguello eventually planted over eighty acres of olive trees and constructed an olive press and a packing facility to support his agricultural business. Arguello's olive trees did very well, and he produced award-winning olive oil and received great publicity. In an article in the San Francisco Examiner in 18896, Quito Farm is described as “the most famous plantation of its kind in Central or Northern California” with “8,000 olive trees” and “32,00 vines”. By the late 1880s, as the trees grew in size, Arguello realized that he had planted the olive trees too close together. As such, many of the olive trees died. To save his orchard, Arguello removed every other tree, impacting the viability of his olive oil business. Soon after that, he removed nearly all the olive trees and replaced them with walnut and apricot trees.7 Figure 2. ca. 1880 photograph of “spray rigs” at Quito Ranch in Saratoga with the olive trees in the background (courtesy of the Campbell Historical Museum8). 6 Newspapers.com, “San Jose,” San Francisco Examiner, 30 June 1889. 7 Timothy Stanley, The Last of the Prune Pickers: A Pre-Silicon Valley Story, Timothy Publishing. 2010. 8 Campbell Historical Museum, https://www.ci.campbell.ca.us/332/Historical-Museum-Ainsley-House, accessed March 4, 2022. 92 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 7 HISTORY OF SARATOGA (1847 - 1970s) The following context provides a brief overview of the development of the City of Saratoga, including the agricultural development of the areas surrounding the Village of Saratoga. 9 The Village of Saratoga originated in California’s Early American period in 1847 when William Campbell founded a mill and established a lumbering community called Campbell’s Gap just below what is now known as Long Bridge, located above Saratoga Village along Highway 9. At the time, the lack of roads made it difficult to transport the lumber to markets, so in 1850, Martin McCarty leased Campbell's mill and obtained a franchise from the Court of Sessions to build a toll road from the mill down to the small settlement at the mouth of the canyon. A tollgate was erected at present-day 3rd Street and Big Basin Way (formerly Lumber Road). The toll was $3.00 for a two-horse team and $6.00 for a four-horse team. The new road made it easier to transport lumber and encouraged the growth of the timber industry in the area. This same year, Martin, along with his wife Hannah, surveyed, platted, and registered the community of McCartysville.10 The success of the sawmill brought other industries including a lime quarry, tannery, furniture factory, and paper and flour mills (Figure 3) that were key to the growth of the village of Saratoga. On March 13, 1865, the villagers voted to rename the community Saratoga. The name was selected because of the similarity in the mineral content of the water located at the mineral springs a mile above the village to that of Congress Springs at Saratoga, New York. By the 1890s, the lumber industry had declined, and the Village of Saratoga, as well as the surrounding community, had begun to embrace the change from a town supported by the lumber industry to one that focused primarily on agriculture, particularly fruit orchards and vineyards that were a growing industry in Santa Clara Valley. In 1900, the Village of Saratoga, in support of the growing agricultural community, held the first Saratoga Blossom Festival (Figure 4). The community of Saratoga got a boost in 1904 with the construction of the Peninsular Interurban Railway (Figure 5 and Figure 6), which brought tourists to the area and provided service to locals commuting to nearby towns such as San Jose. Throughout the early 1900s, Saratoga remained a small agricultural community. After the U.S. entered World War II (WWII; 1939 -1945) in 1941, the City of Saratoga obtained small government contracts and continued its pattern of slow growth during the war years. After WWII ended, the small community of Saratoga saw an increase in population with the return of war veterans, and in the 1950s, with the expansion of industries such as Lockheed (opened in 1956), Westinghouse (Sunnyvale Manufacturing Division, opened in 1958), and International Business Machines (IBM) (San Jose Research Laboratory, opened in 1956), also prompting rapid suburban housing growth. To attract employees to the flourishing job market, suburban housing tracts in Saratoga offered new homes to veterans with no money down. During this time, the city of San Jose was poised to annex Saratoga, which forced the residents of Saratoga to organize, and in 1956, the Saratoga City Council voted to incorporate. Soon new housing developments replaced what remained of the fruit and nut orchard farms in Saratoga, and rural roads were widened into freeways and expressways. Several roads east of Saratoga Village were widened into boulevards, which were then lined with new commercial businesses, including restaurants and automobile 9 Archives & Architecture, LLC, Heritage Resources Inventory, Prepared for the City of Saratoga, 2009. 10 Some historic maps reference “McCartysville” as “McCarthysville.” 93 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 8 salesrooms.11 By 1950, development within the neighborhood known as the Golden Triangle, where the Property is located, was being developed with single-family houses. The name Golden Triangle was a name given to a triangular-shaped area of land by the real estate developers. The Golden Triangle neighborhood is bounded by Saratoga Avenue, Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road, and Cox Avenue. During the 1960s, Saratoga saw moderate growth. Although local-elected leaders supported maintaining the small-scale character of Saratoga Village, they also allowed for areas surrounding Saratoga Village to grow at a more rapid pace. As such suburban housing developments, including the Peremont Gardens, one of Saratoga’s largest subdivision projects with 79 new houses, were developed. Through the early 1970s, suburban housing tracts continued to be developed in Saratoga, including the Property's location and suburban malls, replacing many of the orchard farms in the area. Figure 3. ca. 1880 photograph of the Saratoga Paper Mill (no longer extant) at Big Basin Way and 6th Street in Saratoga (courtesy of the Campbell Historical Museum). 12 11 Archives & Architecture, LLC, Heritage Resources Inventory, Prepared for the City of Saratoga, 2009. 12 Campbell Historical Museum, https://www.ci.campbell.ca.us/332/Historical-Museum-Ainsley-House, accessed March 4, 2022. 94 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 9 Figure 4. Saratoga Blossom Festival, ca. 1912 (courtesy of the Saratoga Historical Foundation). Figure 5. ca. 1905 photograph of the Peninsular Interurban Railway on “Lumber Street” (now Big Basin Way) in Saratoga (courtesy of the City of Saratoga). 95 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 10 Figure 6. ca. 1910 postcard of the Interurban Railway along a trestle in Saratoga (courtesy of San Jose Public Library). SANTA CLARA VALLEY AGRICULTURAL HISTORY (1850s –1970s) Beginning as early as the 1850s, Santa Clara Valley was one of California’s foremost agricultural regions . By the late 1860s, the Santa Clara Valley was mainly developed with grain crops, with wheat production accounting for 30% of California’s total wheat crop in 1854.13 Throughout the 1870s, the fertile Santa Clara Valley remained a wheat and grain capital, though the land was also planted with grapes vines in support of a growing wine industry. As the wine industry thrived, wheat and grain crops soon proved unable to withstand droughts in the Santa Clara Valley. By the late 1870s and early 1880s, fruit orchards began replacing the grain crops throughout Santa Clara Valley, marking the beginning of the significant period of orchard farming in this region. By the late nineteenth century, wheat and barley were nearly entirely abandoned as a crop, favoring the planting of fruit orchards, such as apricots, plums, prunes, and cherries, which became the dominant Valley’s agricultural industry by the 1890s. The rise in orchard development led to the need for fruit processing plants, and several canneries and fruit processing facilities soon developed in the Santa Clara Valley. The fruit industry was supported by the construction of the Southern Pacific and South Pacific Coast railroads and rail spurs constructed along canneries and fruit processing plants to allow for easy loading and transportation of fruit products to places throughout the U.S., as well as ports that also shipped canned fruit overseas. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Italian immigrants arriving in the U.S. often made their way to California, searching for opportunities in the agricultural areas and booming cities of the Santa Clara Valley. Italian immigrants who settled in Saratoga came from all regions of Italy, bringing different regional 13 Archives & Architecture, LLC, Heritage Resources Inventory, Prepared for the City of Saratoga, 2009, 22. 96 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 11 and local farming skills and trades.14 Historian Frederick W. Marrazzo asserts that Italians were drawn to the Santa Clara Valley in the late nineteenth century because “it reminded them of their villages in Italy” in topography and climate.15 During this time, there was also a large availability of land, allowing immigrants to buy property at a fair price and begin planting it in crops—an opportunity not possible in Italy at this time.16 Participating in the prevailing agricultural practices of the area, Italian-owned farms often focused on fruit production, such as apricot, cherry, pear, prunes, and wine grapes).17 During the early twentieth century, the fertile land of Santa Clara Valley continued to be developed with a focus on fruit and walnut orchards (Figure 8 and Figure 9), with peak fruit production occurring in the 1920s. At this time, Increasing land prices and farming costs often put pressure on large landowners to sell their agricultural land for development. As a result, many large orchard farms around Saratoga were subdivided, allowing more farmers to cultivate smaller areas of land - as little as three acres – that served as “highly specialized ‘fruit ranches’” that focused on growing one type of fruit.18 Soon fruit production, fruit canneries, and fruit packing companies were abundant in the area around the Santa Clara Valley, which included 18 canneries, 13 dried-fruit packing houses, and 12 fresh-fruit and vegetable shipping firms that operated during the 1920s and 1930s. At this time, the Property was part of a fruit orchard. At the end of WWII, agricultural land in the Santa Clara Valley and the town of Saratoga began to give way to suburban housing developments as orchards were rapidly removed to accommodate new suburban housing. This change marked the end of the heyday of orchard farming in the Santa Clara Valley. During this time, farmers around Saratoga lobbied for the annexation of their land by the city of Saratoga to protect their orchards from the encroaching suburban development of San Jose. Although orcharding in Saratoga remained important to the local economy, more orchards were being subdivided and developed with single-family houses, including the subject Property. By the 1960s, the need for residential housing accelerated, replacing orchard-covered land with residential subdivisions in the Santa Clara Valley.19 By the early 1970s, very few parcels with orchards remained under cultivation in and around Saratoga and the larger Santa Clara Valley. In 1972, to preserve the orcharding history in Saratoga, the city “bought 11.3 acres of orchard land, which included a portion of the current Heritage Orchard, where the city intended to build a new library”.20 In 1973, the city purchased an adjacent 4.2-acres of orchard land, and in 1977 they purchased an additional 2.6 acres.21 14 Frederick W. Marrazzo, Italians in the Santa Clara Valley (Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Publishing, 2007) 8. 15 Ibid, 8. 16 Ibid, 28. 17 Ibid, 27, 29, 31. 18 Archives & Architecture, LLC, Heritage Resources Inventory, City of Saratoga, 2009, 26. 19 Archives & Architecture, LLC, Heritage Resources Inventory, City of Saratoga, 2009, 47. 20 Ibid. 21 After 1977 it is not known when the additional acreage was added to the Property. 97 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 12 Figure 7. ca. 1910 postcard of a prune orchard in the City of Saratoga (courtesy of the City of Saratoga). Figure 8. ca. 1900 photograph of fruit orchards in bloom located near present -day Saratoga (California State Library Digital Collections). 98 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 13 Figure 9: ca. 1909 postcard of the Saratoga foothills showing the fruit orchards and agricultural fields (courtesy of the San Jose Public Library, California Room). PROPERTY HISTORY In 1876, the Property was situated within a 129-acre property owned by Andrew James McCaran (Figure 10). James was born in 1823 in Ireland and immigrated to the U.S. (date unknown), where he became a naturalized citizen in 1898.22 According to the 1880 U.S. Federal Census, James was married to Mary Blood McCaran and they had seven children, Elizabeth, Mary, John, Thomas, James, Sarah, and Kate. James and Mary, along with their children, lived on the property in a house (no longer extant) situated the southwest corner of the 129- acre property (see Figure 10) that was predominately planted with fruit trees. During this time, James was an orchard farmer and Mary kept house.23 It appears that the McCaran family owned the property until the early 1900s. Throughout the early 1900s, the property, including the subject Property, remained planted in fruit trees, with little evidence of residential development (Figure 11). By the mid-1940s, the 129-acre property had been subdivided for residential development and by 1948 the subject Property was developed, along with adjacent parcels. 22 Ancestry.com. California, U.S., State Court Naturalization Records, 1850-1986. 23 Ancestry.com and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 1880 United States Federal Census. 99 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 14 Figure 10. 1877 Thompson and West map showing the location of the Property within a 129-acre property owned by James McCaran. Figure 11. 1939 aerial photography showing the location of the Property used as an orchard/tree (courtesy of the University of Santa Barbara Library). 100 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 15 The following table details the ownership of the Property associated with the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape. Table 1. Ownership History of the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape. 24 Newspaper.com, “Claudia Moser”, Los Gatos Daily Times and Los Gatos Times, January 12, 1951. 25 Ancestry.com. California, U.S., Divorce Index, 1966-1984. 26 Newspaper.com, “Teresa Lynn Moser”, Los-Gatos Saratoga Observer”, July 24, 1962. 27 Newspaper.com, “Susan Jane Moser”, Los-Gatos Saratoga Observer, April 25, 1952. 28 Newspaper.com, “Claudia Moser”, Los-Gatos Saratoga Observer, January 12, 1951. 29 Ancestry.com. U.S., City Directories, 1822-1995. 30 Ancestry.com. U.S., City Directories, 1822-1995. 31 Find A Grave.com, “Joseph Bernard Moser”, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/34112687/joseph-bernard- moser. 32 Ancestry.com. Louisiana, U.S., Compiled Marriage Index, 1718-1925. Year Owners Additional Details ca. 1948-1969 Owners: Joseph Moser and Dorothy Saklberg Moser • The first owners of the ca. 1948 house were Joseph and Dorothy Moser. During this time, the Property was surrounded by orchards and several houses along present-day Thelma Avenue. and the address of the Property was Route 1, Box 4750, Thelma Avenue.24 • Joseph was born in 1915 and Dorothy was born in 1919. Joseph and Dorothy married in 1941 but divorced in 1966.25 Joseph and Dorothy had three children, Claudia, Susan, and Teresa.26,27,28 During Joseph and Dorothy’s ownership of the Property, Joseph worked as millman for Pacific Manufacture then as a general contractor while Dorothy kept house.29,30 • During the early 1950s, the fruit orchards diminished as additional houses were built near the Property (Figure 13). By 1956, the residential development known as the Golden Triangle, where the Property is located, was further developed with housing. During this time, Thelma Avenue was extended east, and new roads were constructed within the developing neighborhood. By this time, it appears that Joseph and Dorothy Moser had made changes to the ca. 1948 house, including an addition and what appears to be several small buildings (no longer extant) within the northern section of the Property (Figure 14). • By 1968, the ca. 1948 house consisted of a garage addition (Figure 15). By this time, the neighborhood was fully developed with residential houses and a grade school, located south of the Property. • Joseph died in 1978.31 1969-1971 Owner: John R. Paciulla and Jane Fruendt Paciulla • The next owners of the Property were John and Jane Paciulla. • John was born in 1935 in Panama and Jane was born in 1931 (location unknown). John and Jane married in 1960 in Louisiana.32 It is unknown if they had any children. 101 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 16 33 Ancestry.com. California, U.S., Federal Naturalization Records, 1843-1999. 34 Ancestry.com. California, U.S., Divorce Index, 1966-1984. 35 Newspaper.com, “Stuart Hunter Vidanage”, The Los Gatos Times-Saratoga Observer, January 07, 1975. 36 Find A Grave.com, Sarath Chandra DeSilva Vidanage, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/172001724/sarath - chandra-vidanage. Year Owners Additional Details • John attended Stanford University during the 1950s and after graduation, he became a physician. • No additional information about John and Louise was found. ca. 1974-1976 Owner: Sarath Vidanage and Susan Middleton Vidanage • The next owners of the Property were Sarath and Susan Vidanage. • Sarath was born in 1942 in Kandy, Ceylon, India and was naturalized in 1963.33 Sarath and Susan married in 1965 but divorced in 1983.34 According to a 1975 Los Gatos Times-Saratoga Observer newspaper article, Sarath and Susan had one son, Stuart Hunter Vidanage.35 • During Sarath’s ownership of the Property, Sarath, along with his business partner Jim McCandless, co-owned the “Haven Nursery Company” located at 12585 Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road. • Sarath died in 2016.36 1976-1994 Owner: Roger M. Lee and Ruthiell “Ruth” Serlin (aka Ruthiell Shehan) Owner: Robert Serlin Trustees • The next owners of the house were Roger M. Lee and Ruthiell Serlin. During this time, the neighborhood was well established (Figure 16). • Roger was born in 1947 and Ruthiell was born in ca. 1941. • No additional information about Roger or Ruthiell was found • By 1986, the Property was placed in the Robert Serlin Trust. Ruthiell’s relationship to Robert Serlin is unknown. 1994-1997 Dr. David Midian Kurland and Laura Grace Chung Kurland • The next owners of the Property were David and Laura Kurland. • David was born in 1954 in New York and Grace was born in 1954 in Canada. They were married in Fairfax, Virginia in 1977. • During the time, that David and Laura owned the Property, David worked as a doctor, but it is unknown what profession Laura held. 1997 – 2007 Owner: Dennis Roberts and Laura Hayes • The next owners of the Property were David Midian Kurland and Laura Grace Chung Kurland. • No additional information about David and Laure was found. 102 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 17 Figure 12. 1948 aerial photograph showing the Property surrounded by orchards and trees (courtesy of University of Santa Barbara). Figure 13. 1953 USGS Coopertino Quadrangle 7.5 minute series topographic map showing the Property along Thelma Avenue. 103 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 18 Figure 14. 1956 aerial photograph showing the Property with the 1948 house (courtesy of Univ ersity of Santa Barbara). Figure 15. 1968 aerial photograph showing the ca. 1948 house and the ca. 1960 garage addition (courtesy of University of Santa Barbara). 104 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 19 Figure 16. 1985 aerial photograph shows the Property within an area of dense residential development (courtesy of University of Santa Barbara). 105 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 20 ARCHITECTURAL STYLE The following section provides a brief understanding of the Ranch architectural style, and the Spanish Ranch subtype, associated with the ca. 1948 house within the Property. RANCH ARCHITECTURE (1930-1975) The Ranch architectural style symbolizes a distinct historical period of unprecedented population growth, economic gains, and suburban and urban development at mid-century. It provided a wide range of new, affordable, and desirable housing for many post-war families and new design and change in usage of interior and exterior spaces that integrated landscape into floorplans and design of the new commercial buildings. Though not credited with inventing the style, noted twentieth-century Architect Cliff May was primarily responsible for popularizing the Ranch House style in America during the 1930s and 1940s, and he designed some of the most remarkable Ranch Houses in America. May worked closely with Sunset Magazine editors to publicize his ideas about the new Ranch House, and in collaboration with Sunset Magazine, he edited two popular publications about Ranch House design, which contained many of May’s designs. • One or two stories asymmetrical forms, some with one or more wings • Gabled roof with wide eaves with exposed rafter tails • Exposed post and beam construction • Attached garages, often forming one wing; gable and wing form • Brick or stone chimneys • Setting in close relationship to the associated landscape; integral landscape design • Dutch doors, French doors, and sliding glass doors • Shutters on houses; and simple wood or metal hand-railing SPANISH RANCH (CA. 1935 – CA. 1985) The Spanish Ranch architectural style, also known as California Hacienda, is a subtype of Ranch Architecture that stemmed from the working ranches, or haciendas, of the Spanish Colonial period in the American Southwest in the 1830s. The Spanish Ranch subtype began ca. 1935 as a stylized form of Ranch architecture, becoming most prolific in the 1970s to ca. 1985. The style is characterized by the following elements: • low, long profile • wide eave overhangs • winged additions • patios and courtyards 106 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 21 HISTORIC ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY On March 16, 2022, EDS Principal Architectural Historian Stacey De Shazo, M.A. completed a historic architectural survey of the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape. The following section documents the results of the built architectural survey. CA. 1948 HOUSE The ca. 1948 house is associated with the Ranch architectural style and the Spanish Ranch subtype (Figure 17). The ca. 1948 house is constructed on a concrete slab foundation. The house has a low-pitched roof clad in red mission tiles with matching eave bird stops (Figure 18) and decorative wood elements around the porch. While the one-story house currently demonstrates an irregular U-shaped plan, the building consists of four construction phases, including the original ca. 1948 form and three additions (ca. 1955 addition, ca. 1960 garage addition, and ca. 1980 addition). The irregular roofline demonstrates the additions, utilizing both gabled and hipped roofing systems. The ca. 1948 form consists of two hipped roofs connected by a gable roof. There are two wide rectangular chimneys located along the eaves of the original form. The ca. 1948 form extended north to the south wall of the recessed form (aka hyphen) and extended south to a hipped roof section to the east, about two-thirds of its current length. The first addition to the ca. 1948 house appears to have occurred in ca. 1955 and is a hipped roof addition that projects east, creating a wing from the original southern form, adding to the then shorter L-shaped plan, evidenced by a change in window design and materials, from single-hung wood windows within the ca. 1948 form and sliding sash, aluminum windows within the ca. 1955 addition. The second addition is the ca. 1960 garage addition that includes the construction of the recessed form (aka hyphen) and the enclosure and incorporation of the original garage as part of the house. The third addition occurred in ca. 1980, which modified the ca. 1960 garage addition, expanding it to the east and changing the roofline into a gabled wing, creating the current irregular u-shape of the house. The ca. 1948 house is clad in three distinct finishes, including brick cladding white-washed with a textured wash.37 The original form also consists of painted brick, without the textured wash, which was likely the original design and later white-washed. The additions include several different stucco finishing styles. 37 In 2008, the brick was misidentified by the Heritage Preservation Commission as adobe brick. 107 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 22 Figure 17. West elevation, denoting the initial ca. 1948 house. Figure 18. Detail of bird stop/eave closure on corner of the hipped roof. 108 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 23 West Elevation (primary façade) The west elevation (primary façade) consists of the original ca. 1948 form of the house and the ca. 1955 addition and ca. 1960 garage addition. At the southwest corner of the ca. 1948 form is a four-light, one-over- one, single-hung, wood window with a thick extending windowsill (Figure 19). There is an incorporated porch, supported by four square wood columns with decorative brackets, located between the two hipped sections and includes one of the painted brick chimneys. The porch floor is brick and slightly raised. Set within the incorporated porch is a fixed, single-light, wood window with a decorative grate, a wood-paneled door, and an aluminum sliding sash window (Figure 20). There is also scalloped trim extending around the interior section's perimeter where the porch ceiling and house form meet (Figure 21). The original hipped section on the northern section of the house was originally a single-car garage; however, it was modified in ca. 1960, incorporating the original garage as part of the house. The modifications to the original garage include white- washed brick cladding and a sixteen-light, fixed, picture window with louvered windows on either side, which are protected by screens (Figure 22). To the north of the ca. 1948 form is the recessed form (aka hyphen), which connects the house with the ca. 1960 garage addition, and includes a pair of two-over-two, single-hung, wood windows on the west side (Figure 23). On the north elevation of the original hipped section is a pair of two-over-two, single-hung, wood windows. The south elevation adjacent to the recessed form (aka hyphen) is a fixed, clerestory, wood window. The position of this window may suggest that the recessed form was an afterthought to connect with the ca. 1948 form to the ca. 1960 garage addition. The northernmost section of the current house consists of the ca. 1960 garage with a metal roll-up garage door (Figure 24). Figure 19. Southwest corner, showing the chimney and window beneath the hipped roof, facing southeast. 109 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 24 Figure 20. Incorporated porch, with fenestration and the corner of the chimney. Figure 21. Aluminum sliding sash window, beneath scalloped trim, facing east. 110 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 25 Figure 22. Picture window, located at infilled garage, facing northeast. Figure 23. Hyphen, connection garage to main house, facing southeast. 111 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 26 Figure 24. ca. 1960 garage addition, including the ca. 190 garage and recessed form (aka hyphen) and the original modified garage that was incorporated as part of house in ca. 1960, facing east. North Elevation The north elevation consists of a portion of the ca. 1960 garage addition and the ca. 1980 addition, denoted by its stucco finish, which differs from the washed bricks on the remaining elevations. The westernmost section includes the ca. 1960 garage, which has a fixed, single-light, clerestory, wood window (Figure 25). The elevation extends east, including a ten-light, wood-framed door, which has a screen over it, and three aluminum sliding windows (Figure 26). 112 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 27 Figure 25. Clerestory window at garage section of north elevation, facing south. Figure 26. North elevation, facing southeast. 113 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 28 East Elevation The east elevation consists of hipped and gabled wings of the ca. 1948 house and the main eastern section of the original ca. 1948 form, making up the current u-shaped plan. The southern, gabled end includes a wood porch and a glass sliding metal door. There is a gable vent at the center below the peak; an off-center shed extends from this gable, which houses mechanical components, accessed via metal doors (Figure 27). The south elevation of the gabled wing includes an incorporated porch supported by six square, wood columns, each of which has decorative brackets (Figure 28). There is a raised porch floor covered in red tiles, providing access to three evenly spaced sliding glass metal doors. The north section of the original east elevation consists of three windows located below the north hipped roof (Figure 29). The northernmost window is an infilled door, likely the original rear entrance to the previous garage, with a one-over-two, single-hung, aluminum window. To the south is a narrow, fixed-light window and an aluminum sliding sash window, with two lights on the north sash and one on the south sash. To the south of these windows is the location of the original porch that has been enclosed (likely in the 1970s or 1980s) and currently consists of a sliding glass door beneath large, fixed, single-light windows over wood paneling (Figure 30). The north elevation of the south wing includes a sliding glass door that opens onto the courtyard (Figure 31). Figure 27. Gabled end, with wood porch and shed extension, facing northwest. 114 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 29 Figure 28. South elevation of gabled wing, with incorporated porch. Figure 29. East elevation, facing west, with infilled single door. 115 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 30 Figure 30. East elevation, facing west, showing sliding glass doors between fixed windows and decorative paneling. Figure 31. East elevation and north elevation of south wing, facing southwest. 116 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 31 South Elevation The south elevation is the section of the house that faces Thelma Avenue. It includes sections from both the original ca. 1948 form and ca. 1955 addition (Figure 32). The western section consists of the original ca. 1948 form, including three two-over-two, single-hung, wood windows, though the center window is smaller than the other two. The eastern section of the ca. 1955 addition consists of an aluminum sliding window. The west section is finished with the textured wash over brick, while the addition appears to only have a smooth coating of white-wash over the brick without any added texture (Figure 33). Figure 32. South elevation, facing north. 117 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 32 Figure 33. South elevation, showing the textured white-wash along the original ca. 1948 wall and the un-textured white-wash along the ca. 1955 addition (right). ASSOCIATED LANDSCAPE The associated landscape is not associated with any landscape architectural design. The front yard consists primarily of a semi-circular exposed aggregate concrete driveway, inlaid with brick at each edge, which loops around the front of the building, accessing the garage and street (Figure 34). Small shrubs, trees, and flowers are planted around the driveway. The backyard, consisting of a courtyard, has pavers of both brick and slate, surrounded by a lawn. Three larger trees are also included within the Property. 118 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 33 Figure 34. Showing the inlaid with brick and exposed aggregate concrete driveway, facing northeast. EVALUATION FOR HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE The Property, including the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape, was evaluated to determine individual eligibility for listing on the CRHR. The ca. 1948 house and associated landscape appear to be associated with post-WWII housing development in Saratoga from ca. 1945 to ca. 1970. The ca. 1948 house was evaluated for its association with Ranch architecture and the Spanish Ranch subtype within a period of significance of ca. 1948, the estimated date of construction. The associated landscape is not associated with any landscape architectural design or landscape planning. CALIFORNIA REGISTER OF HISTORICAL RESOURCES The CRHR is an inventory of significant architectural, archaeological, and historical resources in the State of California. Resources can be listed in the CRHR through several methods. State Historical Landmarks and NRHP listed properties are automatically listed in the CRHR. Properties can also be nominated to the CRHR by local governments, private organizations, or citizens. The CRHR follows similar guidelines to those used for the NRHP. One difference is that the CRHR identifies the Criteria for Evaluation numerically instead of alphabetically. Another difference, according to the OHP is that “It is possible that historical resources may not retain sufficient integrity to meet the criteria for listing in the NRHP, but they may still be eligible for listing in the California Register. A resource that has lost its historic character or appearance may still have sufficient integrity for the California Register if it maintains the potential to yield significant scientific or historical information or specific data”.38 38 California Office of Historic Preservation Technical Assistance Series #6 California Register and National Register: A Comparison (for purposes of determining eligibility for the California Register). 119 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 34 To qualify for listing in the CRHR a property must possess significance under one of the four criteria and have historical integrity. The process of determining integrity consists of evaluating seven variables or aspects that include location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling and association. According to the National Register Bulletin: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation , these seven characteristics are defined as follows: • Location is the place where the historic property was constructed. • Design is the combination of elements that create the form, plans, space, structure, and style of the property. • Setting addresses the physical environment of the historic property inclusive of the landscape and spatial relationships of the building(s). • Materials refer to the physical elements that were combined or deposited during a particular period of time and in a particular pattern of configuration to form the historic property. • Workmanship is the physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture or people during any given period in history. • Feeling is the property’s expression of the aesthetic or historic sense of a particular period of time. • Association is the direct link between an important historic event or person and a historic property. The following section examines the individual eligibility of the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape for listing on the CRHR. CRHR EVALUATION 1. (Event): Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage. The Property was originally part of a fruit orchard associated with agriculture and fruit farming in Saratoga in the later 1800s and early 1900s; however, in the late 1940s, after WWII ended, the surrounding orchard was subdivided, and the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape was developed as part of a residential area known as the Golden Triangle. Although the development of this residential area appears to be associated with post-WWII housing development in Saratoga from ca. 1945 to ca. 1970, individually the Property does not have the ability to convey this significance. Therefore, the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape does not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 1. 2. (Person): Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past. The ownership and occupancy history of the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape was thoroughly researched, and it does not appear to be associated with a person or organization important in our past. Therefore, the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape does not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 2. 120 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 35 3. (Construction/Architecture): Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of a n important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values. Architecture: The ca. 1948 house is associated with Ranch architecture and the Spanish Ranch subtype within a period of significance of ca. 1948, the estimated date of construction . The Spanish Ranch subtype began ca. 1935 as a stylized form of Ranch architecture. While stylized Ranch styles began in 1935, this design became most prolific in the 1970s until ca. 1985. The ca. 1948 house was constructed during the early phase of the Spanish Ranch subtype. The house consists of textured white-wash over brick, textured stucco on the additions, red Spanish clay tiles and bracketed, square wood columns, exposed rafters, and irregular floor and roof plans. Although the house contains some character-defining elements of the Spanish Ranch style, the design of the ca. 1948 house evolved from at least four phases of construction, including the original ca. 1948 form and three additions (ca. 1955 addition, ca, 1960 garage addition, and ca. 1980 addition), of which none of the elements consistently follow the Spanish Ranch style. Thus, the ca. 1948 house does not embody the distinctive characteristics of the Spanish Ranch design. It is also not the first to be designed within this style, nor is it the work of an important creative individual or possesses high artistic values. The ca. 1948 house is not representative of the Spanish Ranch architectural style. The associated landscape is not associated with any landscape architecture design or planned landscape. Therefore, the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape do not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 3. 4. (Information potential): Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Criterion 4 most commonly applies to resources that contain or are likely to contain information bearing on an important archaeological research question. While most often applied to archaeological sites, Criterion 4 can also apply to buildings that contain important information. For a building to be eligible under Criterion 4, it must be a principal source of important information, such as exhibiting a local variation on a standard design or construction technique can be eligible if a study can yield important information, such as how local availability of materials or construction expertise affected the evolution of local building development. The ca. 1948 house does not appear to have the ability to convey information about the history of Spanish Ranch architecture or Ranch architecture ; therefore, the Property’s built environment is not eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 4. The Property was not assessed to determine the presence of, or potential for, any associated archaeological deposits. 121 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 36 INTEGRITY For a property to qualify for listing in the CRHR, it must possess significance under one or more of the above listed criteria and have historic integrity. There are seven variables, or aspects, that are used to judge historic integrity, including location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling , and association.39 A resource must possess the aspects of integrity related to the historical theme(s) and period of significance identified for the built-environment resources. National Register Bulletin 15 explains, “only after significance is fully established can you proceed to the issue of integrity.” The Property, including the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape was not found to be eligible for the CRHR under any criterion; therefore, an integrity analysis was not completed. CONCLUSIONS EDS completed an HRE of the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County (APN 393- 34-009) that included a ca. 1948 house and associated landscape to determine if the Property is individually eligible for listing on the CRHR (14 CCR §15064.5 and PRC§ 21084.1) and if the proposed Project would have an adverse impact on historical resources. The methods used to complete the HRE included research and an intensive level historic architectural survey conducted by EDS Principal Architectural Historian Stacey De Shazo, M.A., who exceeds the Secretary of the Interior’s qualification standards in Architectural History and History, as well as Nicole LaRochelle, B.A. and Bee Thao, M.A. The HRE determined that the Property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape does not meet the eligibility requirements for listing on the CRHR and is not currently listed on any national, state, or local register of historic resources; therefore, the Property does not meet the definition of a historical resource under CEQA. As such, the proposed Project will not impact built environment historical resources within the Property. ADDITIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LOCAL LISTING Under the California Code of Regulations Section 15064.5, cultural resources are historically significant if they are a resource included in a local register of historical resources, as defined in section 5020.1(k) of the Public Resources Code or identified as significant in a historical resource survey meeting the requirements section 5024.1(g) of the Public Resources Code, shall be presumed to be historically or culturally significant. Public agencies must treat any such resource as significant unless the preponderance of the evidence demonstrates that it is not historically or culturally significant. In 2008 the HPC, based on visual inspection, determined that the ca. 1948 house qualified to be locally listed under “Criterion C”. However, no documentation was submitted in support of this finding, and no recognized architectural style, except a reference to an “existing adobe brick home”, or period of significance was noted in the HPC meeting minutes from 9/9/2008. As such, due to the lack of any documentation, such as an HRE with context and significance and integrity analysis, or DPR 523 forms, the minimum for local, state, or 39 National Park Service, National Register Bulletin: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation (Washington, D.C.: United States Department of the Interior, 1997). 122 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 37 national listing, EDS recommends the city consider utilizing the findings within this HRE, completed by EDS’ Professional Architectural Historian Stacey De Shazo, as a preponderance of the evidence under CEQA to remove the ca. 1948 house from the local listing and exempt the proposed Project from further review. 123 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 38 BIBLIOGRAPHY Archives & Architecture, LLC, Heritage Resources Inventory, Prepared for the City of Saratoga, 2009. Ancestry.com California, U.S., State Court Naturalization Records, 1850-1986 1880 United States Federal Census U.S., City Directories, 1822-1995 California, U.S., Divorce Index, 1966-1984 Louisiana, U.S., Compiled Marriage Index, 1718-1925 California, U.S., Marriage Index, 1960-1985 California, U.S., Federal Naturalization Records, 1843-1999 California State Library; Sacramento, California; Great Register of Voters, 1900-1968 Clay, Karen, “Property Rights and Institutions: Congress and the California Land Act 1851”, The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, 59(01):122-142, March 1999. Campbell Historical Museum, https://www.ci.campbell.ca.us/332/Historical-Museum-Ainsley-House, accessed March 4, 2022, Foote, H.S., “Pen Pictures From The Garden of the World or Santa Clara County, California, Illustrated”, Chicago: The Lewis Publishing Company, 1888 Gudde, Erwin Gustav, and William Bright. California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names. University of California Press. 1998. McAlester, Virginia and Lee McAlester, A Field Guild to American Houses, New York, Alfred A. Knopf. Munro-Fraser, J.P. 2013. Newspapers.com “Claudia Moser”, Los Gatos Daily Times and Los Gatos Times (January 12, 1951) “Teresa Lynn Moser”, Los-Gatos Saratoga Observer”, July 24, 1962 “Susan Jane Moser”, Los-Gatos Saratoga Observer, April 25, 1952 “Stuart Hunter Vidanage”, The Los Gatos Times-Saratoga Observer, January 07, 1975 Nancy Olmsted. Vanished Waters: A History of San Francisco's Mission Bay, Mission Creek Conservancy, San Francisco, 1986. Rifkind, Carole, A Field Guide to Contemporary American Architecture. A Dutton Book. New York, NY, 1998. pg. 270-277 Timothy Stanley, The Last of the Prune Pickers: A Pre-Silicon Valley Story, Timothy Publishing. 2010. Tyler, Norman, Ted Ligibel, and Ilene R. Tyler, Historic Preservation: An Introduction to Its History, Principles, and Practice, New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2009. 124 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 39 U.C. Santa Barbara Library 1939 Aerial photograph of Saratoga. 1948 Aerial photograph of Saratoga. 1965 Aerial photograph of Saratoga. 1980 Aerial photograph of Saratoga. 125 Historic Resource Evaluation for the Property at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. 40 Appendix A: DPR Forms 126 Page 1 of 17 *Resource Name or #: 13514 Hammons Avenue P1. Other Identifier: DPR 523A (9/2013) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial NRHP Status Code Other Listing Review Code Reviewer Date *P2.Location:  Not for Publication Unrestricted *a. County Santa Clara and *b. USGS 7.5' Quad Cupertino Date 1991 T 8S ; R 2W; NE ¼ of NE ¼ of Sec 1 ; MD B.M. c.Address 13514 Saratoga Avenue City Saratoga Zip 94070 d.UTM: Zone 10N , 586225 mE/ 4125483 mN e.Other Locational Data: The resource is located within the .032-acre property Assessor’s Parcel Number (APN) 393-34-009 at 13514 Saratoga Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. The Property is situated on the northeast corner of Hammons Road and Thelma Avenue, approximately 2.8 miles south of Highway 85 and 1.1 miles north of downtown Saratoga. *P3a. Description: The resource includes a ca. 1948 house and associated landscape. The ca. 1948 house is associated with the Ranch architectural style and the Spanish Ranch sub-type. The ca. 1948 house is constructed on a concrete slab foundation. The house has a low-pitched roof clad in red mission tiles with matching eave bird stops and decorative wood elements around the porch. While the one-story house currently demonstrates an irregular U-shaped plan, the building consists of four construction phases, including the original ca. 1948 form and three additions (ca. 1955 addition, ca, 1960 garage addition, and ca. 1980 addition) (Continued on Continuation Sheet, Page 2) *P3b. Resource Attributes: HP2. Single-family property (ca. 1948 house) *P4. Resources Present:  Building  Structure  Object  Site  District  Element of District  Other P5b. Description of Photo: ca. 1948 house, facing northeast. *P6.Date Constructed/Age and Source: Historic  Prehistoric  Both ca. 1948; various sources *P7.Owner and Address: Kyung Shin 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, California, 95070 *P8.Recorded by: Stacey De Shazo, M.A., Evans & De Shazo, Inc., 1141 Gravenstein Highway S, Sebastopol, CA 95472 *P9.Date Recorded: 03/16/2022 *P10. Survey Type: Intensive *P11. Report Citation: Stacey De Shazo, Nicole LaRochelle, and Bee Thao (2022), Historic Resource Evaluation of the Property Located at 13514 Hammons Avenue, Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California. *Attachments: NONE Location Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record  Other (List): P5a. Photograph or Drawing 127 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 2 of 17 (Continued from Primary Sheet, page 1) The irregular roofline demonstrates the additions, utilizing both gabled and hipped roofing systems. The ca. 1948 form consists of two hipped roofs connected by a gable roof. There are two wide rectangular chimneys located along the eaves of the original form. The ca. 1948 form extended north to the south wall of the recessed form (aka hyphen) and extended south to a hipped roof section to the east, about two-thirds of its current length. The first addition to the ca. 1948 house appears to have occurred in ca. 1955 and is a hipped roof addition that projects east, creating a wing from the original southern form, adding to the then shorter L-shaped plan, evidenced by a change in window design and materials, from single-hung wood windows within the ca. 1948 form and sliding sash, aluminum windows within the ca. 1955 addition. The second addition is the ca. 1960 garage addition that includes the construction of the recessed form (aka hyphen) and the enclosure and incorporation of the original garage as part of the house. The third addition occurred in ca. 1980, which modified the ca. 1960 garage addition, expanding it to the east and changing the roofline into a gabled wing, creating the current irregular u-shape of the house. The ca. 1948 house is clad in three distinct finishes, including brick cladding white-washed with a textured wash.1 The original form also consists of painted brick, without the textured wash, which was likely the original design and later white-washed. The additions include several different stucco finishing styles. Figure 1. West elevation, denoting the initial ca. 1948 house. 1 In 2008, the brick was misidentified by the Heritage Preservation Commission as adobe brick. 128 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 3 of 17 Figure 2. Detail of bird stop/eave closure on the corner of the hipped roof. West Elevation (primary façade) The west elevation (primary façade) consists of the original ca. 1948 form of the house and the ca. 1955 addition and ca. 1960 garage addition. At the southwest corner of the ca. 1948 form is a four-light, one-over- one, single-hung, wood window with a thick extending windowsill (Figure 3). There is an incorporated porch, supported by four square wood columns with decorative brackets, located between the two hipped sections and includes one of the painted brick chimneys. The porch floor is brick and slightly raised. Set within the incorporated porch is a fixed, single-light, wood window with a decorative grate, a wood-paneled door, and an aluminum sliding sash window (Figure 4). There is also scalloped trim extending around the interior section's perimeter where the porch ceiling and house form meet (Figure 5). The original hipped section on the northern section of the house was originally a single-car garage; however, it was modified in ca. 1960, incorporating the original garage as part of the house. The modifications to the original garage include white- washed brick cladding and a sixteen-light, fixed, picture window with louvered windows on either side, which are protected by screens (Figure 6). To the north of the ca. 1948 form is the recessed form (aka hyphen), which connects the house with the ca. 1960 garage addition, and includes a pair of two-over-two, single-hung, wood windows on the west side (Figure 7). On the north elevation of the original hipped section is a pair of two-over-two, single-hung, wood windows. The south elevation adjacent to the recessed form (aka hyphen) is a fixed, clerestory, wood window. The position of this window may suggest that the reces sed form was an afterthought to connect with the ca. 1948 form to the ca. 1960 garage addition. The northernmost section of the current house consists of the ca. 1960 garage with a metal roll-up garage door (Figure 8). 129 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 4 of 17 Figure 3. Southwest corner, showing the chimney and window beneath the hipped roof, facing southeast. Figure 4. Incorporated porch, with fenestration and the corner of the chimney. 130 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 5 of 17 Figure 5. Aluminum sliding sash window, beneath scalloped trim, facing east. Figure 6. Picture window, located at infilled garage, facing northeast. 131 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 6 of 17 Figure 7. Hyphen, connection garage to main house, facing southeast. Figure 8. ca. 1960 garage addition, including the ca. 190 garage and recessed form (aka hyphen) and the original modified garage that was incorporated as part of house in ca. 1960, facing east. 132 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 7 of 17 North Elevation The north elevation consists of a portion of the ca. 1960 garage addition and the ca. 1980 addition, denoted by its stucco finish, which differs from the washed bricks on the remaining elevations. The westernmost section includes the ca. 1960 garage, which has a fixed, single-light, clerestory, wood window (Figure 9). The elevation extends east, including a ten-light, wood-framed door, which has a screen over it, and three aluminum sliding windows (Figure 10). Figure 9. Clerestory window at garage section of north elevation, facing south. 133 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 8 of 17 Figure 10. North elevation, facing southeast. East Elevation The east elevation consists of hipped and gabled wings of the ca. 1948 house and the main eastern section of the original ca. 1948 form, making up the current u-shaped plan. The southern, gabled end includes a wood porch and a glass sliding metal door. There is a gable vent at the center below the peak; an off -center shed extends from this gable, which houses mechanical components, accessed via metal doors (Figure 11). The south elevation of the gabled wing includes an incorporated porch supported by six square, wood columns, each of which has decorative brackets (Figure 12). There is a raised porch floor covered in red tiles, providing access to three evenly spaced sliding glass metal doors. The north section of the original east elevation consists of three windows located below the north hipped roof (Figure 13). The northernmost window is an infilled door, likely the original rear entrance to the previous garage, with a one-over-two, single-hung, aluminum window. To the south is a narrow, fixed-light window and an aluminum sliding sash window, with two lights on the north sash and one on the south sash. To the south of these windows is the location of th e original porch that has been enclosed (likely in the 1970s or 1980s) and currently consists of a sliding glass door beneath large, fixed, single-light windows over wood paneling (Figure 14). The north elevation of the south wing includes a sliding glass door that opens onto the courtyard (Figure 15). 134 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 9 of 17 Figure 11. Gabled end, with wood porch and shed extension, facing northwest. 135 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 10 of 17 Figure 12. South elevation of gabled wing, with incorporated porch. Figure 13. East elevation, facing west, with infilled single door. 136 State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13514 Hammons Avenue Page 11 of 17 Figure 14. East elevation, facing west, showing sliding glass doors between fixed windows and decorative paneling. Figure 15. East elevation and north elevation of south wing, facing southwest. South Elevation The south elevation is the section of the house that faces Thelma Avenue. It includes sections from both the 137 DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013) State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13631 Saratoga Avenue Page 12 of 16 original ca. 1948 form and ca. 1955 addition (Figure 16). The western section consists of the original ca. 1948 form, including three two-over-two, single-hung, wood windows, though the center window is smaller than the other two. The eastern section of the ca. 1955 addition consists of an aluminum sliding window. The west section is finished with the textured wash over brick, while the addition appears to only have a smooth coating of white-wash over the brick without any added texture (Figure 17). Figure 16. South elevation, facing north. 138 DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013) State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13631 Saratoga Avenue Page 13 of 16 Figure 17. South elevation, showing the textured white-wash along the original ca. 1948 wall and the un- textured white-wash along the ca. 1955 addition (right). Associated Landscape The associated landscape is not associated with any landscape architectural design. The front yard consists primarily of a semi-circular exposed aggregate concrete driveway, inlaid with brick at each edge, which loops around the front of the building, accessing the garage and street (Figure 18). Small shrubs, trees, and flowers are planted around the driveway. The backyard, consisting of a courtyard, has pavers of both brick and slate, surrounded by a lawn. Three larger trees are also included within the property. 139 DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013) State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13631 Saratoga Avenue Page 14 of 16 Figure 18. Showing the inlaid with brick and exposed aggregate concrete driveway, facing northeast California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) Evaluation 1. (Event): Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage. The property was originally part of a fruit orchard associated with agriculture and fruit farming in Saratoga in the later 1800s and early 1900s; however, in the late 1940s, after World War II (WWII) ended, the surrounding orchard was subdivided, and the property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape was developed as part of a residential area known as the Golden Triangle. Although the development of this residential area appears to be associated with post-WWII housing development in Saratoga from ca. 1945 to ca. 1970, individually the property does not have the ability to convey this significance. Therefore, the property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape does not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 1. 2. (Person): Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past. The ownership and occupancy history of the property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape was thoroughly researched, and it does not appear to be associated with a person or organization important in our past. Therefore, the property containing the ca. 1948 house and associated landsca pe does not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 2. 140 DPR 523L (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013) State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary# DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # Trinomial CONTINUATION SHEET Property Name: __13631 Saratoga Avenue Page 15 of 16 3. (Construction/Architecture): Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creati ve individual, or possesses high artistic values. Architecture: The ca. 1948 house is associated with Ranch architecture and the Spanish Ranch subtype within a period of significance of ca. 1948, the estimated date of construction. The Spanish Ranch subtype began ca. 1935 as a stylized form of Ranch architecture. While stylized Ranch styles began in 1935, this design became most prolific in the 1970s until ca. 1985. The ca. 1948 house was constructed during the early phase of the Spanish Ranch subtype. The house consists of textured white-wash over brick, textured stucco on the additions, red Spanish clay tiles and bracketed, square wood columns, exposed rafters, and irregular floor and roof plans. Although the house contains some character-defining elements of the Spanish Ranch style, the design of the ca. 1948 house evolved from at least four phases of construction, including the original ca. 1948 form and three additions (ca. 1955 addition, ca, 1960 garage addition, and ca. 1980 addition), of which none of the elements consistently follow the Spanish Ranch style. Thus, the ca. 1948 house does not embody the distinctive characteristics of the Spanish Ranch design. It is also not the first to be designed within this style, nor is it the work of an important creative individual or possesses high artistic values. The ca. 1948 house is not representative of the Spanish Ranch architectural style. The associated landscape is not associated with any landscape architecture design or planned landscape. Therefore, the ca. 1948 house and associated landscape do not appear individually eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 3. 4. (Information potential): Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Criterion 4 most commonly applies to resources that contain or are likely to contain information bearing on an important archaeological research question. While most often applied to archaeological sites, Criterion 4 can also apply to buildings that contain important information. For a building to be eligible under Criterion 4, it must be a principal source of important information, such as exhibiting a local variation on a standard design or construction technique can be eligible if a study can yield important information, such as how local availability of materials or construction expertise affected the evolution of local building development. The ca. 1948 house does not appear to have the ability to convey information about the history of Spanish Ranch architecture or Ranch architecture; therefore, the property’s built environment is not eligible for listing in the CRHR under Criterion 4. The property was not assessed to determine the presence of, or potential for, any associated archaeological deposits. 141 Page 17 of 17 *Resource Name or # 13514 Saratoga Avenue ________ *Map Name: USGS 7.5’ Cupertino Quadrangle *Scale: 1:24,000 *Date of map: _1991_ DPR 523J (Rev. 1/1995)(Word 9/2013) * Required information State of California Natural Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# LOCATION MAP Trinomial 142 Previous Saratoga Heritage Preservation Commissioners April 25, 2022 Saratoga City Council Saratoga Heritage Preservation Commissioners James Lindsey Nicole Johnson Debbie Pedro Christopher Riordan Dear City Council, Heritage Preservation Commissioners, and City Staff: The owners of the home at 13514 Hammons Avenue are currently in the design phase of a construction project that calls for the demolition of the existing house. Given the home’s listing on the City of Saratoga’s Heritage Resource Inventory, the owners hired the consulting firm of Evans and De Shazo to create a report in support of their plan. We encourage the HPC to verify the findings of any report submitted by a builder or property owner’s consultant for accuracy and objectivity. The Evans and De Shazo report (p.36) claims that the Hammons Avenue home “is not currently listed on any national, state, or local register of historic resources.” The home is listed on the City of Saratoga’s Heritage Resource Inventory and meets the city’s criteria. In 2008, the Hammons Avenue home was placed on the HRI as a local resource. The Evans and De Shazo report concludes that the property “does not meet the eligibility requirements for listing on the CRHR” (California Register of Historical Resources). It does not have to meet the CRHR requirements to be listed as a local heritage resource. The Evans and De Shazo report also claims that there is a lack of documentation for the 2008 HPC decision to place the home on the Heritage Resource Inventory. HPC members who voted to add the property to the HRI in 2008 have recently stated (three of which have signed this letter) that there was proper documentation at the time to support their decision. A current lack of related documentation is an ongoing problem for the HPC. Documents from earlier commissions are stored somewhere in the City Hall basement and have been difficult, or impossible, to locate. According to Chapter 13 of the City of Saratoga’s Code of Ordinances, the primary role of the HPC is to “Conduct, or cause to be conducted, a comprehensive survey of properties within the boundaries of the City for the purpose of establishing the Heritage Resource Inventory. To qualify for inclusion in the Heritage Resource Inventory, a property must satisfy any one or more of the criteria listed in Section 13-15.010 of this Chapter.” In other words, the role of the HPC is to recognize the City’s heritage resources and the Hammons Avenue home is a recognized resource. Not only is it the obligation of the HPC to maintain a list of homes and properties that are of significant historical value to our community, but it is also a state law! Creating a DPR such as the one in the Evans and De Shazo report that promotes demolition vs. preservation of a structure is antithetical to the charter of the Office of Historic Preservation and 1 143 the purpose of the DPR 523 forms - which is to identify, evaluate, register and protect California's historical resources. A DPR is a form used to qualify a property - not to disqualify the property. Misuse of a DPR should not be accepted. We, as experienced and former Heritage Preservation Commissioners, do not recommend removing this property from the Saratoga Heritage Resource Inventory. This home is a great example of a transition period after WWII from the unique Spanish Ranch style to the beginning of the George Day ranch home development in our town beginning in the 1960s. Buildings change over time but are still significant. The current HPC needs to review the following before making their recommendation to the City Council concerning the removal of this very historic property from the HRI. This 1948 Hammons Avenue home clearly meets the requirements to remain on the City's Heritage Resource Inventory. We also urge the City Council to take our request into consideration and keep this 1948 Spanish Ranch-style home - one of the first ranch homes built in Saratoga - on the Saratoga Heritage Resource Inventory. CITY OF SARATOGA’S DESIGNATION Article 13-15 - DESIGNATION OF A HERITAGE RESOURCE Pursuant to Section 13-15.010 – Criteria is listed below: The Heritage Commission may recommend to the City Council designation of a proposal as a historic landmark, heritage lane or historic district if it satisfies any two or more of the criteria listed below and also retains a substantial degree of architectural and structural integrity with respect to the original design, as determined by the Heritage Preservation Commission. (a) It exemplifies or reflects special elements of the cultural, social, economic, political, aesthetic, engineering or architectural history of the City, the County, the State or the nation; or (b) It is identified with persons or events significant in local, county, state or national history; or (c) It embodies distinctive characteristics of a style, type, period or method of construction, or is a valuable example of the use of indigenous materials; or (d) It is representative of the notable design or craft of a builder, designer, or architect; or (e) It embodies or contributes to unique physical characteristics representing an established and familiar visual feature of a neighborhood or district within the City; or (f) It represents a significant concentration or continuity of site, buildings, structures or objects, unified by past events or aesthetically by plan or physical or natural development; or (g) It embodies or contributes to a unique natural setting or environment constituting a distinct area or district within the City having special character or special historical, architectural or aesthetic interest or value. 2 144 Based on the above criteria the house at 13514 Hammons Avenue qualifies for two of the seven criteria above, specifically criteria (a) and (c). Ranch-style homes were designed in 1950s for the following reasons: Ranch-style architecture is found everywhere in the United States, from California to New England. By the time of the 1950s building boom, ranch homes symbolized America's frontier spirit and new growth as a modern country. The ranch was developed for mid-twentieth-century America. This style was one of the most popular housing types built in the US. During the 1950s, real estate developers were eager to sell dreams of family and homeownership to GI soldiers returning from WWII. Ranch-style housing remains a popular and practical choice even today. With no stairs to a second floor, a ranch home - new or old - can be an ideal choice for homeowners who want to age in place. HOME’S RELEVANCE According to the 2008 HPC meeting minutes on September 9, October 14, and November 12th of 2008, the HPC added this property to the Heritage Resource Inventory and classified it as an adobe because it resembled a Spanish Adobe home. It is technically a Spanish Ranch home and the classification should be modified. This 74-year-old house is one of the earliest remaining examples of post-World War II homes built in unincorporated Western Santa Clara County. Developed in the Golden Triangle residential area in what would later become the City of Saratoga (1956), the structure is an example of a California Spanish Ranch-style home. According to Evans and De Shazo, Cliff May was the architect who popularized the Ranch-Style home in California during the 1940s. His designs included: •One or two stories asymmetrical forms, some with one or more wings •Gabled roof with wide eaves with exposed rafter tails •Exposed post and beam construction •Attached garages, often forming one wing; gable and wing form •Brick or stone chimneys •Setting in close relationship to the associated landscape; integral landscape design •Dutch doors, French doors, and sliding glass doors •Shutters on houses; and simple wood or metal hand-railing Evans and De Shazo also note, in their report, that the Spanish Ranch-style (also referred to as California Hacienda) was a subtype of the Ranch-style. Characteristics of the Spanish Ranch included: •Low, long profile •Wide eave overhangs •Winged additions •Patios and courtyards Exhibiting features of early Spanish Ranch-style homes characteristic of this period, the 13514 Hammons Avenue home maintains: •A low, long profile •Wide eave overhangs •Covered porches 3 145 •Winged additions •Two wide rectangular brick chimneys •Two hipped roofs connected by a gable roof HOME’S REVISIONS / ADDITIONS 1.The 1955 hipped roof winged addition is consistent with additions to Ranch-style homes from the mid-1950s. Regarding the addition’s windows, it would not have occurred to the homeowner to add more single-hung wood windows to a six-year old house at a time when sliding sash, aluminum windows were becoming common in Bay Area homes. 2.The 1960 addition of a garage was typical of Ranch-style homes from this time period, which often included converted carports or added attached garages. Original 1940s garages were one car, narrow enclosures that could easily be incorporated into the main living space, as the owners of this house chose to do. 3.The 1980 modification of the garage did not radically change the exterior of the home, and should not determine whether this structure is an example of Spanish Ranch-style architecture. Although the current roofline is irregular, it does utilize both gabled and hipped systems, consistent with the 1948 structure. The exterior of the home includes painted brick, with and without textured wash, as well as more recent stucco finishes (additions). CONCLUSION Consistent with Department of Interior Preservation Standards, the additions to the original 1948 building are differentiated from the original building. Should the additions be removed in the future, the essential form and integrity of the home would be unimpaired. In its current condition, these changes do not exclude the home from qualifying for the City of Saratoga’s Heritage Resource Inventory. The City of Saratoga’s Heritage Resource Inventory includes structures of historic interest locally, not exclusively those of interest statewide or nationally. Although the California State Office of Historic Preservation technical assistance manual “Drafting Historic Preservation Ordinances” notes that there are advantages to using the California State designation criteria when creating a local preservation ordinance, it also states that “there is no requirement that local governments adopt the same criteria for their own designation programs” (p.27) Further, Section 21084.1 of the CEQA statute states that properties included in a local register or identified as significant in a historical survey are presumed to be significant for purposes of CEQA unless a preponderance of evidence demonstrates otherwise. (Drafting Historic Preservation Ordinances, p.63-4) (It is also important to note that per CEQA and the City’s General Plan, any property that is over 50 years old and comes to the Planning Department for changes, is required to be reviewed by the HPC.) After extensive research, we have concluded that there is ample support to have the property, located at 13514 Hammons Ave., remain on the Heritage Resource Inventory list. 4 146 This California Spanish Ranch-style home built in 1948 is one of the earliest ranch homes built in the city of Saratoga and is important to our community’s history. As previous HPC members and preservationists, we feel this unique home is a treasure to our community. Respectfully submitted by previous HPC Commissioners, Marilyn Marchetti Norman Koepernik Annette Stransky Jill Hunter Dr. Jo Rainie-Rodgers Peter Marra Alex Nugent Joan Gomersall Rina Shah (current HPC) Beth Wyman 5 147